67 Results Found

Radiomics analysis is a powerful tool aiming to provide diagnostic and prognostic patient information directly from images that are decoded into handcrafted features, comprising descriptors of shape, size and textural patterns. Although radiomics is...

Pooling radiomic features coming from different centers in a statistical framework is challenging due to the variability in scanner models, acquisition protocols, and reconstruction settings. To remove technical variability, commonly called batch eff...

Background/Objectives: Radiomics enables extraction of quantitative imaging features to support non-invasive classification of prostate cancer (PCa). Accurate detection of clinically significant PCa (csPCa; Gleason score ≥ 3 + 4) is crucial for gu...

The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of radiomics in the absence of well-defined standard guidelines. Specifically, we extracted radiomics features from multicenter computed tomography (CT) images to differentiate between the four...

Dramatic advances in the management of congenital heart disease (CHD) have improved survival to adulthood from less than 10% in the 1960s to over 90% in the current era, such that adult CHD (ACHD) patients now outnumber their pediatric counterparts....

Patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome who have been palliated with the Fontan procedure are at risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, lower quality of life, and reduced employability. We describe the methods (including quality assuranc...

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. International societies have promoted the molecular analysis of MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) exon 14 skipping for the clinical stratification of non-small cell lu...

Flow cytometry is a highly sensitive and specific approach for discriminating between normal and clonal plasma cells in multiple myeloma. Uniform response criteria after treatment have been established by the International Myeloma Working Group and t...

Quantitative FDG-PET brain imaging across multiple centers is challenged by inter-scanner variability, impacting the comparability of neuroimaging data. This study proposes a data-driven image-based harmonization protocol to address these discrepanci...

In this study, a radiomics analysis was conducted to provide insights into the differentiation of radionecrosis and tumor progression in multiparametric MRI in the context of a multicentric clinical trial. First, the sensitivity of radiomic features...

For multicenter clinical studies, characterizing the robustness of image-derived radiomics features is essential. Features calculated on PET images have been shown to be very sensitive to image noise. The purpose of this work was to investigate the e...

This study investigates Intraobserver Features Variability (IFV) in radiomics studies and assesses the effectiveness of the ComBat harmonization method in mitigating these effects. Methods: This study utilizes data from the NSCLC-Radiomics-Interobser...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nowadays plays an important role in the identification of brain underpinnings in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Characterizing the hallmarks in these pathologies...

Stress echo (SE) 2030 study is an international, prospective, multicenter cohort study that will include >10,000 patients from ≥20 centers from ≥10 countries. It represents the logical and chronological continuation of the SE 2020 study, which dev...

Radiomics or textural feature extraction obtained from positron emission tomography (PET) images through complex mathematical models of the spatial relationship between multiple image voxels is currently emerging as a new tool for assessing intra-tum...

Endometrial cancer is the commonest gynecological cancer, with an incidence predicted to escalate by a further 50–100% before 2025, due to the rapid rise in risk factors such as obesity and increased life expectancy. Endometrial cancer associat...

In ultrafast science, the strong-field approximation (SFA) provides a powerful framework to describe high-order harmonic generation (HHG) and related phenomena. Meanwhile, within the current ab initio theoretical framework, the use of nonlocal potent...

This retrospective study aims to evaluate the generalizability of a promising state-of-the-art multitask deep learning (DL) model for predicting the response of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) using a mul...

Background/Objectives: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and early detection using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) substantially improves survival outcomes. However, variations in CT acquisition and reconstru...

We present a time-dependent framework that combines a hybrid basis, consisting of Gaussian-type orbitals (GTOs) and finite-element discrete-variable representation (FEDVR) functions, with a multicenter grid to simulate strong-field and attosecond dyn...

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with hyperpolarized [1-¹³C]pyruvate allows real-time and pathway specific clinical detection of otherwise unimageable in vivo metabolism. However, the comparability between sites and protocols is unknown....

Background: Diagnosing CNS tumors through MRI is limited by significant variability in scanner hardware, acquisition protocols, and intensity characteristics at clinical centers, resulting in substantial domain shifts that lead to diminished reliabil...

Esophageal cancer (EC) is of public health significance as one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Accurate staging, treatment planning and prognostication in EC patients are of vital importance. Recent advances in machine learning (ML)...

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) plays a pivotal role in regulating extracellular proteolysis, cell migration, immune responses, and tissue remodeling across diverse physiological and pathological contexts. This review provide...

Hereditary polyposis syndromes are rare but potentially devastating conditions which require multidisciplinary care from an early age. Societal guidelines, which ideally combine expert opinions and medical evidence, serve as the framework for disease...

Background: Previous attempts to classify lymphoma subtypes based on metabolic features extracted from ¹⁸F-FDG PET imaging have been hindered by inconsistencies in imaging protocols, scanner types, and inter-institutional variability. To overcome the...

Radiomics promises quantitative biomarkers extracted from routine hip imaging to support diagnosis, prognosis, and surgical planning, but current evidence is fragmented across pathologies, modalities, and computational pipelines. We conducted a scopi...

Regional anatomical structures of the brain are intimately connected to functions corresponding to specific regions and the temporospatial pattern of genetic expression and their functions from the fetal period to old age. Therefore, quantitative bra...

Background: As part of simulation-based learning, it is well known that debriefing plays a crucial role; ineffective debriefing can lead to a reiteration of errors in decision-making and a poor understanding of one’s limitations, compromising t...

The etiology of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (iSSNHL) remains unclear, and genome-wide genetic evidence is limited. We conducted a multicenter Japanese case–control genome-wide association study including 192 clinically defined...

Background: Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of neurodegenerative disorders marked by progressive corticospinal tract dysfunction and wide phenotypic variability. Their genetic heterogeneity has so far limited the identification of b...

Between-country comparisons of estimated dietary intake are particularly prone to error when different food composition tables are used. The objective of this study was to describe our procedures and rationale for the selection and adaptation of avai...

A better understanding of veterinary students’ perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge about antimicrobial stewardship and biosecurity could facilitate more effective education of future veterinarians about these important issues. A multicenter c...

In medical research and clinical applications, the utilization of MRI datasets from multiple centers has become increasingly prevalent. However, inherent variability between these centers presents challenges due to domain shift, which can impact the...

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss in patients with diabetes. While VEGF-driven vascular permeability is central to its pathogenesis, inflammation plays a complementary and pivotal role in disease progression, morphologica...

Background/Objectives: This review evaluates the expanding contributions of artificial intelligence (AI) across biomedicine, focusing on cancer therapy and nanomedicine, cardiology and medical imaging, neurodegenerative disorders, and liver disease....

Vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by inflammation of blood vessel walls, leading to tissue ischemia and organ injury. Traditional inflammatory markers such as the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive pro...

Background: Effective early risk stratification in COVID-19 remains a critical challenge in emergency care, particularly due to the limitations of RT-PCR testing, including delayed processing and false negatives. There is an unmet need for imaging to...

Background/Objectives: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into dental diagnostics is rapidly evolving, offering opportunities to improve diagnostic precision, reproducibility, and accessibility of care. This systematic review examined th...

Background/Objectives: Integrating deep learning (DL) into radiomics offers a noninvasive approach to predicting molecular markers in gliomas, a crucial step toward personalized medicine. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of DL model...

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving therapy for hematologic malignancies, such as leukemia and lymphoma and other severe conditions but is associated with significant risks, including graft versus host disease (GVHD), rela...

Bladder cancer (BC) represents a major global health issue with high recurrence and significant mortality rates in cases of advanced disease. Currently, the development of molecular profiling, liquid biopsy technologies, and artificial intelligence (...

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Gram-negative bacteria-causing bloodstream infections (BSIs), such as Klebsiella pneumoniae and non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), is a major public health concern. Nonetheless, AMR surveillance remains scar...

Purpose: To review the current literature on the combined use of cataract surgery (or lensectomy) and vitrectomy in pediatric patients, with a focus on clinical indications, surgical techniques, outcomes, and complications across various pediatric oc...

Background and Objectives: The present study evaluates documentation and control of cardiovascular risk factors (RFs) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) during routine outpatient visits at a single tertiary center in western Romania and pl...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a valuable tool for presurgical brain mapping, traditionally implemented with task-based paradigms (tb-fMRI) that measure blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal changes during controlled motor...

Objectives: This retrospective, multi-center study analyzed pre-existing anonymized clinical data from electronic health records and imaging archives. The analysis utilized real-world clinical data from 200 patients across four tertiary care centers,...

Vascular diseases (VDs) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are limited by insufficient resolution and a lack of mechanistic understanding at th...

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis reduces adverse outcomes and alleviates the burden on healthcare, yet conventional approaches are often invasive, costly, and not always ava...

Background/Objectives: The ¹³C-Methacetin Breath Test (MBT) is a non-invasive tool to evaluate hepatic microsomal function via exhaled ¹³CO₂, reflecting cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)-mediated metabolism. Despite decades of evidence demonstrating its u...