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2,188 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,132 Views
12 Pages

Failure Analysis of Transmission Tower in Full-Scale Tests

  • Xiuyun Gao,
  • Rong Yi,
  • Lingquan Zhang,
  • Xiao Jiang and
  • Jiaxiang Li

With the rapid development of Ultra-High Voltage (UHV) transmission lines, it is necessary to study the performance of UHV transmission towers. First, we performed full-scale tests on a transmission tower under seven loading patterns. Then, the test...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1,741 Views
6 Pages

The full-scale aircraft fatigue test is a critical assessment and validation of the fatigue and damage tolerance design of new aircraft models, and it is also a prerequisite for obtaining the type certification for an aircraft. The full-scale fatigue...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,361 Views
18 Pages

9 April 2024

Compared with circular, arched, and pipe-arched soil–steel structures, box-type soil–steel structures (BTSSSs) have the advantages of high cross-section utilization and low cover depth. However, the degree of influence of the crown and ha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
5,111 Views
20 Pages

Estimation Method for TBM Cutterhead Drive Design Based on Full-Scale Tunneling Tests for Application in Utility Tunnels

  • Kyoungyul Kim,
  • Jungjoo Kim,
  • Heehwan Ryu,
  • Hafeezur Rehman,
  • Turab H. Jafri,
  • Hankyu Yoo and
  • Sanggui Ha

28 July 2020

The utility tunnels used for electricity transmission are in high demand these days. The literature presents many limitations in the currently used cutterhead drive design procedure while using a shield tunnel boring machine (TBM) for the excavation...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,467 Views
17 Pages

17 January 2024

For this paper, full-scale/model test comparisons to validate the traditional atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) wind-tunnel simulation technique performed until now by the wind engineering community are systematically reviewed. The engineering backgro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,703 Views
26 Pages

6 August 2024

Urban nature-based solutions (NBSs) are widely implemented to collect, store, and infiltrate stormwater. This study addressed infiltration rate as a measure of the performance of bioretention solutions. Quick scan research was conducted, starting wit...

  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,357 Views
37 Pages

Methods and Applications of Full-Scale Field Testing for Large-Scale Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers

  • Zhonghao Dong,
  • Xiaofeng Lu,
  • Rongdi Zhang,
  • Jianbo Li,
  • Zhaoliang Wu,
  • Zhicun Liu,
  • Yanting Yang,
  • Quanhai Wang and
  • Yinhu Kang

14 February 2024

Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers offer a technically viable and environmentally friendly means for the clean and efficient utilization of solid fuels. However, the complex gas–solid two-phase flow processes within them have hindered a th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,337 Views
21 Pages

Simulation of Indoor Fire Dynamics of Residential Buildings with Full-Scale Fire Test

  • Min-Ho Moon,
  • Hyung-Jun Kim,
  • Su-Gyeong Min,
  • Sung-Chan Kim and
  • Won-Jun Park

27 April 2021

Along with simulated firefighting training, the development of virtual training systems and associated content has recently drawn attention as an alternative method for advanced firefighting training. In particular, to develop virtual training conten...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,748 Views
17 Pages

Test System Development and Experimental Study on the Fatigue of a Full-Scale Steel Catenary Riser

  • Jianxing Yu,
  • Fucheng Wang,
  • Yang Yu,
  • Xin Liu,
  • Pengfei Liu and
  • Yefan Su

19 September 2022

This paper presents a full-scale deep-water steel catenary riser fatigue test system. The proposed system can carry out fatigue tests on steel catenary risers, hoses, and subsea pipelines up to 21 m in length, ranging from 8 to 24 inches in diameter....

  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Citations
5,428 Views
15 Pages

GA-BP Neural Network-Based Strain Prediction in Full-Scale Static Testing of Wind Turbine Blades

  • Zheng Liu,
  • Xin Liu,
  • Kan Wang,
  • Zhongwei Liang,
  • José A.F.O. Correia and
  • Abílio M.P. De Jesus

15 March 2019

This paper proposes a strain prediction method for wind turbine blades using genetic algorithm back propagation neural networks (GA-BPNNs) with applied loads, loading positions, and displacement as inputs, and the study can be used to provide more da...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
6,643 Views
17 Pages

15 December 2020

The rain gardens at Bryggen in Bergen, Western Norway, is designed to collect, retain, and infiltrate surface rainfall runoff water, recharge the groundwater, and replenish soil moisture. The hydraulic infiltration capacity of the Sustainable Drainag...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,740 Views
17 Pages

Full-Scale Model Test of Subway Contact Channel under Mechanical Construction

  • Liping Fan,
  • Xibo Sun,
  • Xinfeng Ye,
  • Shuai Niu,
  • Zibo Dong,
  • Yuebao Deng and
  • Yaohong Zhu

16 September 2023

The mechanical construction method for a subway contact channel has the advantages of a short construction period and high safety, and is more and more being applied in coastal soft-soil areas. In order to explore the suitability of this method in in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,087 Views
18 Pages

Experimental and Numerical Visualisation of Subsurface Rail Deformation in a Full-Scale Wheel–Rail Test Rig

  • Timna J. Gschwandl,
  • Tristan M. Weniger,
  • Thomas Antretter,
  • David Künstner,
  • Stephan Scheriau and
  • Werner Daves

8 June 2023

To tackle the problem of various types of rail damage, such as rolling contact fatigue (RCF) or wear, a profound knowledge of the occurring mechanisms is necessary. This paper presents a newly developed full-scale test rig experiment that involves in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,777 Views
18 Pages

26 October 2022

In practical applications, the safe operation of large-diameter prestressed concrete cylinder pipes (PCCPs) depends on the loading performance under internal water pressure. However, there is lack of damage tests for the full-scale large-diameter PCC...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,249 Views
13 Pages

4 September 2025

In order to investigate the influence of different tire textures, pavement types, and vehicle parameters on the tire/road noise level and its spectrum characteristics, 19 kinds of asphalt pavement main structures of RIOHTrack full-scale test track we...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,537 Views
15 Pages

19 August 2024

Excavations for underground structures, such as working shafts, underground grain silos, and parking garages, are characterized by uniformity, consistent dimensions, large quantities, and strict timelines. Prefabricated recyclable supporting structur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
13,699 Views
15 Pages

11 July 2017

Erosion and sediment controls on construction sites minimize environmental impacts from sediment-laden stormwater runoff. Silt fence, a widely specified perimeter control practice on construction projects used to retain sediment on-site, has limited...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
978 Views
21 Pages

5 March 2025

To reduce the maintenance requirements during the service life of highway bridges and enhance the cracking resistance of concrete slabs in the hogging moment zone of continuous composite girders, this paper proposes an innovative girder-to-pier joint...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,063 Views
31 Pages

28 January 2025

Adjacent existing box girder bridges should be spliced in the long-span bridge expansion project. A type of integral splicing composite structure for connecting the adjacent flange plates is designed herein. The mechanical characteristic of the integ...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,613 Views
21 Pages

12 July 2023

Rebar cages are the skeletons of reinforced concrete structures. These temporary structures consist of longitudinal and transverse reinforcing bars connected by tie-wires. Given the relatively low strength of tie-wire connections, replacing tie-wires...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,535 Views
19 Pages

23 August 2024

The construction of buildings and infrastructure on marine deposits is challenging. The impact of the horizontal behavior of structures on reclaimed areas is critical. This study investigated the behavior of laterally loaded drilled shafts in marine...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,534 Views
16 Pages

14 June 2024

In order to study the stiffness degradation of pre-stressed concrete T-beams throughout their entire service life, full-scale destructive tests were conducted on newly constructed T-beams. The test process characterized the relationship between load...

  • Article
  • Open Access
46 Citations
12,138 Views
14 Pages

21 July 2014

Permeable pavements are a type of sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS) technique that are used around the world to infiltrate and treat urban stormwater runoff and to minimize runoff volumes. Urban stormwater runoff contains significant concentra...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Seismic Assessment of an Existing Precast Reinforced Concrete Industrial Hall Based on the Full-Scale Tests of Joints—A Case Study

  • Biljana Mladenović,
  • Andrija Zorić,
  • Dragan Zlatkov,
  • Danilo Ristic,
  • Jelena Ristic,
  • Katarina Slavković and
  • Bojan Milošević
Vibration2026, 9(1), 7;https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration9010007 
(registering DOI)

23 January 2026

Construction of precast reinforced concrete (PRC) industrial halls in seismically active areas has been increasing in recent decades. As connections are one of the most sensitive and vulnerable zones of PRC structures, there is a need to pay special...

  • Article
  • Open Access
731 Views
25 Pages

23 October 2025

Cofferdams provide dry, stable working conditions for construction in marine environments. However, conventional methods often require significant time and cost for installation and removal, and are prone to leakage. This study proposes a novel metho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,135 Views
16 Pages

20 March 2020

In this work, we present a series of hammering tests on full-scale unit-plate ballastless tracks used for long-span bridges. There is no denying that it is a new attempt to pave ballastless tracks on high-speed railway long-span bridges; the related...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,529 Views
17 Pages

7 August 2022

In order to evaluate the feasibility of using hard-grade asphalt concrete in China’s highway construction, based on the accelerated loading test of the full-scale track of the Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport (RIOHTrack), the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,042 Views
16 Pages

10 May 2023

For a wide-flanged composite box girder bridge, the risk of fatigue cracking in the external inclined strut welded joint under the fatigue vehicle load is a problem. The main purposes of this research are to verify the safety of the main bridge of th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,973 Views
13 Pages

4 March 2022

Military aircraft are subjected to variable loads, which are the main cause of initiation and propagation of cracks in the most stressed locations of the airframe. The aim of a Full-Scale Fatigue Test (FSFT) is to represent actual load conditions in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
882 Views
27 Pages

In contrast to brittle normal-strength concrete (NSC), high-performance steel-fiber-reinforced concrete (HPSFRC) provides better tensile and shear resistance, enabling enhanced bridge girder design. To achieve a balance between cost efficiency and qu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,141 Views
21 Pages

14 October 2023

When examining the history of wind engineering, it is evident that many full-scale/model test comparisons have found noticeable differences between the results. Although understanding the causes of these differences is important for practical purpose...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,916 Views
35 Pages

Development of a System for Cyclic Shear Tests on Full-Scale Walls

  • Leandro Di Gregorio,
  • Aníbal Costa,
  • Hugo Rodrigues,
  • Jorge Fonseca and
  • Alice Tavares Costa

25 June 2023

The SHS-Multirisk Project proposes a residence model that is simultaneously resistant to earthquakes and hurricanes within a specific range of magnitude to be defined in the project. It uses simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly construction...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
5,503 Views
19 Pages

Flexural Behavior of a 30-Meter Full-Scale Simply Supported Prestressed Concrete Box Girder

  • Jianqun Wang,
  • Shenghua Tang,
  • Hui Zheng,
  • Cong Zhou and
  • Mingqiao Zhu

28 April 2020

Compared with scaled-model testing, full-scale destructive testing is more reliable since the test has no size effect and can truly record the mechanical performance of the structure. However, due to the high cost, only very few full-scale destructiv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,223 Views
15 Pages

26 November 2024

This study investigated membrane fouling issues associated with the operation of a submerged ultrafiltration membrane in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) and optimized the associated chemical cleaning strategies. By analyzing the surface compo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,482 Views
17 Pages

14 December 2022

A new research scheme for a full-scale/model test comparison is proposed for effectively validating the wind tunnel pressure measurement technique in this article. With the new research scheme and using quantifiable data, future full-scale/model test...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,779 Views
12 Pages

3 September 2021

Full-scale sea trials demonstrate a ship’s performance under real operating conditions to confirm whether a ship meets its specifications and requirements. The determination of the performance through a sea trial is the most important stage in the sh...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,930 Views
15 Pages

Full-Scale Field Tests on Concrete Slabs Subjected to Close-In Blast Loads

  • María Chiquito,
  • Lina M. López,
  • Ricardo Castedo,
  • Anastasio P. Santos and
  • Alejandro Pérez-Caldentey

14 August 2023

This research evaluates the performance of different protective solutions for reinforced concrete slabs subjected to blast loading. A series of full-scale blast tests were carried out on concrete slabs at scaled distances ranging from 0.20 to 0.83 m/...

  • Article
  • Open Access
597 Views
16 Pages

18 September 2025

Steel trapezoidal profiled sheeting (STPS) is widely used in the construction industry. It is often viewed not as a structural element but as a material with its own properties, similar to bricks or masonry blocks. Consequently, to determine the load...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,435 Views
16 Pages

14 February 2021

Fires are accidents that can cause numerous human casualties in multiplexes. The simple sprinkler systems applied in South Korea employ sprinklers to protect people against residential fires, as specified by the National Fire Protection Association (...

  • Article
  • Open Access
60 Citations
5,325 Views
15 Pages

PSO-BP Neural Network-Based Strain Prediction of Wind Turbine Blades

  • Xin Liu,
  • Zheng Liu,
  • Zhongwei Liang,
  • Shun-Peng Zhu,
  • José A. F. O. Correia and
  • Abílio M. P. De Jesus

12 June 2019

The full-scale static testing of wind turbine blades is an effective means to verify the accuracy and rationality of the blade design, and it is an indispensable part in the blade certification process. In the full-scale static experiments, the strai...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,420 Views
20 Pages

Mechanical Behavior of a Composite Lightweight Slab, Consisting of a Laminated Wooden Joist and Ecological Mortar

  • Carmelo Muñoz-Ruiperez,
  • Francisco Fiol Oliván,
  • Verónica Calderón Carpintero,
  • Isabel Santamaría-Vicario and
  • Ángel Rodríguez Sáiz

5 June 2020

The investigation reported in this paper is an evaluation of the mechanical behavior of full-scale ecological mortar slabs manufactured with a mixture of expanded clay and recycled concrete aggregates. The composite mortars form a compressive layer o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
300 Views
12 Pages

18 December 2025

The widespread use of mezzanine racks in modern logistics warehouses has significantly increased fire hazards owing to the dense storage of combustibles. However, systematic full-scale studies examining the influence of shelf spacing on radiative ign...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,077 Views
25 Pages

A Calibration Study with CFD Methodology for Self-Propulsion Simulations at Ship Scale

  • Vladimir Krasilnikov,
  • Vegard Slettahjell Skjefstad,
  • Kourosh Koushan and
  • Hans Jørgen Rambech

This paper summarises the main findings from the full-scale Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analyses conducted at SINTEF Ocean on the case of MV REGAL, which is one of the benchmark vessels studied in the ongoing joint industry project JoRes. The...

  • Review
  • Open Access
20 Citations
14,504 Views
35 Pages

Fire-Resistance Testing Procedures for Construction Elements—A Review

  • Shashikant Chaturvedi,
  • Ajitanshu Vedrtnam,
  • Maged A. Youssef,
  • Martin T. Palou,
  • Gonzalo Barluenga and
  • Kishor Kalauni

24 December 2022

Fire accidents are a significant risk to human life and civil infrastructure. As a countermeasure, the regulatory bodies of different countries have established standards for evaluating the performance of construction elements during fire exposure. I...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,362 Views
30 Pages

Full-Scale Assessment of Seismic and Wind Load Performance in the Design of a Flexible Solar-Shading Double-Skin Façade

  • José Pérez-Fenoy,
  • Carlos Rivera-Gómez,
  • Jorge Roa-Fernández and
  • Carmen Galán-Marín

25 November 2023

Cable-supported façades represent a novel approach in the design and technology of double skin façades (DSFs). This type of system not only offers flexibility in terms of exterior finishes, but also regulates the access of solar radiati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,663 Views
20 Pages

Full-Scale Experimental Investigation of the Interaction between Trains and Tunnels

  • Claudio Somaschini,
  • Tommaso Argentini,
  • Elia Brambilla,
  • Daniele Rocchi,
  • Paolo Schito and
  • Gisella Tomasini

15 October 2020

This works focuses on a series of experimental tests carried out to investigate overpressures in tunnels due to train crossings. Although the above-mentioned topic is well known and also defined in European standards, in the literature full-scale dat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
311 Views
19 Pages

Full-Scale Collision Behavior of a Polyurea-Coated RC Intrusion Protection Wall for High-Speed Train Derailment

  • Luong Ngoc Nguyen,
  • Dong Hwi Im,
  • Kwang Soo Youm,
  • Jung Joong Kim and
  • Nam Hyoung Lim

4 January 2026

High-speed train derailments can cause severe vehicle collisions with rail bridges and adjacent infrastructure; however, full-scale evidence for the collision response of trackside intrusion-protection walls and for material measures that limit concr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,187 Views
24 Pages

21 September 2018

This paper presents the full-scale experimental assessment of a log-house timber wall with partial thermal insulation under in-plane compression and exposed to fire on one side. A key aspect of the current design application for log-house systems is...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
2,720 Views
20 Pages

22 August 2021

The energy transition is accompanied by developing a digital decentralized low-carbon energy infrastructure with renewable-based generating plants as its main elements. In 2020, 15 photovoltaic power plants (PVPs) with an installed capacity of 364 MW...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
831 Views
16 Pages

13 May 2025

Sludge management constitutes a significant share of the operational costs in wastewater treatment. Given the financial and bureaucratic challenges associated with implementing new technologies, process optimization often represents the most feasible...

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