Passive microwave remote sensing provides indispensable observations for constructing long-term snow depth records, which are critical for climatology, hydrology, and operational applications. Nevertheless, despite decades of snow depth monitoring, s...
Oil spills on the sea surface have caused serious harm to the marine ecological environment and coastal environment. Oil film thickness (OFT) is an important parameter for estimating oil spills amount, and accurate quantification of OFT is of great s...
The cloud index is a key parameter of the Heliosat method. This method is widely used to calculate solar irradiance on the Earth’s surface from Meteosat visible channel images. Moreover, cloud index images are the basis of short-term forecasting of s...
We proposed a cloud discrimination method applicable in Japan using MODIS nighttime data, monitored the singularity of the spatiotemporal correlation of surface temperature anomalies and investigated the possibility of detecting and monitoring lava a...
Surface downward longwave radiation (DLR) is a crucial component in Earth’s surface energy balance. Yu et al. (2013) developed a parameterization for retrieving clear-sky DLR at high spatial resolution by combined use of satellite thermal infra...
An outdoor experiment was conducted to measure the thickness of oil films (0~3000 μm) using an airborne hyperspectral imager and thermal infrared imager, and the spectral response and thermal response of oil films of different thicknesses were ana...
Fog degrades horizontal visibility causing significant adverse impacts on transport systems. The detection of fog from satellite data remains challenging especially in the presence of higher clouds, dust, mist, or unknown underlying soil conditions....
Satellite remote sensing plays an important role in wildfire detection. Methods using the brightness and temperature difference of remote sensing images to determine if a wildfire has occurred are one of the main research directions of forest fire mo...
The SSS (sea surface salinity) is an important factor affecting global climate changes, sea dynamic environments, global water cycles, marine ecological environments, and ocean carbon cycles. Satellite remote sensing is a practical way to observe SSS...
Satellite observations of brightness temperature from the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) and Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) humidity sounding channels can provide relatively high horizontal resolution information about cloud and atmos...
The snow temperature above the ice sheet is one of the basic characteristic parameters of the ice sheet, which plays an important role in the study of the global climate. Because infrared and microwaves with different frequencies have different penet...
In a combined experimental and model study, we investigated effects of surface topography (relief) on the thermal L-band emission of a sandy soil. To this end, brightness temperatures of two adjacent footprint areas were measured quasi-simultaneously...
A study was conducted to determine the age dependence of the temperature of the low back in the region of the five lumbar vertebrae by using passive microwave radiometry (MWR). The rationale for the study is that the infrared brightness on which the...
Synthetic aperture imaging radiometers (SAIRs) are powerful passive microwave systems for high-resolution imaging by use of synthetic aperture technique. However, the ill-posed inverse problem for SAIRs makes it difficult to reconstruct the high-prec...
In this study, we compare the data of the advanced geostationary radiation imager (AGRI) on board the FY-4B and the advanced meteorological imager (AMI) on board the GK-2A, in terms of overall data, different reflectivity/brightness temperature inter...
The Calibration Microwave Radiometer (CMR) is a three-band radiometer deployed on the HY-2C satellite in a near-Earth orbit, and since it launched, there are few studies presented on the performance of CMR to date. Therefore, this paper focuses on pr...
To assess the quality of the retrieved products from ground-based microwave radiometers, the “clear-sky” Level-2 data (LV2) products (profiles of atmospheric temperature and humidity) filtered through a radiometer in Beijing during the 24 months from...
Flying in a non-Sun-synchronous orbit, RapidScat is the first scatterometer capable of measuring ocean vector winds over the full diurnal cycle, instead of observing a given location at a fixed time of day. The non-Sun-synchronous orbit also enables...
The relationship between urban land surface material fractions (ULSMFs) and brightness temperature has long attracted attention in research on urban environments. In this paper, a multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA) method was applie...
Two new parameters (W6H and W6V) were defined that represent brightness temperature increments for different low-frequency channels due to ocean wind. We developed a new wind speed retrieval model inside hurricanes based on W6H and W6V using brightne...
The FY-3E/HIRAS-II (Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder-II), as an infrared hyperspectral instrument onboard the world’s first early morning polar-orbiting satellite, plays a major role in improving the accuracy and timeliness of global...
This paper describes the benefits of using a microwave radiative transfer model (RTM) to improve the inter-satellite radiometric calibration (XCAL) between two independent satellite microwave radiometers. Because this work was sponsored by the NASA G...
Infrared imaging is based on thermal radiation and does not rely on visible light, allowing for it to operate normally at night and in low-light conditions. This characteristic is beneficial for regulatory authorities to monitor ships. Existing infra...
Thermal aging of polymer matrix composites exert significant influence on their properties and applications. This paper studied the color changes and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate (GF-PC) composites after aging at diff...
Background: To evaluate colour stability in artificial saliva by mechanically simulating brushing between in-house 3D-printed resin brackets (IH3DBs) and commercially available brackets. Methods: The samples consist of four sets of ten aesthetic brac...
Wave velocity under different pressure and temperature (PT) conditions plays an important role in the exploration of oil and gas reservoirs. We obtained the mineral composition and porosity of 20 underground sandstone and mudstone samples in Yinggeha...
Ice clouds play a critical role in the balance of the earth–atmosphere radiation system, but there are some limitations in the existing remote sensing methods for ice clouds. Terahertz wave is expected to be the best waveband for retrieving ice cloud...
This paper points out the shortcomings of existing normalization methods, and proposes a brightness temperature inversion normalization method for multi-source remote sensing monitoring of forest fires. This method can satisfy both radiation normaliz...
In this study, we address the variations of bare soil surface microwave brightness temperatures and evaluate the performance of a dielectric mixing model over the desert of Kuwait. We use data collected in a field survey and data obtained from NASA S...
A novel Portable L-band radiometer (PoLRa), compatible with tower-, vehicle- and drone-based platforms, can provide gridded soil moisture estimations from a few meters to several hundred meters yet its retrieval accuracy has rarely been examined. Thi...
Detection of an active fire in an image scene relies on an accurate estimation of the background temperature of the scene, which must be compared to the observed temperature, to decide on the presence of fire. The expected background temperature of a...
Accurate prediction of sea surface emission is the key for sea surface salinity retrieval from satellite microwave radiometer. In order to retrieve salinity from satellite observation, several sea surface microwave emission models have been developed...
The Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) presents unique challenges to the determination of melt onset (MO) using remote sensing data. High spatial resolution data is required to discern melt onset among the islands and narrow waterways of the region. C...
The minimum brightness temperature (mBT) of seawater in the polar region is an important parameter in algorithms for determining sea ice concentration or snow depth. To estimate the mBT of seawater at 6.925 GHz for the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans and...
The characteristics of convective clouds on infrared brightness temperature (BTIR) and brightness temperature difference (BTD) image were analyzed using successive Infrared and Visible Spin-Scan Radiometer (VISSR) data of FY-2, and an integrated dete...
Submillimeter wave radiometers are promising remote sensing tools for sounding ice cloud parameters. The Ice Cloud Imager (ICI) aboard the second generation of the EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS−SG) is the first operational submillimeter wave radio...
In the pulp and paper industry, the white liquor obtained from the causticizing green liquor in the smelting process mostly contains NaOH and Na2S. These chemicals are returned to the digester for reuse in the pulping process. The lime mud (LM) mater...
The need to monitor specific areas for different applications requires high spatial and temporal resolution. This need has led to the proliferation of ad hoc systems on board nanosatellites, drones, etc. These systems require low cost, low power cons...
Here we address an important roadblock that prevents the use of bright fluorescent nanoparticles as individual ratiometric sensors: the possible variation of fluorescence spectra between individual nanoparticles. Ratiometric measurements using flores...
As numerical weather forecasting advances, there is a growing demand for higher-quality atmospheric data. Hyperspectral instruments can capture more atmospheric information and increase vertical resolution, but there has been limited research into re...
Microwave emissions at the L-band (1–2 GHz) in Antarctica are characterized by a significant contribution of ice layers at great depth, from hundreds to a thousand meters. Brightness temperatures, thus, could provide the internal temperature of...
Non-centrifugal cane sugar (NCS) is produced from sugarcane syrup via thermal evaporation. This study aimed to assess the effects of different temperatures during the evaporation process on the physicochemical characteristics and Maillard reaction pr...
In the present study, soil moisture assimilation is conducted over the Indian subcontinent, using the Noah Land Surface Model (LSM) and the Soil Moisture Operational Products System (SMOPS) observations by utilizing the Ensemble Kalman Filter. The st...
A framework is proposed for understanding the efficacy of the microwave radiative transfer model (RTM) of soil moisture with different support scales, seasonality (time), hydroclimates, and aggregation (scaling) methods. In this paper, the sensitivit...
The bright band (BB) is an important symbol of the ice–water transition zone in stratiform precipitation, and the presence or absence of BB will lead to different microphysical processes. In this paper, the characteristics of BB and precipitati...
Severe hailstorms frequently occurred in Beijing between May and August 2021, leading to extensive hail damage. These hailstorms were observed by radar and satellite data, and reported by surface observers. In this study, the spectral and cloud micro...
The absolute radiometric accuracy of the Fengyun 3D advanced Medium Resolution Spectral Imager (FY3D MERSI-II) thermal infrared bands was evaluated using the collected field measurements and atmospheric transfer simulations during 16–22 August 2019 a...
Microwave radiometers are vital for global ocean observations, yet they are prone to errors from radio frequency interference, sun glint, and other contamination. This paper focuses on the newly launched Chinese FY-3G satellite’s Microwave Radi...
To date, there is no long-term, stable, and uncertainty-quantified dataset of upper tropospheric humidity (UTH) that can be used for climate research. As intermediate step towards the overall goal of constructing such a climate data record (CDR) of U...
Passive microwave remote sensing is one of the most promising techniques for soil moisture retrieval. However, the inversion of soil moisture from brightness temperature observations is not straightforward, as it is influenced by numerous factors suc...
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