The aim of the study was to compare the antioxidant activity and polyphenol content in extracts prepared from freeze-dried leaves of three apple cultivars: Ligol, Gala, and Gloster, using different solvents and extraction methods. The content of tota...
Phlorizin is a plant-derived molecule with relevant anti-diabetic activity, making this compound a potential functional component in nutraceutical formulations for the management of glycemia. It is noteworthy that promising sources for the extraction...
Apple trees (Malus domestica Borgh) are a rich source of dihydrochalcones, phenolic acids and flavonoids. Considering the increasing demand for these phytochemicals with health-benefitting properties, the objective of this study was to evaluate the p...
Polyphenolic compounds, plant secondary metabolites essential for plant survival, are known for their high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, several polyphenols, such as phloretin, also have potential antiviral effects, making...
Light availability and distribution play an important role in every ecosystem as these affect a variety of ecosystem processes and functions. To estimate light availability and distribution, light simulations can be used. Many previous models were ba...
Apples are known to be a rich source of phenolic compounds, however detailed studies about their content in the individual parts of apple trees are reported rarely. For this purpose, we tested various stationary phases for the determination of phenol...
The effective and rapid detection of Fire Blight, an important bacterial disease caused by the quarantine pest E.amylovora, is crucial for today’s horticulture. This study explored the application of non-invasive proximal hyperspectral remote sensing...
Contemporary trends in horticulture are aimed at limiting the use of mineral fertilizers to the necessary minimum, which is to guarantee adequate profitability of production while maintaining high-quality fruit and at the same time preventing environ...
Anthocyanins are severity indicators for apple mosaic disease and can be used to monitor tree health. However, most of the current studies have focused on healthy leaves, and few studies have estimated the anthocyanin content in diseased leaves. In t...
The technology of producing fruits containing an increased amount of elements essential for the health of the human body, including silicon, has become very important in recent years. Due to the popularity of apple tree cultivation in Europe, appropr...
In this study, we used apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv. Rubin grafts on dwarfing P60 rootstock. Our planting scheme was single rows with 1.25 m between trees and 3.5 m between rows. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of canopy t...
In order to solve the problem of water waste and environmental pollution in arid and semiarid areas, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different water and nitrogen treatments on the growth of apple leaves, photosynthetic physiology, nutr...
Molybdenum (Mo) is an important nutrient participating in nitrogen, sulfur, iron, and copper metabolism, as well as a cofactor in the biosynthesis of auxin and abscisic acid. Apple leaf Mo seasonality and periods of apple tree demand remain unclear d...
One of the most important factors affecting photosynthesis and metabolism is light absorbance by leaves and penetration through the canopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density and tree development stages on photosy...
Apple mold heart disease, primarily caused by Trichothecium roseum, is the most severe disease affecting stored apples. Developing biocontrol resources as an alternative to chemical pesticides is crucial for the advancement of green agriculture. This...
Both mycorrhizal and Trichoderma spp. fungi are known for antagonistic effects against certain biological pathogens causing apple replant disease (ARD). The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the bioinoculants based on endomycorrhiz...
The aim of the research was to determine selected biochemical and physical characteristics and yielding of fruits in apple varieties (Malus domestica Borkh) such as Gala Schniga, Beni Shogun (Fuji) and Ligol, M.9 rootstock growing in the Wielkopolska...
The heavy blooming of apple trees results in the inefficient usage of energy and nutritional material, and additional expenditure on fruitlet thinning is required to maintain fruit quality. A possible solution for controlling the fruit load on trees...
Accurate nitrogen fertilizer management determines the yield and quality of fruit trees, but there is a lack of multispectral UAV-based nitrogen fertilizer monitoring technology for orchards. Therefore, in this study, a field experiment was conducted...
Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem is a tertiary relict tree species and a rare and valuable resource for germplasm conservation. Since 1995, its wild forest has been severely destroyed by a devastating wood-boring beetle Agrilus mali Matsumura (Coleop...
The anthocyanins in apple leaves can indicate their growth status, and the health of apple leaves not only reveals the nutritional supply of the apple tree but also reflects the quality of the fruit. Therefore, real-time monitoring of anthocyanins in...
How soil is used affects its production characteristics in the future. Under ARD (Apple Replant Disease) conditions, replanted soil’s physical, chemical and biological properties deteriorate. Their improvement is possible through, for example,...
The apple tree (Malus × domestica Borkh.) belongs to the Rosaceae. Due to its adaptability and tolerance to different soil and climatic conditions, it is cultivated worldwide for fresh consumption. The priorities of apple growers are high-quali...
Besides apple mosaic virus (ApMV), apple necrotic mosaic virus (ApNMV) has also been found to be associated with apple mosaic disease. Both viruses are unevenly distributed throughout the plant and their titer decreases variably with high temperature...
Early diagnosis and accurate identification of apple tree leaf diseases (ATLDs) can control the spread of infection, to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, improve the yield and quality of apple, and maintain the healthy developmen...
The proper use of potassium fertilizer can stimulate a significant yield increase. However, the application of excessively high rates of potassium can reduce the availability of soil calcium for apple trees. The potassium fertigation rate must meet t...
Apple scab poses a significant threat to wild apple orchards in the Ili region of Xinjiang, yet the pathogen responsible and its disease dynamics remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify the causal agent of apple scab in wild apples and...
Viscum album L. subsp. album is a hemiparasitic plant that is recognized as a medicinal plant due to its beneficial effects, including anti-tumor activity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatotoxic, hypoglycemic, and antimicrobial properties a...
The effect of beneficial soil fungi, bacteria and mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the level and species composition of weed infestation, uptake of macronutrients by weeds and the nutritional status of ‘Sampi...
The chlorophyll content is an important index reflecting the growth status and nutritional level of plants. The rapid, accurate and nondestructive monitoring of the SPAD content of apple trees can provide a basis for large-scale monitoring and scient...
Nursery material intended for establishing intensive apple orchards should be characterised by a dominant and straight leader with an appropriate number of shoots that develop at the right height and are regularly spaced along the leader. The use of...
The mosaic leafhopper, Orientus ishidae (Matsumura), is an Asian species widespread in Europe that can cause leaf damage in wild trees and transmit disease phytoplasmas to grapevines. Following an O. ishidae outbreak reported in 2019 in an apple orch...
Alternaria leaf blight has recently been described as an emerging fungal disease of apple trees which is causing the significant damage in the apple-growing areas of Tianshui and Jingning, Gansu, China. In the present study, the pathogen species invo...
The rapid and accurate estimation of the nitrogen content of fruit trees helps to achieve a precise management of orchards. Hyperspectral data were collected from leaves of apple tree canopies at different fertility stages through field experiments t...
The high nutritional and medicinal value of apples has contributed to their widespread cultivation worldwide. Unfavorable factors in the healthy growth of trees and extensive orchard work are threatening the profitability of apples. This study review...
Using agricultural gypsum promotes nutrient descent and generates a less aggressive environment for roots, favoring their development and better use of water and nutrients. However, studies on apple trees are scarce, and there is no official recommen...
Improving apple peel color has been an important objective in apple production. To better understand the effect and mechanism of the combined application of urea and FA (fulvic acid) regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis, a field experiment was perf...
The apple target recognition algorithm is one of the core technologies of the apple picking robot. However, most of the existing apple detection algorithms cannot distinguish between the apples that are occluded by tree branches and occluded by other...
Apple foliar diseases are a group of diseases that affect the leaves of apple trees. These diseases can significantly impact apple tree health and fruit yield. Ordinary apple foliar diseases include frog_eye_leaf_spots, powdery mildew, rust, apple sc...
This research demonstrates the basic elements of a prototype automated orchard sprayer which delivers pesticide spray selectively with respect to the characteristics of the targets. The density of an apple tree canopy was detected by PROWAVE 400EP250...
There is little information about the role of red and blue light on leaf morphology and physiology in fruit trees, and more studies have been developed in herbaceous plants grown under controlled light conditions. The objective of this research was t...
Rootstock selection and crop load adjustment are key practices in apple orchard management; nevertheless, the effects of rootstocks and crop load levels on important physiological processes of the scions, such as photosynthetic performance and carboh...
Apple canker disease, also named as apple Valsa canker, is one of the most destructive diseases for apples (Malus domestica Borkh.). Cytospora/Valsa spp. are the dominant causal agent of this disease, but many studies have revealed that fungi from so...
13C discrimination (Δ13C) has been used in research as an indicator of water availability in crops; however, few data are available concerning fruit trees. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of irrigation on the Δ13C values o...
Precise photogrammetric mapping of preharvest conditions in an apple orchard can help determine the exact position and volume of single apple fruits. This can help estimate upcoming yields and prevent losses through spatially precise cultivation meas...
As a fruit tree with great economic value, apple is widely cultivated in China. However, apple leaf spot disease causes significant damage to apple quality and economic value. In our study, we found that MdMYB6-like is a transcription factor without...
Yield monitoring systems in fruit production mostly rely on color features, making the discrimination of fruits challenging due to varying light conditions. The implementation of geometric and radiometric features in three-dimensional space (3D) anal...
One of the most important nutrients needed for fruit tree growth is nitrogen. For orchards to get targeted, well-informed nitrogen fertilizer, accurate, large-scale, real-time monitoring, and assessment of nitrogen nutrition is essential. This study...
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is a widely cultivated fruit tree species valued for its nutritional and sensory properties. The global market is dominated by a limited number of cultivars selected for appearance, shelf life, and consumer preference....
Powdery mildew is an apple disease caused by the obligate trophic fungus Podosphaera leucotricha. Basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors play important roles in plant development and stress responses, and they have been widel...
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