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Nutrients
Volume 17
Issue 23
10.3390/nu17233760
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

How Family and Individual Physical Activity Environments Relate to Obesity Transition in Chinese Children and Adolescents

by
Ziyue Sun
1,2,
Yang Yang
1,2,
Xia Zhong
1,
Jiajia Dang
1,2,
Shan Cai
1,2,
Yunfei Liu
1,2,
Jiaxin Li
1,2,
Tianyu Huang
1,2,
Xiaoqian Zhang
3,
Mei Xue
4,5,
Jing Li
1,6,*,
Zhixin Zhang
7,* and
Yi Song
1,2,*
1
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
2
National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
3
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medicine University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China
4
Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
5
Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
6
Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases Peking Universit), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
7
Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2025, 17(23), 3760; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17233760 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 28 October 2025 / Revised: 24 November 2025 / Accepted: 28 November 2025 / Published: 29 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Pediatric Nutrition)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Overweight and obesity have emerged as major public health challenges in China, with rising prevalence rates posing substantial burdens on healthcare systems. This study is a secondary analysis of data from the 2019 Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health (CNSSCH), aimed to investigate the association of family and individual physical activity (PA) environments with overweight and obesity transition among children and adolescents, and to analyze subgroup differences by sex and urban–rural location as well as potential mechanisms. Methods: This was a one-year longitudinal study based on the 2019–2020 follow-up of 5008 children and adolescents. Family and individual physical activity environments were assessed as main exposures, and transitions to overweight and obesity were defined as outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between family and individual PA environments and transitions to overweight and obesity, while also examining their moderating effects on unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. Results: A favorable family and individual PA environment was significantly associated with a reduced risk of obesity transition (OR = 0.78, p = 0.016). Subgroup analyses indicated that males (OR = 0.69, p = 0.009) and rural children and adolescents (OR = 0.70, p = 0.021) were more sensitive to supportive family and individual PA environments. Furthermore, a favorable environment was significantly correlated with a reduction in unhealthy behaviors such as skipping daily breakfast and consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A supportive family and individual PA environment was associated with a lower risk of obesity transition in children and adolescents, with more pronounced associations observed among males and those in rural areas.
Keywords: physical activity environment; overweight; obesity; children and adolescents physical activity environment; overweight; obesity; children and adolescents

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sun, Z.; Yang, Y.; Zhong, X.; Dang, J.; Cai, S.; Liu, Y.; Li, J.; Huang, T.; Zhang, X.; Xue, M.; et al. How Family and Individual Physical Activity Environments Relate to Obesity Transition in Chinese Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2025, 17, 3760. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17233760

AMA Style

Sun Z, Yang Y, Zhong X, Dang J, Cai S, Liu Y, Li J, Huang T, Zhang X, Xue M, et al. How Family and Individual Physical Activity Environments Relate to Obesity Transition in Chinese Children and Adolescents. Nutrients. 2025; 17(23):3760. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17233760

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sun, Ziyue, Yang Yang, Xia Zhong, Jiajia Dang, Shan Cai, Yunfei Liu, Jiaxin Li, Tianyu Huang, Xiaoqian Zhang, Mei Xue, and et al. 2025. "How Family and Individual Physical Activity Environments Relate to Obesity Transition in Chinese Children and Adolescents" Nutrients 17, no. 23: 3760. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17233760

APA Style

Sun, Z., Yang, Y., Zhong, X., Dang, J., Cai, S., Liu, Y., Li, J., Huang, T., Zhang, X., Xue, M., Li, J., Zhang, Z., & Song, Y. (2025). How Family and Individual Physical Activity Environments Relate to Obesity Transition in Chinese Children and Adolescents. Nutrients, 17(23), 3760. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17233760

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