Energies, Volume 11, Issue 1

Increasing demand for electricity, as well as rising environmental and economic concerns have resulted in renewable energy sources being a center of attraction. Integration of these renewable energy resources into power systems is usually achieved th...

The characteristics of bubbles of different sizes in fuel assembly are vital to two-phase flow resistance and heat transfer capacity. However, due to the swirl flow caused by the mixing vane, bubbles can crowd at the heated surface, which may anticip...

This paper presents a policy benefit model of a photovoltaic (PV) power generation project based on real options analysis (ROA) and the two-factor learning curve model. The main purpose is to examine the investment behavior of developing a PV project...

The energy demand of vehicles is influenced, not only by the drive systems, but also by a number of add-on systems. Electric vehicles must satisfy this energy demand completely from the battery. Hence, the use of power steering systems directly resul...

Wind energy integration is a complex target that could refer to different aspects such as: grid capacity; power system; support scheme; environmental; social issues; etc. It is probably the less predictable renewable energy sources (RES) due to its h...

Efficient solar vapor/steam generation is important for various applications ranging from power generation, cooling, desalination systems to compact and portable devices like drinking water purification and sterilization units. However, conventional...

The Energy System Transition in Aviation research project of the Aeronautics Research Center Niedersachsen (NFL) searches for potentially game-changing technologies to reduce the carbon footprint of aviation by promoting and enabling new propulsion a...

AC microgrid mainly comprise inverter-interfaced distributed generators (IIDGs), which are nonlinear complex systems with multiple time scales, including frequency control, time delay measurements, and electromagnetic transients. The droop control-ba...

For high-power and high-performance speed control system, speed feedback signals are generally required. The employment of sensorless control technology makes the installation of the system easier and lower-cost, while its reliability needs to be imp...

A solar heating system (SHS) with a phase change material (PCM) thermal storage tank is proposed with the view that traditional heat water storage tanks present several problems including large space requirements, significant heat loss and unstable s...

The development of sustainable and innovative solutions for the production and supply of energy at district level is nowadays one of the main technical challenges. In the past, district heating and cooling networks aimed to achieve greater energy eff...

Partial shading has a nonlinear effect on the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules. Different methods of optimizing energy harvesting under partial shading conditions have been suggested to mitigate this issue. In this paper, a smart PV module ar...

Photovoltaic (PV) power station faults in the natural environment mainly occur in the PV array, and the accurate fault diagnosis is of particular significance for the safe and efficient PV power plant operation. The PV array’s electrical behavior cha...

Currently, some small islands with high wind potential are trying to reduce the environmental and economic impact of fossil fuels by using renewable resources. Nevertheless, the characteristics of these renewable resources negatively affect the quali...

This paper analyses the impacts and benefits of the pumped storage plant (PSP) and its upgrade to variable speed on generation and transmission capacity requirements, capital costs, system operating costs and carbon emissions in the future European e...

In this paper, an adaptively constrained stochastic model predictive control (MPC) is proposed to achieve less-conservative coordination between energy storage units and uncertain renewable energy sources (RESs) in a microgrid (MG). Besides the econo...

To enhance the prediction performance for building energy consumption, this paper presents a modified deep belief network (DBN) based hybrid model. The proposed hybrid model combines the outputs from the DBN model with the energy-consuming pattern to...

Integration of Renewable Distributed Generations (RDGs) such as photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind turbines (WTs) in distribution networks can be considered a brilliant and efficient solution to the growing demand for energy. This article introduces...

In this paper, a distributed randomized gradient-free algorithm (DRGF) is employed to solve the complex non-convex economic dispatch problem whose non-convex constraints include valve-point loading effects, prohibited operating zones, and multiple fu...

This paper develops a novel dynamic correction method for the reliability assessment of large oil-immersed power transformers. First, with the transformer oil-paper insulation system (TOPIS) as the target of evaluation and the winding hot spot temper...

A gas-lifting production method was firstly proposed to transport the methane-water mixture from natural gas hydrates deposits through marine vertical pipe in this work. Aiming at UBGH2-6 site, SH7 site and GMGS2-8 site, the gas-lifting performance o...

As the world faces great challenges from climate change and environmental pollution, China urgently requires energy saving, emission reduction, and carbon reduction programmes. However, the non-cooperative energy saving model (NCESM), the simple regu...

Turbines are critical parts in hydropower facilities, and the cross-flow turbine is one of the widely applied turbine designs in small- and micro-hydro facilities. Cross-flow turbines are relatively simple, flexible and less expensive, compared to ot...

Fast charging stations enable the high-powered rapid recharging of electric vehicles. However, these stations also face challenges due to power fluctuations, high peak loads, and low load factors, affecting the reliable and economic operation of char...

This study presents a new bidirectional multi-resonant DC-DC converter, which is named CLTC. The converter adds an auxiliary transformer and an extra resonant capacitor based on a LLC resonant DC-DC converter, achieving zero-voltage switching (ZVS) f...

This paper investigates local residents’ expectations of the Chinese government subsidies on solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation. Residents’ demographics including age, educational attainment, income level, gender, and employment fields are anal...

The steering system of a vehicle impacts on the vehicle performance, safety and on the driver’s comfort. Moreover, in off-road vehicles using hydrostatic steering systems, the energy dissipation also becomes a critical issue. These aspects push and m...

Peer review is an essential part in the publication process, ensuring that Energies maintains high quality standards for its published papers [...]

Heating and cooling in buildings is a central aspect for adopting energy efficiency measures and implementing local policies for energy planning. The knowledge of features and performance of those existing systems is fundamental to conceiving realist...

Bogie bearings are very important for the safe and normal operation of metro vehicles. The prevailing fault diagnosis methods for bogie bearings generally utilize a single information source, such as vibration, temperature or acoustics. There are som...

Energy use in Indonesia’s steel industry accounts for about 20–35% of total production costs. Consequently, energy end-use efficiency is a crucial measure that is used to reduce energy intensity and decrease production costs. This article aims to inv...

The accurate calculation and characteristic analysis of wind speed correlation (WSC) is the basis of wind farm equivalent modeling, wind power prediction and other advanced applications. It is well known that the accurate calculation of WSC depends o...

Hydraulic fracturing technologies play a major role in the global energy supply and affect oil pricing. The current oil price fluctuations within 40 to 55 USD per barrel have caused diminished economical margins for hydraulic fracturing projects. Hen...

The use of ethanol in gasoline has become a worldwide tendency as an alternative to reduce net CO₂ emissions to the atmosphere, increasing gasoline octane rating and reducing dependence on petroleum products. However, recently environmental authoriti...

Battery impedance is essential to the management of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles (EVs), and impedance characterization can help to monitor and predict the battery states. Many studies have been undertaken to investigate impedance chara...

To cope with the progressive tightening of the emission regulations, gasoline and diesel engines will continuously require highly improved exhaust after-treatment systems. In the case of diesel engines, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) appears...

Smart meters often fail to measure or transmit the data they record when measuring energy consumption, known as meter readings, owing to faulty measuring equipment or unreliable communication modules. Existing studies do not address successive and no...

Nanopores are extremely developed and randomly distributed in shale gas reservoirs. Due to the rarefied conditions in shale strata, multiple gas transport mechanisms coexist and need further understanding. The commonly used slip models are mostly bas...

The purpose of analyzing the dissolved gas in transformer oil is to determine the transformer’s operating status and is an important basis for fault diagnosis. Accurate prediction of the concentration of dissolved gas in oil can provide an important...

Storage systems play an important role in performance of micro-grids. Storage systems may decrease fluctuations caused by periodic and unpredictable nature of distributed generation resource. Some micro-grids are connected to the network via a grid-i...

Line start permanent magnet synchronous motors experience different types of failures, including static eccentricity. The first step in detecting such failures is the mathematical modeling of the motor under healthy and failed conditions. In this pap...

The wastewater leaving from homes and businesses contains abundant low-grade energy, which can be utilized through heat pump technology to heat and cool buildings. Although the energy in the wastewater has been successfully utilized to condition buil...

One of the most important research topics in smart grid technology is load forecasting, because accuracy of load forecasting highly influences reliability of the smart grid systems. In the past, load forecasting was obtained by traditional analysis t...

Borehole thermal resistance is both an important design parameter and a key performance characteristic of a ground heat exchanger. Another quantity that is particularly important for ground heat exchangers is the internal thermal resistance between t...

Triaxial compressive creep tests were conducted on red sandstones after different thermal treatments. Subsequently, the thermal influence on the axial, lateral and volumetric creep curves under various stress levels was analyzed. The results show tha...

This study proposes a new model of demand response management for a future smart grid that consists of smart microgrids. The microgrids have energy storage units, responsive loads, controllable distributed generation units, and renewable energy resou...

Ambitious targets to reduce emissions caused by aviation in the light of an expected ongoing rise of the air transport demand in the future drive the research of propulsion systems with lower CO₂ emissions. Regional hybrid electric aircraft (HEA) pow...

Active research on biomass hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) continues to demonstrate its advantages over other thermochemical processes, in particular the interesting benefits that are associated with carbonaceous solid products, called hydrochar (HC...

Recent concerns about environmental pollution and escalating energy consumption accompanied by the advancements in battery technology have initiated the electrification of the transportation sector. With the universal resurgence of Electric Vehicles...

Forest biomass is an important resource for producing bioenergy and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The State of Michigan in the United States (U.S.) is one region recognized for its high potential of supplying forest biomass; however, the l...