Nutrients, Volume 17, Issue 23

Background/Objectives: Big data analysis has revolutionized medical research, making it possible to analyze vast amounts of data and gain valuable insights that were previously impossible to obtain. Our knowledge of the characteristics of vitamin D s...

Background: Resistant starch, and specially retrograded starches (RS), have been suggested as useful biological molecules to improve the glucose management in diabetic conditions. However, the influence of the botanical origin in the RS biological ca...

Background/Objectives: High-fat diets (HFDs) are widely used to induce obesity, but cost-effective and reproducible formulations remain challenging. Moreover, the reversibility of metabolic and gut microbiota alterations following HFD withdrawal is n...

Background/Objectives: Sarcopenia may be influenced by lifestyle and dietary factors. Emerging evidence suggests that certain foods such as sea vegetables and fruits contain bioactive compounds may help protect against muscle loss. This study investi...

Background/Objectives: Aging-related cognitive decline, linked to oxidative stress and impaired hippocampal neurogenesis, is a major contributor to neurodegenerative disorders. In rodents, this condition can be modeled by D-galactose (D-gal) administ...

Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two of the most rapidly rising chronic diseases globally. Despite appearing distinct, an emerging body of literature identifies shared etiopathogenic mechanisms me...

Background/Objectives: Several studies have suggested a contrasting link between a diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) pattern and cancer risk; however, their findings have been inconsistent. This study aims to systematically review observational stu...

Background: Ultramarathon running represents an extreme physiological and metabolic challenge. Despite its growing popularity among recreational and competitive runners, evidence-based guidance for nutrition, energy balance, and recovery remains limi...

Background: In phenylketonuria (PKU) patients, dried blood spot (DBS) sampling remains the standard method for monitoring phenylalanine (Phe) levels. However, delays in reporting results can hinder timely dietary adjustments. Patients and caregivers...

Background: This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and systemic inflammation using four validated nutrition indices—Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (HALP) score, Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI...

Background/Objectives: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive liver condition closely associated with gut microbial dysbiosis and hepatic metabolic abnormalities. Poria cocos polysaccharide (PCP), a bioactive component derived from the...

Background: Nutritional imbalances significantly affect ocular physiology, contributing to dry eye disease, cataracts, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and optic neuropathies. This review summarizes recent evidence on how micronutrient deficie...

Background/Objectives: Delayed motherhood is becoming increasingly common, yet limited evidence exists on birth satisfaction and breastfeeding attitudes among women aged ≥35. In this study, the hypothesis was tested whether higher birth satisfacti...

Background: Frailty is a common condition among older adults residing in long-term care facilities and is associated with adverse health outcomes. Physical exercise and vitamin D supplementation have been proposed as preventive and therapeutic strate...

Background: Korean red ginseng marc (KRGM), a by-product of Korean red ginseng (KRG) processing, retains numerous bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. Among them, KRGM-derived gintonin (KRGM-gintonin) is particularly rich in lysophosph...

Background/Objectives: Caffeine is a well-established ergogenic aid for endurance performance. However, the optimal intake strategy, specifically the administration method and dosage, remains uncertain. This systematic review and network meta-analysi...

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of acute and 28-day supplementation with a caffeine-based energy drink on energy expenditure, fat oxidation, and cognitive performance. Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 33 males and 27...

Background and Objectives: There is adherence to a healthy Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), but adherence varies widely. Precision nutrition is increasingly interested in individual characteristics influencing diet adherence, but few studies have examin...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, has limited treatment options despite extensive pharmacological research. This has increased interest in dietary strategies that act across multiple pathological mechanisms. Beetroot (Bet...

Background/Objectives: Data indicate that a low-glycemic index diet may be an effective nutritional approach to improve cardiometabolic parameters and support weight loss in obese individuals. The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare the...

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a therapeutic strategy designed to modify and enrich the recipient’s gut microbiota by administering processed donor stool, with the goal of treating dysbiosis and related conditions. In 2013, the Unite...

High-fat diets are known to contribute to metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, partly through alterations in gut microbiota composition. However, the impact of dietary fat on gut microbiota depends on fat compos...

Background: The gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in metabolic and immune homeostasis through the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These metabolites influence mitochondrial biogenesis, muscle energetics, epithelial barrier stabili...

Background/Objectives: Accurate prediction of severe adverse events (SAEs) is crucial for optimizing supportive care while maintaining treatment intensity in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We evaluated the predictive value of the Geriatric Nu...

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory cardiovascular disease that may result from the interaction between oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, and metabolic disorders. Recent studies indicate that the well-known phenolic compounds, hydroxytyro...

Background/Objectives: One of the main reasons for discrepancies in the role of vitamin D in ART could be the measurement of the conventional biomarker 25(OH)D₃. It is known that this value is affected by multiple factors, such as tissue origin, assa...

Background: Plant-based diets are recommended in guidelines for the prevention of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases, which remain major causes of death in breast cancer survivors (BCS). Since not all plant foods are healthy, we calculated the plant...

Background/Objectives: Insufficient dietary fiber intake contributes to gut microbiota dysbiosis, systemic inflammation, and the onset of obesity-related metabolic disorders. Agro-industrial by-products have emerged as sustainable sources to restore...

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten exposure in genetically predisposed individuals. Beyond gastrointestinal symptoms, CD is increasingly recognized to affect extraintestinal organs, including the eye...

Background/Objectives: Physical activity (PA) and energy intake (EI) are central targets of community initiatives to reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity. The general effects of PA and EI in influencing energy balance and body composition are c...

Background: Daily energy intake from snacking behaviors has increased over the past few decades, during which the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome has risen to epidemic proportions. There remains considerable room for improvement in the o...

Background/Objectives: Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is a cancer of the lymphatic system, the etiology of which remains partially unexplained, and environmental factors, including nutritional factors, may play an important role in its development and...

Background/Objectives: Increased fat intake and high content of saturated fatty acids in the diet are associated with higher body weight and an increased risk of obesity. This study aimed to determine the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) on white adip...

Background/Objectives: Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) is common among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the relationship between PCM and the gut microbiota in patients with IBD remains unclear. This study aimed to investiga...

Background: Obesity is increasingly recognized as a metabolic disorder driven by gut microbiota dysbiosis and chronic low-grade inflammation within adipose tissue. Emerging evidence highlights the gut–adipose tissue axis as a critical mediator...

Background/Objectives: Despite increasing awareness of best sports nutrition practices, discrepancies persist between knowledge and behaviour amongst female endurance athletes. Methods: To understand this discrepancy study investigated dietary practi...

Background/Objectives: Testosterone and cortisol are key regulators of metabolic, psychological, and physiological responses to environmental and lifestyle factors. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between free testosterone and cortisol c...

Background/Objectives: Extracellular vesicles derived from edible plants have emerged as bioactive nanostructures with potential therapeutic and nutraceutical properties and are currently being investigated as natural carriers for the treatment of ox...

Background: Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is one of the most common food allergies in infants, with a reported prevalence between 0.54% and 4.9%. In Europe, 1% of children are affected by CMPA in the first 2 years of life. Overdiagnosis lea...

Background: The paucity of data on the epidemiology of chronic intestinal failure (CIF) in pediatric patients is a matter of particular concern. The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive description of the epidemiology of CIF in Spa...

Cancer has become the second leading cause of death globally and is a big threat to human health. The development of new anticancer drugs and the elucidation of the signaling pathways of bioactive compounds are still effective strategies to address t...

Background/Objectives: Despite salt iodization, iodine deficiency during pregnancy and lactation is re-emerging in many industrialized countries, necessitating an evaluation of the role of dairy in supporting iodine status during these critical perio...

Breastfeeding is a renewable biological system that simultaneously advances human, environmental, and societal health. Human milk provides unparalleled nutrition and immunological protection, improving infant survival, neurodevelopment, and long-term...

Background: Energy-dense non-essential snacks are subject to 8% excise tax in Mexico. Objectives: To model the impact on diet quality of (1) replacing energy-dense snacks with pistachios and (2) adding small amounts of pistachios to the diet. Methods...

Objectives: Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. (C. gladiata) has been used in traditional medicine to treat suppurative inflammatory conditions. Its antibacterial activity against oral pathogens and potential use as a non-alcoholic mouthwash have also be...

Background/Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relation between sleep quantity (TST), efficiency (SE) and regularity (SRI) and cardiometabolic parameters and eating habits. Methods: Seventy clinically healthy adults (74% females; mea...

Background: Sleep is essential for athletes’ physical performance and recovery. However, strenuous exercise has the potential to increase inflammation and worsen sleep. This study evaluated the effect of probiotic supplementation on self-report...

Background: Understanding the genetic and metabolic profiles of individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is important for clarifying the biological characteristics of this complex disorder. Objectives: Given the limited data availabl...

Background/Objectives: Osteoporosis represents a major yet underdiagnosed public health concern in developing countries, including Tunisia. Limited awareness, delayed diagnosis, and suboptimal adoption of preventive strategies contribute to increased...

Background: Overweight and obesity have emerged as major public health challenges in China, with rising prevalence rates posing substantial burdens on healthcare systems. This study is a secondary analysis of data from the 2019 Chinese National Surve...