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3,419 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
5,966 Views
10 Pages

18 September 2020

Dietitian involvement has considerable benefits for hospitalized patients, resulting in better health outcomes and improved quality of life. However, dietitian referral routines are often inappropriate in hospitals. The aim of this study was to ident...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,075 Views
10 Pages

Feasibility and Acceptability of ‘Opt-In’ Referrals for Stop Smoking Support in Pregnancy

  • Katarzyna Anna Campbell,
  • Sophie Orton,
  • Katharine Bowker,
  • Sue Cooper and
  • Tim Coleman

Background: International guidelines recommend that following an early-pregnancy ‘opt-out’ referral for smoking cessation support, pregnant women who smoke should also be offered referrals at subsequent antenatal appointments (‘opt-...

  • Brief Report
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,807 Views
8 Pages

Factors Associated with Avoiding Referrals by Dental Teleconsulting Sessions in Brazil

  • Lígia C. Paixão,
  • Mauro Henrique N. G. Abreu,
  • Antônio P. Ribeiro-Sobrinho and
  • Renata C. Martins

This cross-sectional analytical study assessed the frequency of avoided referrals of primary care to other care levels by dental teleconsulting and its association with individual and contextual variables using a multilevel approach. It appraised asy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
1,361 Views
5 Pages

The need and reasons for referrals to specialists among Lithuanian general dentists

  • Vytautė Pečiulienė,
  • Jūratė Rimkuvienė,
  • Rasmutė Manelienė and
  • Saulius Drukteinis

11 September 2010

Objective. To analyze the need for referral to a specialist and to identify the reasons of referrals among Lithuanian general dental practitioners. Material and methods. Questionnaires were sent to all 2879 Lithuanian dental practitioners registered...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,672 Views
13 Pages

29 September 2020

This study examines the religious/spiritual referral patterns in hospice and palliative care. Religion and death are two highly intersected topics and albeit often discussed together in hospice and palliative care, little is known about how professio...

  • Brief Report
  • Open Access
1,275 Views
7 Pages

Palau: Non-Communicable Disease Off-Island Treatment Referrals 2020–2022

  • Quan Lac,
  • Yujin Na,
  • Kennedy Kainoa Tamashiro,
  • Kelley Withy,
  • Myra Adelbai-Fraser,
  • Catherine Decherong and
  • Greg Dever

Background: The Republic of Palau is a small island nation with limited healthcare resources and a lack of onsite subspecialty medical care services such as orthopedic surgery, cardiology, and oncology. Palauans receive sub-specialty healthcare durin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
522 Views
14 Pages

Assessing Pediatric Endodontic Referrals to University-Based Clinics: A Retrospective Chart Review

  • Alice P. Chen,
  • Civon Gewelber,
  • Helpis Youssef,
  • Jacob Marx and
  • Man Hung

3 November 2025

Background: Timely dental care is essential to prevent complications and preserve natural teeth, yet inefficient referral practices, low reimbursement rates and systemic barriers continue to disproportionately affect Medicaid-enrolled children. This...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,962 Views
9 Pages

Osteopathy Referrals to and from General Practitioners: Secondary Analysis of Practitioner Characteristics from an Australian Practice-Based Research Network

  • Brett Vaughan,
  • Michael Fleischmann,
  • Sandra Grace,
  • Roger Engel,
  • Kylie Fitzgerald,
  • Amie Steel,
  • Wenbo Peng and
  • Jon Adams

25 December 2023

Australian osteopaths engage in multidisciplinary care and referrals with other health professionals, including general practitioners (GPs), for musculoskeletal care. This secondary analysis compared characteristics of Australian osteopaths who refer...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,752 Views
7 Pages

Accuracy in Referrals to Gynecologic Oncologists Based on Clinical Presentation for Ovarian Mass

  • Katherine Jane C. Chua,
  • Ricky D. Patel,
  • Radhika Trivedi,
  • Patricia Greenberg,
  • Kyle Beiter,
  • Thomas Magliaro,
  • Ushma Patel and
  • Joyce Varughese

16 February 2020

Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers in women due to late diagnosis. Despite technological advancements, experienced physicians have high sensitivities and specificities in subjective assessments when combining ultrasound fi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,419 Views
13 Pages

Routine timely examinations of well-child health are important for achieving children’s good health outcomes. Nevertheless, there is evidence of low compliance with well-child visit recommendations. The aim of the study was to examine potential...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,332 Views
17 Pages

Saudi Medical Appointments and Referrals Center (SMARC) Performance Dynamic: A Comparative National Analysis of 2023–2024 Against Baseline Metrics

  • Abdullah A. Alharbi,
  • Ahmad Y. Alqassim,
  • Meshary S. Binhotan,
  • Mohammed A. Muaddi,
  • Ali K. Alsultan,
  • Mohammed S. Arafat,
  • Abdulrahman Aldhabib,
  • Yasser A. Alaska,
  • Eid B. Alwahbi and
  • Aidrous M. Ali
  • + 2 authors

8 August 2025

Background/Objectives: Saudi Arabia implemented the Saudi Medical Appointments and Referrals Centre (SMARC) e-referral system to coordinate patient transfers and enhance healthcare access across the country. This nationwide system was established to...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
7,534 Views
15 Pages

2 October 2016

Slightly more than half of admissions to U.S. publicly-funded treatment for marijuana use are referred by the criminal justice system; this pattern has remained for at least 20 years. Nationally, Blacks comprise nearly a third of treatment admissions...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
7,903 Views
12 Pages

Antenatal Clinic and Stop Smoking Services Staff Views on “Opt-Out” Referrals for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: A Framework Analysis

  • Katarzyna Anna Campbell,
  • Katharine Anna Bowker,
  • Felix Naughton,
  • Melanie Sloan,
  • Sue Cooper and
  • Tim Coleman

Introduction: UK guidance recommends routine exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) screening for pregnant women and “opt-out” referrals to stop smoking services (SSS) of those with CO ≥ 4 ppm. We explored staff views on this referral pathway when implemented...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,522 Views
18 Pages

Homogeneous waiting group (HWG) criteria are central to the patient referral process, guiding primary care physicians and hospitalists in directing patient care to specialists. This cross-sectional observational study, conducted in South Tyrol, Italy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
6,075 Views
19 Pages

12 August 2017

The science of early childhood development underscores that maltreatment and other adversities experienced during infancy heightens the risk for poor developmental and socio-emotional outcomes. Referrals to supportive services by the child welfare sy...

  • Project Report
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,938 Views
6 Pages

Medication Error Rate in Transition of Care: General Practitioner (GP) Referrals to a Regional Emergency Department

  • Sarah J. Prior,
  • Colleen Cheek,
  • Dong Cheah,
  • Christopher Etherington,
  • Abigail Williams and
  • Nicole S. Reeves

28 November 2019

Medication errors have a significant impact on patient outcomes, increase healthcare costs, and are a common cause of preventable morbidity. This single-site, observational, diagnostic accuracy study aimed to quantify medication discrepancies in tran...

  • Article
  • Open Access
579 Views
14 Pages

Epidemiology and Patterns of Pediatric Visits and Referrals in a Model Primary Health Care Centre in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Chart Review Study

  • Reem S. AlOmar,
  • Nouf A. AlShamlan,
  • Abdulrahman A. Al-Abdulazeem,
  • Ahmed M. Al-Turki,
  • Ahmed A. Al Yateem,
  • Reema J. Alghamdi,
  • Najla A. Alhamed,
  • Sameerah Motabgani,
  • Assim M. AlAbdulKader and
  • Wejdan M. Al-Johani
  • + 1 author

21 November 2025

Background: Primary healthcare plays a vital role in delivering pediatric services. This study aimed to examine the epidemiology of pediatric visits to a model primary healthcare (PHC) center and identify factors associated with referrals to speciali...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,114 Views
16 Pages

20 November 2021

We undertook a retrospective comparison of two teledermatology pathways that provide diagnostic and management advice for suspected skin cancers, to evaluate the time from referral to diagnosis and its concordance with histology. Primary Care doctors...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,256 Views
16 Pages

25 June 2021

Interpersonal referrals can effectively promote purchases. In view of the low sales of green products, this study introduces the referral reward program into green marketing and investigates the impact of reward type on customers’ referral likelihood...

  • Brief Report
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,951 Views
8 Pages

4 May 2023

Ethnic inequalities exist across healthcare, including access to and experiences and outcomes of mental health services. Access to and engagement with burns clinical psychology services is essential for all patients. This study aimed to explore the e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
589 Views
20 Pages

25 November 2025

This study examines the key determinants influencing international students’ university choice decisions from the perspective of recruitment agents, an often overlooked yet critical intermediary in higher education marketing. Using a quantitati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,113 Views
18 Pages

The popularity of social media has provided great convenience for firms to conduct online referral marketing by using referral reward programs. We contribute to the existing works by examining the profitability of the two referral reward programs, na...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,724 Views
10 Pages

Timeliness of Infectious Diseases Referral and Inappropriate Antibiotic Usage Post-Referral in an Asian Tertiary Hospital

  • Liang En Wee,
  • Aidan Lyanzhiang Tan,
  • Limin Wijaya,
  • Maciej Piotr Chlebicki,
  • Julian Thumboo and
  • Ban Hock Tan

Infectious diseases (ID) specialists advise on complicated infections and are advocates for the interventions of antibiotic stewardship programs (ASP). Early referral to ID specialists has been shown to improve patient outcomes; however, not all refe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
6,166 Views
16 Pages

Exercise referral schemes have shown small but positive impacts in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Less is known about the long-term reach of scaled up schemes following a RCT. A RCT of the National Exercise Referral Scheme (NERS) in Wales was c...

  • Review
  • Open Access
131 Citations
20,607 Views
14 Pages

Timely Palliative Care: Personalizing the Process of Referral

  • David Hui,
  • Yvonne Heung and
  • Eduardo Bruera

18 February 2022

Timely palliative care is a systematic process to identify patients with high supportive care needs and to refer these individuals to specialist palliative care in a timely manner based on standardized referral criteria. It requires four components:...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,963 Views
10 Pages

Referral Patterns in Oral Medicine: A Retrospective Analysis of an Oral Medicine University Center in Southern Italy

  • Noemi Coppola,
  • Stefania Baldares,
  • Andrea Blasi,
  • Rosaria Bucci,
  • Gianrico Spagnuolo,
  • Michele Davide Mignogna and
  • Stefania Leuci

Referral of a patient from one healthcare provider to another is an important part of the medical practice. The aim of this study was to analyze the referral process to the Oral Medicine Unit in a university-based tertiary center in Southern Italy. A...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
7,203 Views
12 Pages

Since 1988, healthcare has been considered a citizen’s right in Brazil. The Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), has undergone development and expansion to ensure universal health coverage for the Brazilian public, the world’s fifth largest population. The...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,013 Views
10 Pages

Compliance with Specialist Referral for Increased Cancer Risk in Low-Resource Settings: In-Person vs. Telehealth Options

  • James Nguyen,
  • Thair Takesh,
  • Negah Parsangi,
  • Bofan Song,
  • Rongguang Liang and
  • Petra Wilder-Smith

16 May 2023

Efforts are underway to improve the accuracy of non-specialist screening for oral cancer (OC) risk, yet better screening will only translate into improved outcomes if at-risk individuals comply with specialist referral. Most individuals from low-reso...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,432 Views
14 Pages

Trends and Patterns of ICU E-Referrals in Saudi Arabia during 2020–2021: Results from the National Saudi Medical Appointments and Referrals Centre

  • Abdullah A. Alharbi,
  • Nawfal A. Aljerian,
  • Hani A. Alghamdi,
  • Meshary S. Binhotan,
  • Ali K. Alsultan,
  • Mohammed S. Arafat,
  • Abdulrahman Aldhabib,
  • Ahmed I. Aloqayli,
  • Eid B. Alwahbi and
  • Mohammed A. Muaddi
  • + 1 author

27 September 2024

Background/Objectives: Intensive care unit (ICU) e-referrals are an important indicator for exploring potential deficiencies in critical care resources. This study aimed to examine the epidemiology and patterns of ICU e-referrals across all regions o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,137 Views
23 Pages

14 September 2022

It has become a common commercial phenomenon for retailers to establish their own brands. The manufacturer referral strategy is studied through a model which includes a manufacturer, a traditional retailer and a store brand retailer. We conduct resea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,956 Views
8 Pages

28 November 2022

Background: In view of the high incidence of infantile hemangioma (IH) in infants and young children, a comprehensive and reasonable evaluation scale for referral is urgently needed. This study compared the influence of the Hemangioma Severity Scale...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,444 Views
16 Pages

The number of bilingual-bicultural students in the US continues to grow exponentially. With this growth, educators have an increased need for ensuring that all bilingual-bicultural students have equal language learning opportunities. It is, therefore...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
12,045 Views
27 Pages

12 May 2014

This study assessed Australian clinicians’ knowledge, attitudes and referral patterns of patients with suspected Lynch syndrome for genetic services. A total of 144 oncologists, surgeons, gynaecologists, general practitioners and gastroenterologists...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
11,968 Views
12 Pages

The referral system in health care has been noted as very influential in determining which services are accessed and when. Nonetheless, existing studies have relied on specific measurable factors relating to health personnel, transportation and commu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
7,506 Views
15 Pages

18 February 2014

This article explores the views of general practitioners and specialists on their referral of patients with suspected Lynch syndrome to cancer genetic services. Using a purposive maximum variation sampling strategy, we conducted semi-structured inter...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1 Views
4 Pages

The current study aimed to determine the current practice of pediatric physicians in the referral of children (0-3 years) for further audiological evaluation in the South African public health care sector. Sixty three pediatric physicians comprising...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,901 Views
14 Pages

The geographical accessibility of public healthcare institutions is the key factor affecting the equity of healthcare services. Based on the hierarchical medical system and referral system in China, we analyzed the referral accessibility of hospitals...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,592 Views
15 Pages

Mouth Breathing and Orthodontic Referral in Pediatric Practice: A Cross-Sectional Survey

  • Tulca Büyükpatır Türk,
  • Barış Erkut Türk and
  • Yeşim Kaya

17 June 2025

Objectives: Mouth breathing in children may lead to craniofacial anomalies such as maxillary constriction. Pediatricians play a crucial role in recognizing early signs and making timely referrals. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness of pediatr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,447 Views
9 Pages

Health systems are becoming more complex, regulatory bodies are increasing their vigilance, and reimbursement practices are shifting toward value, making closing the referral loop an imperative for patient safety, regulatory oversight, and financial...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,060 Views
11 Pages

Losses in the Sputum Specimen Referral Cascade in Mpulungu District, Zambia: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • Ruth Goma,
  • Josphat Bwembya,
  • Brian Mwansa,
  • Phillimon Ndubani,
  • Francis Kasongo,
  • William Siame,
  • Lutinala Mulenga,
  • Ramya Kumar,
  • Seraphine Kaminsa and
  • Vimbai Makwambeni
  • + 3 authors

Sputum specimen referral cascades in resource-limited settings are characterized by losses of specimens, resulting in delays in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. Mpulungu District Health Office in Zambia conducted a quantitative based cross-sectional stud...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,410 Views
13 Pages

Patient Experiences and Perspectives of Their Decision-Making to Accept Lung Transplantation Referral: A Qualitative Study

  • Mengjie Chen,
  • Xueqiong Zou,
  • Jiang Nan,
  • Baiyila Nuerdawulieti,
  • Xiahere Huxitaer and
  • Yuyu Jiang

Providing early lung transplantation referral services should be considered to reduce pre-transplant mortality in patients with advanced disease. This study aimed to explore the reasons for lung transplantation referral decisions in patients and prov...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,124 Views
12 Pages

Predictors of Referral to Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients following Hospitalisation with Heart Failure: A Multivariate Regression Analysis

  • Catherine Giuliano,
  • Don Vicendese,
  • Sara Vogrin,
  • Rebecca Lane,
  • Andrea Driscoll,
  • Diem Dinh,
  • Katie Palmer,
  • Itamar Levinger and
  • Christopher Neil

24 February 2022

Background: This exploratory observational case–control study investigated the rate of referral to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) among patients hospitalised with heart failure (HF) and identified factors associated with referral. Methods: Patient...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,204 Views
16 Pages

Barriers and Benefits of the Scheduled Telephone Referral Model (DETELPROG): A Qualitative Approach

  • Luis Miguel Azogil-López,
  • Valle Coronado-Vázquez,
  • Juan José Pérez-Lázaro,
  • Juan Gómez-Salgado and
  • Esther María Medrano-Sánchez

The recently developed scheduled mobile-telephone referral model (DETELPROG) has achieved especially important results in reducing waiting days for patients, but it has been decided to explore what barriers and positive aspects were detected by both...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,591 Views
13 Pages

Referral Compliance Following a Diabetes Screening in a Dental Setting: A Scoping Review

  • Andre Priede,
  • Phyllis Lau,
  • Ivan Darby,
  • Mike Morgan and
  • Rodrigo Mariño

13 October 2022

With type 2 diabetes prevalence increasing in Australia, and the condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality, screening for dysglycaemia in the dental setting has been proposed to identify asymptomatic individuals. Screening commenc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,708 Views
18 Pages

A Qualitative Exploration of the Referral Process of Children with Common Infections from Private Low-Level Health Facilities in Western Uganda

  • Juliet Mwanga-Amumpaire,
  • Joan Nakayaga Kalyango,
  • Grace Ndeezi,
  • Joseph Rujumba,
  • Judith Owokuhaisa,
  • Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg,
  • Tobias Alfvén,
  • Celestino Obua and
  • Karin Källander

2 November 2021

Over 50% of sick children are treated by private primary-level facilities, but data on patient referral processes from such facilities are limited. We explored the perspectives of healthcare providers and child caretakers on the referral process of c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,538 Views
13 Pages

Medical Photography in Dermatology: Quality and Safety in the Referral Process to Secondary Healthcare

  • Eduarda Castro Almeida,
  • João Rocha-Neves,
  • Ana Filipa Pedrosa and
  • José Paulo Andrade

Background: Medical photography is widely used in dermatology referrals to secondary healthcare, yet concerns exist regarding image quality and data security. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of clinical photographs used in dermatology referr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,531 Views
12 Pages

Referral, Genetic Counselling, and BRCA Testing in the Manitoba High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Population, 2004–2019

  • Kelcey Winchar,
  • Pascal Lambert,
  • Kirk J. McManus,
  • Bernie Chodirker,
  • Sarah Kean,
  • Kim Serfas,
  • Kathleen Decker,
  • Mark W. Nachtigal and
  • Alon D. Altman

30 November 2022

(1) Background: The primary objective of this study was to examine the rate of genetic referral, BRCA testing, and BRCA positivity amongst all patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC) from 2004–2019. The secondary objective was t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,475 Views
12 Pages

Window of Opportunity: Rate of Referral to Infertility Providers among Reproductive-Age Women with Newly Diagnosed Gynecologic Cancers

  • Emily H. Frisch,
  • Meng Yao,
  • Hanna Kim,
  • Olivia Neumann,
  • Danielle B. Chau,
  • Elliott G. Richards and
  • Lindsey Beffa

11 August 2024

Background/Objective: Fertility preservation is an important part of oncologic care for newly diagnosed gynecologic cancers for reproductive-age women, as many treatment options negatively impact fertility. The goal of this study is to examine factor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,045 Views
11 Pages

Pre-Referral Microbiology in Long Bone Infection: What Can It Tell Us?

  • Andrew J. Hotchen,
  • Ruth A. Corrigan,
  • Maria Dudareva,
  • Andrew Bernard,
  • Jamie Ferguson,
  • Bridget L. Atkins and
  • Martin McNally

Background: It remains unclear how accurately patients’ previous microbiology correlates with that ascertained from deep sampling in long bone infection. This study assessed the quality of microbiology referral information and compared it to th...

  • Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,359 Views
27 Pages

A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Decision Support Systems for Healthcare Referral Strategies

  • Hesham Ali Behary Aboelkhir,
  • Adel Elomri,
  • Tarek Y. ElMekkawy,
  • Laoucine Kerbache,
  • Mohamed S. Elakkad,
  • Abdulla Al-Ansari,
  • Omar M. Aboumarzouk and
  • Abdelfatteh El Omri

Background: The referral process is an important research focus because of the potential consequences of delays, especially for patients with serious medical conditions that need immediate care, such as those with metastatic cancer. Thus, a systemati...

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