Background/Objectives: Glass, bone, and dentin are commonly applied substrates for osteoclast cultures; however, the impact of these substrates on osteoclastogenesis remains underexplored. This study aimed to address a significant gap in understandin...
Flashes of superoxide anion (O2−) in mitochondria are generated spontaneously or during the opening of the permeability transition pore (mPTP) and a sudden change in the metabolic state of a cell. Under certain conditions, O2− can leave t...
Mitochondria are specialized organelles, which serve as the “Power House” to generate energy for maintaining heart function. These organelles contain various enzymes for the oxidation of different substrates as well as the electron transp...
The primary function of mitochondria is respiration, where catabolism of substrates is coupled to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). [...]
The interplay between glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is central to maintain energy homeostasis. It remains to be determined whether there is a mechanism governing metabolic fluxes based on substrate availability in mi...
Adult human brains consume a disproportionate amount of energy substrates (2–3% of body weight; 20–25% of total glucose and oxygen). Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a universal energy currency in brains and is produced by oxidative phosphorylation (O...
Mitochondrial dehydrogenases are differentially stimulated by Ca2+. Ca2+ has also diverse regulatory effects on mitochondrial transporters and other enzymes. However, the consequences of these regulatory effects on mitochondrial oxidative phosphoryla...
Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) barrier integrity is involved in the pathology of several blinding retinal diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), but the underlying causes and pathophys...
Glycolysis is considered a main metabolic pathway in highly proliferative cells, including endothelial, epithelial, immune, and cancer cells. Although oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is more efficient in ATP production per mole of glucose, prolife...
Mitochondrial dysfunction is crucially involved in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington’s Disease (HD). How mitochondria become compromised in HD is poorly understood but instrumental for the development of treatments to pre...
Herbicides, used worldwide to improve agricultural yields, are associated with pollution and significant health problems. Cardiac damage is a major concern, and the respective contributions of glyphosate (GP) and its commercial formulation, Roundup&r...
Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are characterized by profound metabolic remodeling of mitochondrial pathways. However, data regarding mitochondrial respiration, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in patients with Ebst...
Mitochondrial bioenergetics reprogramming is an essential response of cells to stress. Platelets, an accessible source of mitochondria, have a crucial role in cancer development; however, the platelet mitochondrial function has not been studied in ur...
The m.8993T>G mutation of the mitochondrial MT-ATP6 gene is associated with NARP syndrome (neuropathy, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa). The equivalent point mutation introduced in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial DNA considerably redu...
Whereas mitochondria are well established as the source of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), it is debated if they are also the major cellular sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we describe the novel approach of combining high-re...
Purpose: Mitochondrial dysfunction is central to breaking the barrier integrity of retinal endothelial cells (RECs) in various blinding eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the r...
The dysfunction of mitochondria, the primary source of cellular energy and producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is associated with brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Scientific evidence indicates that light in the visible and near-infr...
Tetracycline antibiotics act by inhibiting bacterial protein translation. Given the bacterial ancestry of mitochondria, we tested the hypothesis that doxycycline—which belongs to the tetracycline class—reduces mitochondrial function, and results in c...
Multiple non-aggregatory functions of human platelets (PLT) are widely acknowledged, yet their functional examination is limited mainly due to a lack of standardized isolation and analytic methods. Platelet apheresis (PA) is an established clinical m...
In cancer cells, aerobic glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) is generally preferred for the production of ATP. In many cancers, highly expressed pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) reduces the activity of pyruvate dehydrogena...
Statins and fibrates are widely used for the management of hypertriglyceridemia but they also have limitations, mostly due to pharmacokinetic interactions or side effects. It is conceivable that some adverse events like liver dysfunction or gastroint...
The aberrant activation of signaling pathways contributes to cancer cells with metabolic reprogramming. Thus, targeting signaling modulators is considered a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer. Subcellular fractionation, coimmunoprecipitation,...
This article reviews the dynamic interactions of the tumour microenvironment, highlighting the roles of acetyl-CoA and melatonergic pathway regulation in determining the interactions between oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis across th...
This paper demonstrates the membranotropic effect of modified levopimaric acid diene adducts on liver mitochondria and lecithin liposomes. We found that the derivatives dose-dependently reduced the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation of mitochond...
Cancer cells may stimulate glycolytic flux when O2 becomes insufficient. Increase in L-lactate release therefore appears as an escape mechanism to drugs targeting mitochondrial respiration but also represents a response that may be exploited to scree...
Mitochondrial proteins are encoded by both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. While some of the essential subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes responsible for cellular ATP production are synthesized directly in the mitochondria, m...
Ever since the discovery that neuronal tissue can utilize lactate as an aerobic substrate for mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, a debate has ensued between those who have questioned the importance of lactate in brain energy metab...
Anaphylactic shock (AS) is associated with a profound vasodilation and cardiac dysfunction. The cellular mechanisms underlying AS-related cardiac dysfunction are unknown. We hypothesized that myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction may be associated wit...
The metabolism of glucose and lipids plays a crucial role in the normal homeostasis of the body. Although glucose is the main energy substrate, in its absence, lipid metabolism becomes the primary source of energy. The main means of fatty acid oxidat...
A theory that can best explain the facts of a phenomenon is more likely to advance knowledge than a theory that is less able to explain the facts. Cancer is generally considered a genetic disease based on the somatic mutation theory (SMT) where mutat...
Electric cell–substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) has been used as a real-time impedance-based method to quantify cell behavior in tissue culture. The method is capable of measuring both the resistance and capacitance of a cell-covered microelectrode...
Dysfunctional mitochondria are linked to several neurodegenerative diseases. Metabolic defects, a symptom which can result from dysfunctional mitochondria, are also present in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also known as Machado–Joseph d...
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder, caused by an abnormal polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the huntingtin protein (Htt). Mitochondrial dysfunction and impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) are h...
The carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier (CAC) is a crucial protein for cellular energy metabolism, facilitating the exchange of acylcarnitines and free carnitine across the mitochondrial membrane, thereby enabling fatty acid β-oxidation and oxidative pho...
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor with poor patient prognosis. Although the standard treatment of GBM is surgery followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, often a small portion of surviving tumor cells acquire therapeu...
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are tissue-resident immune cells that play a central role in type 2 immunity. Beyond cytokine signaling, they integrate inputs from lipids, nutrients, neuroendocrine mediators, and local metabolic cues, establish...
Cutaneous melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer because of its aggressiveness, rapid metastasis, and high therapeutic resistance. The 2018 World Health Organization (WHO) classification emphasized that melanoma comprises distinct subtypes d...
Mitochondrial Complex I plays a crucial role in the proliferation, chemoresistance, and metastasis of breast cancer (BC) cells. This highlights it as an attractive target for anti-cancer drugs. Using submitochondrial particles, we identified FRV&ndas...
Statins are the cornerstone of lipid-lowering therapy. Although generally well tolerated, statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) represent the main reason for treatment discontinuation. Mitochondrial dysfunction of complex I has been implicated in...
Human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) exhibit fetal-like mitochondrial networks and limited oxidative metabolism, constraining their translational utility. The key bottleneck is mitochondrial immaturity, resulting from blunted PGC-1α&nda...