Allopolyploidy in plants involves the merging of two or more distinct parental genomes into a single nucleus, a significant evolutionary process in the plant kingdom. Transcriptomic analysis provides invaluable insights into allopolyploid plants by e...
Gene transfer from wild wheat relatives to bread wheat is restricted to homologous recombination. The presence of the Pairing homoeologous 1 (Ph1) gene in the long arm of wheat chromosome 5B allows only homologous chromosomes to pair and recombine, r...
Bread wheat is an allohexaploid that behaves as a diploid during meiosis, the cell division process to produce the gametes occurring in organisms with sexual reproduction. Knowledge of the mechanisms implicated in meiosis can contribute to facilitati...
Allopolyploidy through the combination of divergent genomes into a common nucleus at doubled dosage is known as a potent genetic and evolutionary force. As a macromutation, a striking feature of allopolyploidy in comparison with other mutational proc...
Crop cultivars with larger root systems have an increased ability to absorb water and nutrients under conditions of water deficit. To unravel the molecular mechanism of water-stress tolerance in wheat, we performed RNA-seq analysis on the two genotyp...
Agropyron cristatum (P genome) is a Triticeae species from the wheat tertiary gene pool which has economic importance as forage and also displays traits beneficial to wheat. Resistance to leaf rust was previously mapped to the short arm of chrom...
Polyploidization is a driving force in plant evolution. Chromosomal variation often occurs at early generations following polyploid formation due to meiotic pairing irregularity that may compromise segregation fidelity and cause homoeologous exchange...
We applied a genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) to analyze the genomic constitution of and meiotic pairing in interspecific somatic hybrids, and in a wide subset of backcrossing derivatives (BC1–BC5), from three interspecific combinations inv...
Retinoic acid (RA) is a major regulatory signal during embryogenesis produced from vitamin A (retinol) by an extensive, autoregulating metabolic and signaling network to prevent fluctuations that result in developmental malformations. Xenopus laevis...
Effective maintenance of plant iron (Fe) homoeostasis relies on a network of transcription factors (TFs) that respond to environmental conditions and regulate Fe uptake, translocation, and storage. The iron-related transcription factor 3 (IRO3), as w...
Wheat is one of the most important food crops globally, and understanding the regulation of grain size is crucial for wheat breeding to achieve a higher grain yield. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in plant growth and development. However, the mi...
Interspecific crosses that fuse the genomes of two different species may result in overall gene expression changes in the hybrid progeny, called ‘transcriptome shock’. To better understand the expression pattern after genome merging durin...
Wheat, including durum and common wheat, respectively, is an allopolyploid with two or three homoeologous subgenomes originating from diploid wild ancestral species. The wheat genome’s polyploid origin consisting of just three diploid ancestors...
Organ-specific transcriptomes provide valuable insight into the genes involved in organ identity and developmental control. This study investigated transcriptomes of floral organs and subtending bracts in wild and domesticated Gossypium hirsutum, foc...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important factors for the post-transcriptional regulation of protein-coding genes in plants and animals. They are discovered either by sequencing small RNAs or computationally. We employed a sequence-homology-based computationa...
Plant cytogenetic studies have provided essential knowledge on chromosome behavior during meiosis, contributing to our understanding of this complex process. In this review, we describe in detail the meiotic process in auto- and allopolyploids from t...
In contrast to other olfactory receptor families that exhibit frequent lineage-specific expansions, the vomeronasal type 1 receptor (V1R) family exhibits a canonical six-member repertoire in teleosts. V1r1 and V1r2 are present in no more than one cop...
DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility play important roles in gene expression, but their function in subgenome expression dominance remains largely unknown. We conducted comprehensive analyses of the transcriptome, DNA methylation, and chromati...
Common wheat originated from interspecific hybridization between cultivated tetraploid wheat and its wild diploid relative Aegilops tauschii followed by amphidiploidization. This evolutionary process can be reproduced artificially, resulting in synth...
Polyploids are essential in plant evolution and species formation, providing a rich genetic reservoir and increasing species diversity. Complex polyploids with higher ploidy levels often have a dosage effect on the phenotype, which can be highly detr...
Grain development, as a vital process in the crop’s life cycle, is crucial for determining crop quality and yield. The wheat grain expanding phase is the early process involving the rapid morphological changes and initiation of grain filling. H...
Today wheat cultivation is facing rapidly changing climate scenarios and yield instability, aggravated by the spreading of severe diseases such as Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Fusarium crown rot (FCR). To obtain productive genotypes resilient to st...
The tribe Triticeae contains about 500 diploid and polyploid taxa, among which are important crops, such as wheat, barley and rye. The phylogenetic relationships, genome compo-sition and chromosomal architecture, were already reported in the pioneer...
The significant increase in grain yield and quality are often antagonistic but a constant demand for breeders and consumers. Some genes related to cytochrome P450 family are known for rice organ growth but their role in controlling grain yield is sti...
The genus Pseudoroegneria (Nevski) Löve (Triticeae, Poaceae) with its genome abbreviated ‘St’ accounts for more than 60% of perennial Triticeae species. The diploid species Psudoroegneria libanotica (2n = 14) contains the most ancien...
The VERNALIZATION1 (VRN1) gene encodes a MADS-box transcription factor and plays an important role in the cold-induced transition from the vegetative to reproductive stage. Allelic variability of VRN1 homoeologs has been associated with large differe...
Allopolyploids are often faced with the challenge of maintaining well-coordination between nuclear and cytoplasmic genes inherited from different species. The synthetic allotetraploid Cucumis × hytivus is a useful model to explore cytonuclear c...
Grain number and size are important agronomic traits determining grain yield, and yield improvement depends on exploring functional variations of key regulatory genes. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MAPK6) plays a key role in crop development; h...
Eukaryotic gene transcription is fine-tuned by precise spatiotemporal interactions between cis-regulatory elements (CREs) and trans-acting factors. However, how CREs individually or coordinated with epigenetic marks function in regulating homoeolog b...
Soybean (Glycine max) cultivars adapted to high latitudes have a weakened or absent sensitivity to photoperiod. The purposes of this study were to determine the molecular basis for photoperiod insensitivity in various soybean accessions, focusing on...
Kernel hardness is a key trait of wheat seeds, largely controlled by two tightly linked genes Puroindoline a and b (Pina and Pinb). Genes homologous to Pinb, namely Pinb2, have been studied. Whether these genes contribute to kernel hardness and other...
Cystatins, as reversible inhibitors of papain-like and legumain proteases, have been identified in several plant species. Although the cystatin family plays crucial roles in plant development and defense responses to various stresses, this family in...
With-No-Lysine (WNK) kinases are a subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. WNKs are involved in plant abiotic stress response and circadian rhythms. However, members of the WNK subfamily and their responses to abiotic and biotic stresses in Go...
Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the storage oils of plant seeds, and these lipids provide energy for seed germination and valuable oils for human consumption. Three diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT1, DGAT2, and DGAT3) and phospholipid:diacylglycerol...
In wheat, remobilization of nitrogen absorbed before anthesis and regulation of monocarpic senescence is a major issue in breeding for nutrient use efficiency. We identified natural variants of NAM-A1, a gene having the same role as its well-characte...
Pod shattering resistance is an essential component to achieving a high yield, which is a substantial objective in polyploid rapeseed cultivation. Previous studies have suggested that the Arabidopsis JAGGED (JAG) gene is a key factor implicated in th...
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the key staple crops, providing food for nearly half of the world’s population. The past twenty years have seen significant advances in understanding Oryza species through genome sequencing efforts. However, the st...
The chromosome 2Hch of Hordeum chilense. has the potential to improve seed carotenoid content in wheat as it carries a set of endosperm carotenoid-related genes. We have obtained structural changes in chromosome 2Hch in a common wheat (Triticum aesti...
Plant height is an important agronomic trait affecting cotton architecture and mechanized production. Leucine-rich repeat extensins (LRXs) are cell-wall-associated proteins involved in cell-wall organization, cell elongation, and cell-wall integrity...
Wheat is a globally important food crop, and its yield is crucial for ensuring food security. Lunxuan 13 is an elite wheat variety developed by the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It has high yield potential and...
Angiosperm genomes differ from those of mammals by extensive and recursive polyploidizations. The resulting gene duplication provides opportunities both for genetic innovation, and for concerted evolution. Though most genes may escape conversion by t...
Pumilio (Pum)-family proteins are evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding proteins that regulate post-transcriptional processes; however, their specific functions in staple crops, for example, wheat (Triticum aestivum), remain poorly understood. We iden...
The Muraenidae is one of the largest and most complex anguilliform families. Despite their abundance and important ecological roles, morays are little studied, especially cytogenetically, and both their phylogenetic relationships and the taxonomy of...
The AGAMOUS-LIKE6 (AGL6) lineage is an important clade of MADS-box transcription factors that play essential roles in floral organ development. The genome of Prunus mume contains two homoeologous AGL6 genes that are replicated as gene fragments. In t...
Wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) had been a devastating foliar disease worldwide during the 20th century. With the emergence of Ug99 races, which are virulent to most stem rust resistance genes deployed in wheat variet...
WRKY transcription factors play critical roles in plant growth and development or stress responses. Using up-to-date genomic data, a total of 64 and 257 WRKY genes have been identified in the diploid woodland strawberry, Fragaria vesca, and the more...
Triticale, a man-made cereal, has been grown worldwide since the 1980s in order to replace established cereals in difficult areas, at least partially. The present cultivars are mostly hexaploid genotypes with 42 chromosomes, of genomic structure AA B...
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) globally. Utilizing resistance genes from wild relatives like Thinopyrum elongatum offers a promising approach for genetic improvement. We introgressed FHB resistance fr...
Wheat is one of the most important crops grown worldwide. Despite the fact that it accounts for only 5% of the global wheat production, durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) is a commercially important tetraploid wheat species, which origin...
The pivotal role of CBF/DREB1 transcriptional factors in Triticeae crops involved in the abiotic stress response has been highlighted. The CBFs represent an important hub in the ICE-CBF-COR pathway, which is one of the most relevant mechanisms capabl...
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