The ear leaf veins are an important transport structure in the maize "source" organ; therefore, the microscopic phenotypic characteristics and genetic analysis of the leaf veins are particularly essential for promoting the breeding of ideal maize var...
Improving nitrogen use efficiency while maintaining maize productivity under rainfed conditions is an important objective of sustainable crop management. This study evaluated the residual effects of mineral nitrogen fertilization and pea–oat co...
Ear height (EH) and ear–plant height ratio (ER) are important agronomic traits in maize that directly affect nutrient utilization efficiency and lodging resistance and ultimately relate to maize yield. However, challenges in executing large-sca...
Triticum aestivum L. cv. Gazul is a spring wheat widely cultivated in Castilla y León (Spain). Potted plants were grown in a scenario emulating the climate change environmental conditions expected by the end of this century, i.e., with elevate...
Resistance breeding is the most economic method to control northern corn leaf blight (NCLB). The objectives of these studies were: To assess effects of dominant genes (Ht(s)), polygene (PG), and combinations on percent leaf area affected (PLAA), yiel...
Generating genomics-driven knowledge opens a way to accelerate the resistance breeding process by family or population mapping and genomic selection. Important prerequisites are large populations that are genomically analyzed by medium- to high-densi...
To cope with the increasing pressure from diseases and pests under climate change, the effect of 6 maize sowing dates on the plant health of an ultra-early maize variety (Pyroxenia, FAO 130) was analyzed in studies conducted from 2016 to 2018. The as...
Soil waterlogging resulting from extreme precipitation events creates anaerobic conditions that may inhibit plant growth and increase N losses. A three-year (2013–2015) field experiment was conducted in poorly-drained claypan soils to assess th...
Reliable prediction of winter bread wheat grain yield (GY) and its qualitative parameters (crude protein (CP) and wet gluten (GL) content, wet gluten yield (GLY)) requires evaluation of the plant nutritional status in the Critical Cereal Window (CCW)...
Exercise is an important performance trait in mammals and variation in aerobic capacity and/or substrate allocation during submaximal exercise may be important for survival at high altitude. Comparisons between lowland and highland populations is a f...
Poultry litter (PL) is known to have residual effects on crop productivity long after applications cease. Whether this advantage is greater if applied by subsurface vs. surface broadcast is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine whethe...
With the continuous improvement of the mechanization level and the development of new crop varieties, the optimal strip width for intercropping crops is important. In this study, field experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of different ro...
In cereals, the primary cell wall is built of a skeleton of cellulosic microfibrils embedded in a matrix of hemicelluloses and smaller amounts of pectins, glycoproteins and hydroxycinnamates. Later, during secondary wall development, p-coumaryl, coni...
Chlorophyll is an essential component that captures light energy to drive photosynthesis. Chlorophyll content can affect photosynthetic activity and thus yield. Therefore, mining candidate genes of chlorophyll content will help increase maize product...
Selecting suitable maize hybrids and appropriately increasing planting density is a crucial strategy for improving maize yield under subsurface drip irrigation. A two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the impacts of two maize hybrids (Zhe...
To investigate the effects of planting density and chemical regulation measures, as well as their interactions, on the plant morphological characteristics, stem mechanical properties, leaf anatomical structure, dry matter accumulation and allocation,...
Increasing planting density is an important practice associated with increases in maize yield, but densely planted maize can suffer from poor light conditions. In our two-year field experiments, two morphologically different cultivars, ZD958 (less co...
Nitrogen fertilizer is an important component of crop production; however, its excessive application could result in N loss that could have serious environmental concerns. Straw incorporation in the soil after crop harvest is one of the most feasible...
This paper examined impacts of drought on both physiological and dry matter characteristics of spring maize grown in Liaoning, China in 2016. We compared responses of dry matters of various parts, yield components, leaf photosynthesis, and transpirat...
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a global staple crop for food, feed and industrial use in China. As a thermophilic crop, its seedlings suffer from cold stress. Heilongjiang, China’s major maize producer, faces worsening early cold that impedes germinati...
Mid- to late-season crop protection in tall crops like corn often relies on aerial spraying, including with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, information on UAV spray consistency remains limited. This study compared spray depositions from a D...
In wheat, flag leaf, stem, chaff and awns contribute to grain filling through photosynthesis and/or re-mobilization. Environmental and genetic effects on the relative contribution of each organ were examined by analyzing the consequences of sink-sour...
Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) is a key pathogen involved in the development and progression of acne inflammation. The numerous bioactive properties of wild bitter melon (WBM) leaf extract and their medicinal applications have...
Objective: This study aimed to clarify the variation law of phenotypic traits such as the stem, leaf, flower, main branch ear and seed of Prunella vulgaris Linnaeus. (P. vulgaris), providing provide basic data support for protecting its wild germplas...
Maize is a highly versatile crop holding significant importance in global food, feed and nutritional security. Grain yield is a complex trait and difficult to improve without targeting the improvement of grain yield attributing traits, which are rela...
Water stress and weed competition emerge as pivotal stressors during the development of corn. This two-year study evaluated the effect of Amaranthus palmeri (AMAPA) on corn at varying densities (1, 2, and 4 plants per m−1) under two different i...
The critical wind speed for stalk breaking is a direct and rapid method for evaluating stalk-breaking resistance. Maize lodging resistance is determined by the plant’s wind-induced stress and the stalk’s mechanical strength, yet the facto...
Maize grain yield is considered to be highly associated with ear and leaf carbohydrate dynamics during the critical period bracketing silking and during the fast grain filling phase. However, a full understanding of how differences in N availability/...
Understanding the water status of specific organs can be helpful in evaluating the life activities and growth conditions of maize. To accurately judge organ growth conditions and thus design appropriate interventions, it is necessary to clarify the t...
Low planting density and lack of density-tolerant varieties are the critical factors limiting the yield of sweet maize in Southeast China. However, there is relatively limited information about the interaction effects of plant density and variety on...
Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient needed for normal plant growth and development. To evaluate the response of corn to foliar B applications at V4–V6 (4–6 leaves with visible collars) and VT (tasseling) growth stages on fine textured soils, a fi...
Decades after release of the first PROSPECT + SAIL (commonly called PROSAIL) versions, the model is still the most famous representative in the field of canopy reflectance modelling and has been widely used to obtain plant biochemical and structural...
The Septoria blotch is one of the most economically harmful diseases of common wheat in Russia and the world. The disease is mainly caused by two pathogen species: Zymoseptoria tritici that damages the leaves, and Parastagonospora nodorum that strike...
ZmPGP1, involved in the polar auxin transport, has been shown to be associated with plant height, leaf angle, yield traits, and root development in maize. To explore natural variation and domestication selection of ZmPGP1, we re-sequenced the ZmPGP1...
Enhancing chlorophyll retention in maize leaves and prolonging the grain-filling duration constitute critical strategies for yield improvement in agricultural production systems. This study investigated the mechanistic relationship between yield enha...
Leaf angle (LA) is a major agronomic trait of rice plant architecture, which is determined by the development of the leaf lamina joint (LJ) and closely related to plant yield. The LJ is formed by the leaf collar belt (ligule band), leaf tongue (ligul...
Background/Objectives: Plant architecture is a critical determinant of high-density tolerance and yield potential in maize (Zea mays L.), yet the genetic networks orchestrating these complex traits require deeper elucidation. Methods: In this study,...
Three super-sweet corn hybrids (Zea mays L. convar. saccharata) with different ripening characteristics were grown in three water supplies (regularly irrigated, deficit-irrigated, and unirrigated) to examine the spectral reflectance at leaf and canop...
Improving the density tolerance and planting density has great importance for increasing maize production. The key to promoting high density planting is breeding maize with a compact canopy architecture, which is mainly influenced by the angles of th...
This study assesses the impact of defoliation applied to three developmental stages across three cropping seasons from 2021 to 2023 on growth, yield and forage quality in maize. The experimental design included three treatments: defoliation of three...
The final leaf number is an important morphological characteristic of maize (Zea mays L.) and is therefore an important input parameter in some maize crop models. In this study, field experiments were conducted from 2013 to 2016 at 23 sites across Ch...
To explore the response of summer maize leaf senescence, photosynthetic characteristics, and yield to the depth of one-time base application of controlled-release urea, which provides a theoretical basis for the light and simplified production of sum...
This paper describes the physical and tensile properties of corn bracts during a whole harvest period by using two corn cultivars, aiming to realize efficient peeling with minimum energy performance and decrease the incidence of ear damage. The value...
Chlorophyll biosynthesis plays a vital role in chloroplast development and photosynthesis in plants. In this study, we identified an orthologue of the rice gene TDR (Oryza sativa L., Tapetum Degeneration Retardation) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) c...
To elucidate how exogenous regulators mitigate the impact of mechanical leaf damage on maize, field experiments were conducted on two sowing dates (S1, S2) using two cultivars (XY335, ZD958). Severe leaf damage at the six-leaf stage significantly red...
Orange leafhopper Cicadulina bipunctata feeding induces wallaby ear symptoms, namely growth suppression and gall formation characterized by severe swelling of leaf veins, on various Poaceae, thereby leading to low crop yields. Here, we investigated t...
This study examined the planting density tolerance, grain yield improvement potential, and mechanisms of high-yielding spring maize varieties under increasing planting density and subsoiling. We planted two high-yielding spring maize varieties with a...
Stalk lodging in Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize is a serious problem that reduces maize yields and precludes the use of mechanical grain harvesting equipment. In order to determine the effect of nitrogen management on the lodging resistance of maize sta...
Surface mulch is an efficient plant production technique widely used in arid and water-scarce areas. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to determine whether plastic film combined with wheat straw returning could boost grain yield of maiz...
The border row crop in strip intercropped maize is often exposed to heterogeneous light conditions, resulting in increased photosynthesis and yield decreased. Previous studies have focused on photosynthetic productivity, whereas carbon allocation cou...
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