Legal regulation and practical implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in Kazakhstan’s criminal procedure are considered within the context of judicial digital transformation. Risks arise for fundamental procedural principles, including...
The provisions of international documents that guarantee the fundamental right to freedom and security are transposed into Romanian legislation both in the Constitution and in the Code of Criminal Procedure. In this context, the present study aims to...
The literature on comparative law has a long and robust tradition, but studies comparing courts and judicial systems are scarce. Comparative studies in the Global South, following Shapiro’s institutional approach, have aimed to measure the involvemen...
15 April 2021
Sexual violence is a type of gender-based violence (GBV), as it is one of the different types of violence that is exerted against women. Sexual violence infringes fundamental human rights, and denies women’s dignity and self-determination, personal d...
The authors of the paper deal with the philosophy of the privatization of elements of criminal justice, which in the last decades influenced the development of criminal justice in European countries, including the Slovak Republic. The philosophy of p...
24 June 2021
The restorative justice (RJ) paradigm requires coherence among legal, justice, and educational systems to promote a culture of restorative dialogue with victims of violence and to reintegrate aggressors into the community. The objective of this study...
EU legislation requires the violations of animal welfare standards to be sanctioned. Our aim was to evaluate criminal sanctions concerning violations of cattle and pig welfare on Finnish farms. We analyzed 196 court cases heard in Finnish district co...
The article examines the impact of Zoroastrianism on criminal law and legal theory during the reign of the Sasanian dynasty (224–651 C.E) in late Antique Persia. This was the historic period when Zoroastrianism was also the ideology of the Iran...
In 2016, Canada legalized Bill C-14, which removed from the Criminal Code medical assistance in dying (MAID) under certain circumstances. In essence, the Bill legalized what is commonly described as euthanasia, under the provisions that the patient h...
With the frequent occurrence of drone-related criminal cases, drone forensics has become a hot spot of concern. During drone-related criminal investigations, the implicated drones are often forcibly brought down, which poses significant challenges in...
The impact of intimate partner violence on procedural justice has not received much attention in extant literature. As such, the current study uses data from the Pathways to Desistance Study to examine how elements of intimate partner violence affect...
27 May 2022
Dark Triad traits and self-control are considered viable causal precursors to antisocial and criminal outcomes in youth. The purpose of the present study is to concurrently compare how Dark Triad traits and self-control differ in terms of predicting...
12 January 2021
Trauma exposure and low self-control are robustly associated with youth antisocial/criminal problems, but the interrelation of these constructs is unclear when taking into account both traumatic events and reactions. The objective of the present stud...
Past research has associated callous-unemotional traits (CU) in young people with serious conduct problems and antisocial behavior. However, whether CU traits influence implicit attitudes toward violence remains largely unexplored. We assess this hyp...
Cognitive bias can prompt inconsistency and error in visual comparisons of forensic patterns. We tested whether bias can likewise impede attempts to identify unknown criminal perpetrators via facial recognition technology (FRT). Participants (N = 149...
Fighting crime in cyberspace requires law enforcement authorities to immerse in a digital ocean of vast amount of information and also to acquire and objectify the evidence of criminal activity. Handling digital evidence is a complex and multifaceted...
Studies conducted worldwide indicate that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are among the most intense and frequent sources of stress, considerably influencing mental and physical health while also resulting in risk behaviors in adulthood. Methodo...
The 2021 amendment to South Korea’s Criminal Procedure Law has significantly enhanced the role of the police as investigative authorities. Consequently, there is a heightened demand for advanced investigative expertise among the police, driven...
Electronic evidence is an essential component in most legal trials of criminal activities, and digital forensics is therefore a crucial support for law enforcement investigations. For instance, a wide range of electronic devices contain Not AND (NAND...
Digital evidence plays a crucial role in cybercrime investigations by linking individuals to criminal activities. Data collection, preservation, and analysis can benefit from emerging technologies like blockchain to provide a secure, distributed ledg...
Collection and interpretation of “touch DNA” from crime scenes represent crucial steps during criminal investigations, with clear consequences in courtrooms. Although the main aspects of this type of evidence have been extensively studied...
Law enforcement authorities deal with terrorism in two ways: prevention and legal procedures to establish the offence of forming a terrorist organization. Setting up the offence of a terrorist organization requires proof that the members of the organ...
Framing sex trafficking as primarily a law enforcement and criminal justice issue, the U.S. State Department funds global South NGOs to work with the Indian legal system to strengthen prosecutions of sex trafficking cases. Though rescuing sex workers...
The aim of this study was to compare the types, textile structures, labels, and fiber compositions of 64 red garments submitted as evidence in selected criminal cases between 2022 and 2024. The research enhanced the current knowledge of the character...
Criminal investigations aiming to track the route walked by missing persons and fugitives (MPFs) usually involve intelligence analysts, military planners, experts in mobile forensics, traditional investigative methods, and sniffer dog handlers. Nonet...
21 December 2021
This article focuses on the importance of the right to effective participation of children in conflict with the law in criminal (youth justice) proceedings. In particular, it explores two procedural aspects which are closely related to the right to c...
Protecting animal welfare during preslaughter handling and slaughter is an important ethical concern with growing importance to consumers. However, animal welfare violations in abattoirs remain a serious problem, and the enforcement of relevant laws...
The introduction of ‘special measures’ within England and Wales (i.e., provisions for vulnerable and intimidated witnesses at court) marked a significant change in legal tradition and trial procedures such that victim and witness care was...
Whether forensic disciplines have established foundational validity—sufficient empirical evidence that a method reliably produces a predictable level of performance—has become a question of growing interest among scientists and legal prof...
This essay brings psychoanalytic theory on trauma together with film and television criticism on rape narrative in an analysis of Michael Coel’s 2020 series I May Destroy You. Beyond the limited carceral framework of the police procedural, whic...
Violence is a complex and multifaceted problem requiring a holistic and individualized response. The Good Lives Model (GLM) suggests violence occurs when an individual experiences internal and external obstacles in the pursuit of universal human need...
High-resolution remote-sensing images can be used in human activity analysis and criminal activity monitoring, especially in sparsely populated zones. In this paper, we explore the applicability of China’s Gaofen satellite images in the land co...
The criminological approach to relapse is based, on the one hand, on the theories that explain the risk of relapse, including the risk level assessment tools, and on the other hand, on the rehabilitation theories—the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR...
Police and various security services use video analysis for securing public space, mass events, and when investigating criminal activity. Due to a huge amount of data supplied to surveillance systems, some automatic data processing is a necessity. In...
With the growth of female inmates worldwide, research regarding specific treatment of these has become more important. Although new programs have been started, the lack of scientific results is startling. The goal of the current study was to identify...
Anesthesiologists consider professional insurance and its medico-legal problems as a remarkable aspect of their job. “Associazione Anestesisti Rianimatori Ospedalieri Italiani—Emergenza ed Area Critica” (AAROI-EMAC) is the Italian professional associ...
Due to contemporary communication trends, the amount of multimedia data created and transferred in 5G networks has reached record levels. Multimedia applications communicate an enormous quantity of images containing private data that tend to be attac...
18 September 2025
Impulsivity and compulsivity are key transdiagnostic constructs implicated in addictive and criminal behaviors, often overlapping under the broader concept of behavioral dysregulation. While impulsivity has been widely assessed using experimental tas...
The emergence and fast development of carbon dots (CDs) provide an unprecedented opportunity for applications in the field of photoelectricity, but their practicability still suffers from complicated synthesis procedures and the substrate dependence...
DNA analysis plays a crucial role in forensic investigations, helping in criminal cases, missing persons inquiries, and archaeological research. This study focuses on the DNA concentration in different skeletal elements to improve human identificatio...
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had tremendous and extensive impacts on the people’s daily activities. In Chicago, the numbers of crime fell considerably. This work aims to investigate the impacts that COVID-19 has had on the spa...
More than 10-billion physical items are being linked to the internet to conduct activities more independently and with less human involvement owing to the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. IoT networks are considered a source of identifiable data...
Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently being developed by large corporations, and governments all over the world are yearning for it. AI isn’t a futuristic concept; it is already here, and it is being implemented in a range of industries. Fi...
Gender equality and the prohibition of discrimination are not only one of the fundamental human rights, but also a necessary basis for achieving sustainable development. Kazakhstan’s global rankings for gender equality in recent years show a st...
Chemical pesticides are widely used in Cameroon for agricultural production. In 2015, more than 600 pesticide products were approved for use in various foodstuffs. Much misuse of these chemicals by farmers has been documented in rural and urban setti...
Deception detection is considered a concern for all individuals in their everyday lives, as it greatly affects human interactions. While multiple automatic lie detection systems exist, their accuracy still needs to be improved. Additionally, the lack...
Airports need high security procedures, especially for preventing outbreaks of infectious diseases spread by passenger and carried goods. Outbreaks of disease form real threat to national defense that can endanger national sovereignty, territorial in...
This paper presents a procedural method aimed at protecting maritime critical infrastructure, which is essential for the functioning of developed nations. A novel approach, developed by the authors, is introduced—focusing on the behavioral anal...
In this study, the presence of 11-nor-Δ9-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in postmortem fluid obtained from the chest cavity (FCC) of postmortem cases collected from drug-related fatalities or criminal-related deaths in Jeddah, Saudi Ara...
The evidence that burglaries cluster spatio-temporally is strong. However, research is unclear on whether clustered burglaries (repeats/near-repeats) should be treated as qualitatively different crimes compared to spatio-temporally unrelated burglari...
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