Studies have suggested that dysregulation of peroxisomal lipid metabolism might play an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Here, we found that KrasG12D-driven CRC tumors demonstrate dysfunctional peroxisomal β-oxidation and i...
Despite global research efforts, breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The majority of these deaths are due to metastasis occurring years after the initial treatment of the primary tumor and occurs at a higher fr...
Nudt2 encodes a diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) hydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of Ap4A and is involved in the lysyl tRNA synthetase-Ap4A-Nudt2 (LysRS-Ap4A-Nudt2) signaling pathway. We have previously demonstrated that this pathway is activ...
Background: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy, with increasing incidence contributing to a significant global health burden. Despite recent advancements, the molecular mechanisms underlying EC progression remain i...
Nudt16 is a member of the NUDIX family of hydrolases that show specificity towards substrates consisting of a nucleoside diphosphate linked to another moiety X. Several substrates for hNudt16 and various possible biological functions have been report...
Thiopurines, mercaptopurine, and azathioprine are used as immunosuppressants in the treatments of inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and organ transplantation and as chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of acute leukemia and chroni...
MTH1 (MutT Homolog 1) protein is one of the enzymes that protect cells from mutagenetic actions of reactive oxygen species. It sanitizes the pool of free nucleotides, making sure that oxidized dNTPs are not incorporated into the DNA. Any misfunction...
The management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common pediatric malignancy, critically relies on thiopurine therapy, such as 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), during the maintenance phase. However, significant inter-individual response variety...
Nucleotide diphosphate hydrolase type 5 (NUDT5) plays a significant role in the estrogen-signaling pathway and is overexpressed in breast cancer. This study aimed to explore the anti-breast cancer potential of quercetin and its 52 structural analogs...
Mercaptopurine (MP) is a commonly used maintenance regimen for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, 6-MP has a narrow therapeutic index, which causes dose-limiting toxicities in hematopoietic tissues. Recent studies reported several...
Background/Objectives: Thiopurines remain a cornerstone in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gastrointestinal immune diseases but are associated with significant interindividual variability in efficacy and toxicity, mainly influe...
Thiopurines are employed in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs; Crohn’s disease, CD; ulcerative colitis, UC) to induce remission, prevent relapse, and reduce the steroid dosage, although they can sometimes be ineffective and present side effects...
Surgical resection remains the only curative treatment strategy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A proportion of patients succumb to early disease recurrence post-operatively despite receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. The ability to identif...
Thiopurines are clinically useful in the management of diverse immunological and malignant conditions. Nevertheless, these purine analogues can cause lethal myelosuppression, which may be prevented by prospective testing for variants in the thiopurin...
Genetic variants influencing the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of the chemotherapeutic drugs used in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) therapy often contribute to the occurrence of treatment related toxicity (TRT). In this study, we explo...
Thiopurine intolerance and treatment-related toxicity, such as fatal myelosuppression, is related to non-function genetic variants encoding thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) and Nudix hydrolase 15 (NUDT15). Genetic testing of the common variants...
Breast cancer, a heterogeneous disease, is among the most frequently diagnosed diseases and is the second leading cause of death due to cancer among women after lung cancer. Phytoactives (plant-based derivatives) and their derivatives are safer than...
Following the success of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19, mRNA-based therapeutics have now become a great interest and potential. The development of this approach has been preceded by studies of modifications found on mRNA ribonucleotides that influen...
Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is a potent wide-spectrum mitogen whose overexpression is associated with immortalization and unregulated cell proliferation in many tumors. The FGF2 gene locus is bi-directionally transcribed to produce FGF2 mRN...
Here, we present the characterisation of the so-far-unstudied NUDIX hydrolase family member NUDT22. We previously identified the unique hydrolase activity of NUDT22 towards UDP-glucose from a family-wide biochemical substrate screen. UDP-glucose hydr...
In Brazil, Acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in children and adolescents. Treatment toxicity is one of the reasons for stopping chemotherapy. Amerindian genomic ancestry is an important factor for this event due to f...
Childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a heterogeneous disease comprising multiple molecular subgroups with subtype-specific expression profiles. Recently, a new type of ncRNA, termed circular RNA (circRNA), has emerged as a promisi...
The growth of cancer cells as oncospheres in three-dimensional (3D) culture provides a robust cell model for understanding cancer progression, as well as for early drug discovery and validation. We have previously described a novel pathway in breast...
Coenzyme A (CoA) is ubiquitous and essential for key cellular processes in any living organism. Primary degradation of CoA occurs by enzyme-mediated pyrophosphate hydrolysis intracellularly and extracellularly to form adenosine 3’,5’-diph...
When in a particular scientific field, major progress is rapidly reached after a long period of relative stand-still, this is often achieved by the development or exploitation of new techniques and methods. A striking example is the new insights brou...
Background: Myelotoxicity, usually manifested by moderate leukopenia (particularly neutropenia), is a well-known adverse drug reaction to azathioprine (AZA) therapy. Thiopurine methyltransferase (TMPT) and nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X-type...
cADPR is a second messenger that releases Ca2+ from intracellular stores via the ryanodine receptor. Over more than 15 years, it has been controversially discussed whether cADPR also contributes to the activation of the nucleotide-gated cation channe...
Expression of microRNAs, such as miR-365, is known to be dysregulated in many tumors, including oral cancers, although little is known about their role or functions. The objective of this project is to evaluate the downstream targets of miR-365 to de...
Acute leukemias are highly aggressive hematologic malignancies that demand intensive chemotherapy regimens. However, drug toxicity remains a major barrier to treatment success and patient survival. In this context, pharmacogenomics offers a promising...
The broodiness traits of domestic geese are a bottleneck that prevents the rapid development of the goose industry. To reduce the broodiness of the Zhedong goose and thus improve it, this study hybridized it with the Zi goose, which has almost no bro...
This study aims to address a series of challenges in infrared small target detection, particularly in complex backgrounds and high-noise environments. In response to these issues, we propose a deep learning model called the Feature Multi-Scale Enhanc...
Detecting small targets in infrared imagery remains highly challenging due to sub-pixel target sizes, low signal-to-noise ratios, and complex background clutter. This paper proposes PSHNet, a hybrid deep-learning framework that combines dense spatial...
Infrared small target detection (ISTD) plays a crucial role in precision guidance, anti-missile interception, and military early-warning systems. Existing approaches suffer from high false alarm rates and low detection rates when detecting dim and sm...
Flower pigmentation is a critical trait in plants, influencing ecological interactions and ornamental value. This study investigates the mechanisms underlying petal coloration in Prunus campanulata and its hybrids, Prunus ‘Okame’ and Prun...
Intratumoral hypoxia is associated with tumor progression, aggressiveness, and therapeutic resistance in several cancers. Hypoxia causes cancer cells to experience replication stress, thereby activating DNA damage and repair pathways. MutT homologue-...
Gastroenterologists represent some of the earlier adopters of precision medicine through pharmacogenetic testing by embracing upfront genotyping for thiopurine S-methyltransferase nucleotide diphosphatase (TPMT) before prescribing 6-mercaptopurine or...
The invention and use of chelating purification products directed at atmospheric particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) are beneficial in preventing cytotoxicity and bodily harm. However, natural plant active compounds that minimize the adverse effect of PM2...
With the flourish of deep learning, transformer models have achieved remarkable performance in dealing with many computer vision tasks. However, their applications in infrared small target detection is limited due to two factors: (1) the high computa...
The transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin-like subfamily member 2 (TRPM2) is a non-selective calcium-permeable cation channel. It is expressed by many mammalian tissues, including bone marrow, spleen, lungs, heart, liver, neutrophils, and end...
Infrared small target detection technology plays a crucial role in various fields such as military reconnaissance, power patrol, medical diagnosis, and security. The advancement of deep learning has led to the success of convolutional neural networks...
In March 2015, a ground vehicle gravimetry test was implemented in eastern Changsha to assess the repeatability and accuracy of ground vehicle SINS/GNSS gravimeter—SGA-WZ02. The gravity system developed by NUDT consisted of a Strapdown Inertial Navig...
Mobile traffic classification serves as a fundamental component in network security systems. In recent years, pre-training methods have significantly advanced this field. However, as mobile traffic is typically mixed with third-party services, the de...
Infrared small target detection in complex environments remains a significant challenge due to low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), background clutter, and target scale variations. To address these issues, we propose an Anisotropic Dynamic-aware Multi-...
Allergen-specific venom immunotherapy (VIT) is a well-established therapy for Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA). However, the precise mechanism underlying its clinical effect remains uncertain. Our study aimed to identify the molecular mechanisms assoc...
An electrochemical sensor sensitive to coenzyme A (CoA) was designed using a CoA-responsive polyallylamine–manganese oxide–polymer dot nanogel coated on the electrode surface to detect various genetic models of osteoarthritis (OA). The Co...
Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) aims to locate and separate targets from complex backgrounds. The challenges in IRSTD primarily come from extremely sparse target features and strong background clutter interference. However, existing methods t...
8-Oxoguanine, a major oxidized base lesion formed by reactive oxygen species, causes G to T transversion mutations or leads to cell death in mammals if it accumulates in DNA. 8-Oxoguanine can originate as 8-oxo-dGTP, formed in the nucleotide pool, or...
Long COVID (LongC) is associated with a myriad of symptoms including cognitive impairment. We reported at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic that neuronal-enriched or L1CAM+ extracellular vesicles (nEVs) from people with LongC contained proteins...
Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) remains a critical yet challenging task due to the inherent low signal-to-noise ratio, weak target features, and complex backgrounds prevalent in infrared images. Existing methods often struggle to effectively...
Recent deep learning methods have achieved promising performance in infrared small target detection (IRSTD) but with high computational cost, limiting deployment or operation on resource-limited scenarios. There is an urgent need to develop both ligh...
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