Nucleic acid chemistry is a huge research area that has received new impetus due to the recent explosive success of oligonucleotide therapy. In order for an oligonucleotide to become clinically effective, its monomeric parts are subjected to modifica...
Numerous types of oligonucleotide modifications have been developed since automated synthesis of DNA/RNA became a common instrument in the creation of synthetic oligonucleotides. Despite the growing number of types of oligonucleotide modifications un...
Deficient stability towards nuclease-mediated degradation is one of the most relevant tasks in the development of oligonucleotide-derived biomedical agents. This hurdle can be overcome through modifications to the native oligonucleotide backbone stru...
Over the past decades, peptide nucleic acid/DNA (PNA:DNA) duplex stability has been improved via backbone modification, often achieved via introducing an amino acid side chain at the α- or γ-position in the PNA sequence. It was previously shown that...
This review provides a fresh overview of non-canonical amino acids and their applications in the design of peptidomimetics. Non-canonical amino acids appear widely distributed in nature and are known to enhance the stability of specific secondary str...
This review covers studies which exploit triazole-modified nucleic acids in the range of chemistry and biology to medicine. The 1,2,3-triazole unit, which is obtained via click chemistry approach, shows valuable and unique properties. For example, it...
Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is an endemic protozoan disease widespread in the sub-Saharan region that is caused by T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense. The development of molecules targeting rhodesain, the main cysteine protease of T. b. rh...
Despite various advantages, opioid peptides have been limited in their therapeutic uses due to the main drawbacks in metabolic stability, blood-brain barrier permeability, and bioavailability. Therefore, extensive studies have focused on overcoming t...
A peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a synthetic nucleic acid mimic in which the sugar-phosphate backbone is replaced by a peptide backbone. PNAs hybridize to complementary DNA and RNA with higher affinity and superior sequence selectivity compared to DNA...
The RNA interference pathway (RNAi) is a specific and powerful biological process, triggered by small non-coding RNA molecules and involved in gene expression regulation. In this work, we explored the possibility of increasing the biological stabilit...
Glycopolymers are functional polymers with saccharide moieties on their side chains and are attractive candidates for biomaterials. Postpolymerization modification can be employed for the synthesis of glycopolymers. Activated esters are useful in var...
Traditional macrocyclic molecules encode recognition sites in their structural backbones, which limits the variation of the recognition sites and thus, would restrict the adjustment of recognition properties. Here, we report a new oligoamide-based ma...
Boolean structural measures were introduced to explain the high performance of conflict-driven clause-learning (CDCL) SAT solvers on industrial SAT instances. Those considered in this study include measures related to backbones and backdoors: backbon...
Hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogels are very commonly applied as cell carriers for different approaches in regenerative medicine. HA itself is a well-studied biomolecule that originates from the physiological extracellular matrix (ECM) of mammalians...
Here, we investigate a three-dimensional Schrödinger equation that generalizes the standard framework by incorporating geometric constraints. Specifically, the equation is adapted to account for a backbone structure exhibiting memory effects dependen...
Glycol chitosan (GC) and its derivatives have been extensively investigated as safe and effective drug delivery carriers because of their unique physiochemical and biological properties. The reactive functional groups such as the amine and hydroxyl g...
Phosphine-sulfonate based palladium and nickel catalysts have been extensively studied in ethylene polymerization and copolymerization reactions. Previously, the majority of the research works focused on the modifications of the substituents on the p...
Nucleic acids play a central role in human biology, making them suitable and attractive tools for therapeutic applications. While conventional drugs generally target proteins and induce transient therapeutic effects, nucleic acid medicines can achiev...
The remarkable and unique characteristics of polyglycerols (PG) have made them an attractive candidate for many applications in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. The presence of multiple hydroxy groups on the flexible polyether backbone not o...
Commercial metathesis polynorbornene is used for the fabrication of high-damping coatings and bulk materials that dissipate vibration and impact energies. Functionalization of this non-polar polymer can improve its adhesive, gas barrier, and other pr...
Four pyrene-functionalized polyacetylenes were designed and prepared through a typical post-polymerization modification route, which is the highly efficient reaction between activated ester and primary anime groups. The chemical structures of the res...
This editorial is a brief introduction to the Special Issue of “Biological Efficacy of Natural and Chemically Modified Products against Oral Inflammatory Lesions”. From the natural resources and chemical modifications of the backbone stru...
Chitosan (CS) is a natural biopolymer that has gained great interest in many research fields due to its promising biocompatibility, biodegradability, and favorable mechanical properties. The versatility of this low-cost polymer allows for a variety o...
Naturally occurring phospholipids, such as phosphatidyl glycerol (PG), are gaining interest due to the roles they play in disease mechanisms. To elucidate the metabolism of PG, an optically pure material is required, but this is unfortunately not com...
Biodegradable polymers are desirable to mitigate the environmental impact of plastic waste in the environment. Over the past several decades, the development of organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization (OROP) has made the synthesis of many new typ...
Simple load forecasting and overload prediction models, such as LSTM and XGBoost, are unable to handle the increasing amount of data in power systems. Recently, various foundation models (FMs) for time series analysis have been proposed, which can be...
This Special Issue highlights multiple facets of virus engineering, ranging from the dissection of the biological properties of individual viral functions in the context of safe genomic backbones, virus genetic modification for applications in gene t...
DNA phosphorothioate (PT) modification is a novel modification that occurs on the DNA backbone, which refers to a non-bridging phosphate oxygen replaced by sulfur. This exclusive DNA modification widely distributes in bacteria but has not been found...
Peptoids, or poly-N-substituted glycines, are characterised by broad structural diversity. Compared to peptides, they are less restricted in rotation and lack backbone-derived H bonding. Nevertheless, certain side chains force the peptoid backbone in...
Lipophilic oligonucleotide conjugates represent a powerful tool for nucleic acid cellular delivery, and many methods for their synthesis have been developed over the past few decades. In the present study, a number of chemical approaches for the synt...
In this work, an Eu3+-MOF-253@Au electrochemiluminescence sensor was successfully constructed for the first time by encapsulating nanogold in the metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) backbone and pore channels, and assembling Eu3+ on the MOF backbon...
This paper presents the general synthesis of a comprehensive group of P-chiral phosphinyl derivatives with a natural coumarin-type motif. A chiral substituent was attached at the third position of the coumarin molecule via the Knoevenagel procedure u...
A new class of alkyl- and perfluoroalkyl-containing urea and amide derivatives was synthesized from amino acid derivatives. Most of these compounds showed excellent gelation behavior in organic solvents at low concentrations. A few organogelators sel...
Marine fouling on concrete has become one of the severest problems that damage the surface and even cause internal corrosion of marine concrete. Dissimilarly to the previous abuse of toxic antifoulants, developing hydrophobic waterborne antifouling m...
The mechanical and surface properties of aramid fiber were simultaneously improved by grafting with 1,4-dichlorobutane in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). 1,4-dichlorobutane was penetrated and reacted with heterocyclic an aromatic polyamide back...
As a potential replacement for petroleum-based plastics, biodegradable bio-based polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) have received much attention in recent years. PLA is a biodegradable polymer with major applications in packaging and medicine....
An artificial leaf is a concept that not only replicates the processes taking place during natural photosynthesis but also provides a source of clean, renewable energy. One important part of such a device are molecules that stabilize the connection b...
This paper presents a novel architecture for detecting mathematical formulas in document images, which is an important step for reliable information extraction in several domains. Recently, Cascade Mask R-CNN networks have been introduced to solve ob...
Linear and nonlinear rheological features and electrical conductivity of two nanocomposite systems based on polypropylene/multiwall carbon nanotubes (PP/MWCNT) are investigated. The nanocomposites were irradiated with an electron beam following two d...
Nucleic acid aptamers are short RNA- or DNA-based affinity reagents typically selected from combinatorial libraries to bind to a specific target such as a protein, a small molecule, whole cells or even animals. Aptamers have utility in the developmen...
Thieno[3,2-b]thiophenes are used as key components in optoelectronic materials, porous hydrogen-storage hosts, organic solar cells, and polymer semiconductors. A step-efficient synthetic protocol was proposed herein for obtaining multisubstituted thi...
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are commonly modified to increase their cellular uptake, alter the mechanism of penetration or enhance their endosomal release. Earlier, we described the internalization enhancement ability of the 4-((4-(dimethylamino...
The proposed method for tire specification character recognition based on the YOLOv5 network aimed to address the low efficiency and accuracy of the current character recognition methods. The approach involved making three major modifications to the...
Polybenzimidazoles (PBIs) are recognized for their remarkable thermal stability due to their unique molecular structure, which is characterized by aromaticity and rigidity. Despite their remarkable thermal attributes, their tensile properties limit t...
The detection of equipment defects in substations is crucial for maintaining the normal operation of power systems. This paper proposes an object detection algorithm for substation equipment defect detection based on improvements to the YOLOv8 model....
Redox moieties, which are present in the molecular backbone of humic substances (HS), govern their antioxidant properties. We hypothesized that a directed modification of the humic backbone via incorporation of redox moieties with known redox propert...
Organic single crystals that combine mechanical flexibility and optical properties are important for developing flexible optical devices, but examples of such crystals remain scarce. Both mechanical flexibility and optical activity depend on the unde...
The natural anionic polyelectrolyte alginate and its derivatives are of particular interest for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Most interesting for such applications are alginate hydrogels, which can be processed into various shapes, sel...
In the last three decades, oligonucleotides have been extensively investigated as probes, molecular ligands and even catalysts within therapeutic and diagnostic applications. The narrow chemical repertoire of natural nucleic acids, however, imposes r...
Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) are covalent changes to amino acids that occur after protein synthesis, including covalent modifications on side chains and peptide backbones. Many PTMs profoundly impact cellular and molecular functions and st...
of 7