The electrochemical urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is crucial for determining industrial and commercial applications of urea-based energy conversion devices. However, the performance of UOR is limited by the dynamic complex of the six-electron transfe...
Transition metal-based catalysts designed for efficient urea oxidation reactions (UOR) are essential for hydrogen production via urea-assisted water electrolysis. A series of amorphous nickel–cobalt boride catalysts supported on nickel foam wer...
Nickel-based catalysts are regarded as the most excellent urea oxidation reaction (UOR) catalysts in alkaline media. Whatever kind of nickel-based catalysts is utilized to catalyze UOR, it is widely believed that the in situ-formed Ni3+ moieties are...
Electro-oxidation of urea (UOR) in alkaline medium is one of the most effective alternative ways of producing green hydrogen, as the oxidation potential in UOR is less and thermodynamically more favorable than conventional water oxidation. The develo...
This work reports the electrochemical behavior of a nickel hydroxide electrode, electrodeposited in a deep eutectic solvent (DES), in alkaline solutions of varying composition, aiming to elucidate the influence of the cation (Na+ vs. K+), urea, and c...
In this paper, spherical-shaped catalytic materials with needle-like stacking structures were synthesized in situ on the foam nickel substrate using the hydrothermal method, resulting in the NiM (M = Co, Mn, W, Zn)-MOF series. Furthermore, the cataly...
Energy shortage and environmental pollution have become the most serious problems faced by human beings in the 21st century. Looking for advanced clean energy technology to achieve sustainable development of the ecological environment has become a ho...
The urine/urea oxidation reaction through catalysts with a higher performance in direct urea microfluidic fuel cells (DUµFC) is a promising method for power generation due to the large amount of human and animal urine containing 2–2.5 wt%...
Urea stands as a ubiquitous environmental contaminant. However, not only does urea oxidation reaction technology facilitate energy conversion, but it also significantly contributes to treating wastewater rich in urea. Furthermore, urea electrolysis h...
Urea electrolysis is regarded as a prospective method for energy-saving hydrogen production. However, the practical application of this technology is limited by the lack of high-performance bifunctional catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)...
A three-dimensional nickel nitride with reduced graphene oxide composite on nickel foam (s-X, where s represents Ni3N/rGO@NF and the annealing temperature X can be 320, 350, or 380) electrode has been fabricated through a facile method. We demonstrat...
The urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is a possible solution to solve the world’s energy crisis. Fuel cells have been used in the UOR to generate hydrogen with a lower potential compared to water splitting, decreasing the costs of energy production...
Based on nanotechnology, nanocomposites are synthesized using nanoparticles (NP), which have some advantages in terms of multifunctional, economic, and environmental factors. In this review, we discuss the inorganic applications as well as catalytic...
The commercialization of direct urea fuel cells (DUFCs) is hampered by the scarcity of low-cost, high-performance electrocatalysts for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR), while water treatment processes generate spent adsorbents as a secondary waste....
The electrocatalytic oxidation of urea combined with wastewater splitting is considered a promising approach for sustainable hydrogen production, characterized by minimal energy consumption. However, its evolution is greatly hindered by the shortage...
Water electrolysis represented a promising avenue for the large-scale production of high-purity hydrogen. However, the high overpotential and sluggish reaction rates associated with the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) posed significant obstacl...
ZnIn2S4 nanosheets are a promising photoanode for driving photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen fuel production; nevertheless, poor charge separation and sluggish surface reaction kinetics hinder its PEC performance to an extreme degree. Herein, a faci...
Urea shows promise as an alternative substrate to water oxidation in electrolyzers, and replacing OER with the Urea Oxidation Reaction (UOR, theoretical potential of 0.37 V vs. RHE) can significantly increase hydrogen production efficiency. Additiona...
Direct urea fuel cells (DUFCs) have recently drawn increased attention as sustainable power generation devices because of their considerable advantages. Nonetheless, the kinetics of the oxidation-reduction reaction, particularly the electrochemical o...
In this study, a sulfur-doped cobalt–iron catalyst (CoFeS/NF) was synthesized on a nickel foam (NF) substrate via a facile one-step electrodeposition method, and its performance in urea electrolysis for hydrogen production was systematically in...
Developing renewable energy sources and controlling water pollution are critical but challenging problems. Urea oxidation (UOR) and methanol oxidation (MOR), both of which have high research value, have the potential to effectively address wastewater...
In this study, manganese tungstate (MW) and MW/graphene oxide (GO) composites were prepared by a facile hydrothermal synthesis at pH values of 7 and 12. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TE...
The urea oxidation reaction (UOR), requiring less energy to produce hydrogen, is considered as a potential alternative to the traditional oxygen evolution reaction. Consequently, developing highly efficient UOR catalysts to facilitate H2 production h...
Photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis, as green and low-cost pollutant treatment technologies, have been widely used to simultaneously degrade pollutants and produce clean energy to solve the problems of environmental pollution and energy crisis....
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) urea splitting is of great significance for urea wastewater remediation and hydrogen production with low energy consumption simultaneously. Nickel hydroxides as electrocatalysts have been widely investigated for urea electr...
Secondary problems, such as the occurrence of side reactions and the accumulation of by-products, are a major challenge in the application of wet denitrification technology through urea solution. We revealed the formation mechanism of urea nitrate an...
Urea oxidation reaction (UOR) has received a high level of recent interest since electrochemical oxidation of urea can remediate harmful nitrogen compounds in wastewater and accomplish hydrogen fuel production simultaneously. Thus, urea is considered...
Recently, urea electrolysis has been regarded as an up-and-coming pathway for the sustainability of hydrogen fuel production according to its far lower theoretical and thermodynamic electrolytic cell potential (0.37 V) compared to water electrolysis...
Hydrogen peroxide was encapsulated into a silica xerogel matrix by the sol-gel technique. The composite was tested as an oxidizing agent both under conventional and microwave conditions in a few model reactions: Noyori’s method of octanal and 2-octan...
In this study, simplex centroid mixture design was employed to determine the effect of urea on ZnO-CeO. The heterojunction materials were synthesized using a solid-state combustion method, and the physicochemical properties were evaluated using X-ray...
Methanol oxidation (MOR) and urea oxidation (UOR) have been considered for new types of fuel cells, but the lack of highly active nonnoble metal catalysts restricts such cells. A NiCo-modified biomass carbon (milk as the carbon source)-based catalyst...
The compound 6-(1,3-dimethylureido)dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide was synthesized in a single step, under mild reaction conditions, from the commercially available H-phosphinate 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and 1...
The results of sustainable and selective synthesis of glycerol carbonate (GC) from urea and glycerol under ambient pressure using carbon-fiber-supported metal oxide catalysts are reported. Carbon fibers (CF) were prepared via a catalytic chemical vap...
Selective oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenne is an important process in both organic synthesis and fine chemicals diligence. The cobalt-based catalysts combined with nitrogen-doped carbon have received great attention in ethylbenzene (EB) oxida...
Bimetallic Cu3.8Ni alloy nanoparticles (NPs)-anchored carbon nanofibers (composite NFs) were synthesized using a simple electrospinning machine. XRD, SEM, TEM, and TGA were employed to examine the physiochemical characteristics of these composite NFs...
Urea-hydrogen peroxide (UHP) was used in the presence of maleic anhydride as mediator in a simple and convenient method for the oxidation in high yield of some thiols to the corresponding disulfides. Peroxymaleic acid formed in situ from the reaction...
The production of green hydrogen using water electrolysis is widely regarded as one of the most promising technologies. On the other hand, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is thermodynamically unfavorable and needs significant overpotential to pro...
Solution combustion synthesis (SCS) is often utilized to prepare crystalline nanoparticles of transition metal oxides, in particular Mn oxides. The structure and composition of the final product depend on the conditions of the synthesis, in particula...
Aliphatic polyester is an important polyester material with good biocompatibility and degradability, which can be synthesized through ring-opening alternating copolymerization (ROAC) of epoxides and anhydrides. Herein, density functional theory (DFT)...
A fast and simple method for the oxidative iodination of some aromatic amines, under microwave irradiation, is reported, using diiodine and the the strongly Hbonded urea-hydrogen peroxide addition compound (H2NCONH2···H2O2, UHP) as the oxidant. The r...
The electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate (ERN) to ammonia offers a promising route to address energy shortages and environmental pollution, but its practical application is hindered by low selectivity due to complex eight-electron transfer pathways...
The τ-phase Ba1.3Ca0.7SiO4 alkaline earth silicate powders were synthesized using the solution combustion technique. For this purpose, metal nitrate–urea mixtures were used as an oxidant and a fuel. Urea’s main function was to help lo...
Urea, a prevalent component found in wastewater, shows great promise as a substrate for energy-efficient hydrogen production by electrolysis. However, the slow kinetics of the anodic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) significantly hamper the overall reac...
The urea electro-oxidation reaction (UOR) is emerging as a new energy conversion technology and a promising method for alleviating water eutrophication problems. However, a rationally designed structure of the electrode materials is urgently required...
Low-temperature combustion synthesis was utilized to prepare Co-Ni-W-based oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy powder. The influence of the U/Co and C/Co ratios on the morphology and specific surface area of the combusted powder was investigate...
Benzimidazolinones exhibit unique biological activities and serve as building blocks in synthesizing pharmaceutical compounds. Although multiple synthetic approaches involving intermolecular cyclization reactions have been reported, intramolecular cy...
The consistent quality control of ultrapure water (UPW) in semiconductor manufacturing depends on removing trace organonitrogen compounds such as urea. Due to its high solubility, chemical stability, and neutral polarity, urea is inadequately removed...
Porous Ni, Ni–Ir, and Ni–Pt electrodes were prepared on Ni substrates by molten-salt Al co-deposition followed by dealloying. SEM/EDS and XRD confirmed a Raney-type porous network with Ir or Pt present across the layer. A urea oxidation r...
The increasing climate crisis requires an improvement in renewable energy technologies. One of them are fuel cells, devices that are capable of generating electricity directly from the chemical reaction that is taking place inside of them. Despite th...
Urine is the main source of nitrogen pollution, while urea is a hydrogen-enriched carrier that has been ignored. Decomposition of urea to H2 and N2 is of great significance. Unfortunately, direct urea oxidation suffers from sluggish kinetics, and nee...
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