Receptor-targeted drug delivery has been extensively explored for active targeting of therapeutic moiety in cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the receptors that are overexpressed on tumor cells and have the potential to be targeted by nano...
Among primary brain tumors, malignant gliomas are notably difficult to manage. The higher-grade tumors represent an unmet need in medicine. There have been extensive efforts to implement receptor-targeted therapeutic approaches directed against gliom...
Background and Objectives: Quality of life (QoL) has become an essential outcome in patients with metastatic prostate cancer, particularly in the era of androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies. Although these agents improve survival, their differen...
Background: Hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer (HR + BC) is the most prevalent breast cancer. Endocrine therapy is the mainstay of treatment, however, due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease, resistance to endocrine ther...
The past decade has witnessed significant expansion in both preclinical and approved receptor-targeted therapeutic cell modalities. These include immune cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), and bispecific immune cell engager...
This study reports the CD44 receptor-targeted gold-doxorubicin nanocomposite (TGNC-DOX) for pulsatile chemo-photothermal therapy of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The developed TGNC-DOX was nanometric, having a particle size of 71.34 ±...
Malignant gliomas remain highly treatment-resistant brain tumors despite surgery and adjuvant therapies. Targeted toxin therapies represent a unique strategy that exploits receptor-mediated cellular internalization to deliver cytotoxic components tha...
This review article explores the fundamental role of receptor targeting in overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapy, an area of critical concern given the persistently high rates of cancer morbidity and mortality globally. We highlight how recept...
To date, our understanding of the Substance P (SP) and neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) system shows intricate relations between human physiology and disease occurrence or progression. Within the oncological field, overexpression of NK1R and this SP/NK1R...
Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRs) play critical roles in essentially all biological processes and their altered expression has been documented in various disease conditions, including human malignancies. Although several cellular...
Background/Objectives: Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, driven by invasive behavior and frequent resistance to systemic therapies. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EG...
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men, and advanced or metastatic disease remains associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Therapeutic progress in recent years has been driven by the introduction of targeted treatm...
Many breast and prostate cancers are driven by the action of steroid hormones on their cognate receptors in primary tumors and in metastases, and endocrine therapies that inhibit hormone production or block the action of these receptors provide clini...
Background: α-emitting Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (α-PRRT) is emerging as a promising new generation of PRRT for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), providing enhanced tumor cell cytotoxicity and reduced irradiation of adjacent healt...
One of the largest challenges to the implementation of precision oncology is identifying and validating selective tumor-driving targets to enhance the therapeutic efficacy while limiting off-target toxicity. In this context, the urokinase-type plasmi...
Despite the development of a wide plethora of different anticancer agents, most of them are not used for patient treatment due to adverse effects caused by untargeted cytotoxicity. To prevent this unwanted toxicity, it is necessary to develop therapi...
Metabolic disorders, including metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), obesity, and dyslipidemia, impose a substantial and escalating global health burden, highlighting an urgent need for effective pharmacotherapies. Selective m...
Background: We aimed to characterize γ-H2AX and 53BP1 foci formation in patients receiving somatostatin receptor-targeted radioligand therapy, and explored its role for predicting treatment-related hematotoxicity, and treatment response. Methods: A p...
In the past two decades, several molecular targeted inhibitors have been developed and evaluated clinically to improve the survival of patients with cancer. Molecular targeted inhibitors inhibit the activities of pathogenic tyrosine kinases. Particul...
Chemotherapeutic and cytotoxic drugs are widely used in the treatment of cancer. In spite of the improvements in the life quality of patients, their effectiveness is compromised by several disadvantages. This represents a demand for developing new ef...
Background/Objectives: Abiraterone acetate, apalutamide, darolutamide, and enzalutamide, which make up the androgen receptor axis-targeted therapies (ARATs) drug class, are commonly used in the management of prostate cancer. Many patients on ARATs al...
Targeted tumour therapy has proved to be an efficient alternative to overcome the limitations of conventional chemotherapy. Among several receptors upregulated in cancer cells, the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R) has recently emerged as a...
Microvesicle particles (MVP) secreted by a variety of cell types in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating pro-oxidative stressors have been implicated in modifying the cellular responses including the sensitivity to therapeutic agents....
Human epidermal growth factor (HER2) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that is frequently overexpressed in breast cancer. Its increased level prognoses a poor patient outcome and a high mortality rate. Despite the widening spectrum of thera...
Glioblastoma (GB) remains the most fatal brain tumor characterized by a high infiltration rate and treatment resistance. Overexpression and/or mutation of receptor tyrosine kinases is common in GB, which subsequently leads to the activation of many d...
Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are the most common subtype of NETs, and their incidence continues to increase worldwide. Many NETs express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), enabling molecular imaging and treatment with radiol...
Brain tumors represent a heterogeneous group of neoplasms characterized by a high degree of aggressiveness and a poor prognosis. Despite recent therapeutic advances, the treatment of brain tumors, including glioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive primary b...
Tobacco use remains one of the leading preventable causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, contributing to more than 7 million deaths annually and imposing a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems and global productivity. The addictiv...
The development and design of immune-based strategies have become an increasingly important topic during the last few years in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), based on successful immunotherapies in solid cancer. The spectrum ranges from antibody drug c...
Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) has recently seen a surge in popularity with the use of radionuclides conjugated to small molecules and antibodies. Similarly, immunotherapy also has shown promising results, an example being chimeric antigen recep...
Immune checkpoint blockade inhibitors (CBIs) targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) and program death receptor-1 (PD-1) or its ligand-1 (PD-L1) have transformed the outlook of many patients with cancer. This remarkable progres...
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a cornerstone of treatment for prostate cancer and, in recent years, androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies (abiraterone and enzalutamide) have both been used for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate...
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is upregulated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) compared to other breast cancer subtypes and normal tissues. Current Wnt/β-catenin inhibitors, such as niclosamide, target the pathway nonspecifically and exhibi...
The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are key drivers of cancer progression and targets for drug therapy. A major challenge in anti-RTK treatment is the dependence of drug effectiveness on co-expression of multiple RTKs which defines resistance to sin...
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease in which immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies (Abs) bind to acetylcholine receptors (AChR) or to functionally related molecules in the postsynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction. IgG crystallizabl...
Globally, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. The majority of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumours express epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which allows for precise and targeted therapy in these patients. The dysre...
Background/Objectives: The use of HER2-targeted therapies has significantly improved survival outcomes in metastatic hormone receptor-negative, HER2-positive (HR−/HER2+) breast cancer. However, factors influencing their adoption remain unclear....
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP NENs) are rare cancers consisting of neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), which have been increasing in incidence in recent years. Few cell lines and pre-clinical mode...
Targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) has the potential to improve the therapeutic effect of PDT due to significantly better tumor responses and less normal tissue damage. Here we investigated if the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)...
Chimeric-antigen-receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for CD19-expressing B-cell malignancies is already widely adopted in clinical practice. On the other hand, the development of CAR-T-cell therapy for T-cell malignancies is in its nascent stage. One of th...
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer accounting for the majority of cases and exhibiting persistent challenges related to therapy resistance and metastatic progression. Increasin...
Breast cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. The complexity of endocrine regulation in breast cancer may allow the cancer cells to escape from a particular treatment and result in resistant and aggressive disease. These breast cancers usually h...
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) α, β, and γ are nuclear receptors that orchestrate the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in a variety of biological responses, such as energy metabolism and homeostasis,...
This review article explores the evolving landscape of Molecular Radiotherapy (MRT), emphasizing Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) for neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). The primary focus is on the transition from β-emitting radiopharmace...
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown improvements in cancer treatment and in the induction of a proper anti-tumor immune response. However, current photosensitizers (PS) lack tumor specificity, resulting in reduced efficacy and side effects in patien...
Gastric cancer (GC) continues to be a major cause of cancer-related deaths globally, primarily due to resistance to standard treatments like 5-fluorouracil (5FU). The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway is recognized as a...
Receptor dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer and a major driver of tumor initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance. Among the most clinically relevant receptors are the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth facto...
Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors. The majority of patients can be cured by surgery, or tumor growth can be stabilized by radiation. However, the management of recurrent and more aggressive tumors remains difficult because n...
Objectives: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) commonly relies on somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) agonists such as DOTA-TOC/TATE, which may show limited efficacy due to high hepatic uptake and therapy...
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are transmembrane receptors that bind growth factors and cytokines and contain a regulated kinase activity within their cytoplasmic domain. RTKs play an important role in signal transduction in both normal and maligna...
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