Hormone Receptor in Breast Cancer

Dear Colleagues,

Several factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. In this vein, about 5–10 % of all breast cancers can be attributed to inherited gene mutations, and the remainder are generally associated with environmental, reproductive, and lifestyle factors. Exposure to chemicals like endocrine disruptor compounds is related to a predisposition to developing breast cancer since these compounds interact with hormone receptors. Additionally, reproductive factors related to the time of exposure to estrogens in the woman's life have been frequently implicated in the risk and causation of breast cancer. These include developing menarche at an early age of menarche or menopause at a late age of menopause, late age of first pregnancy, nulliparity or low parity, and prolonged use of hormone replacement therapy. Obesity increases the risk of developing breast cancer in pre-and postmenopausal women. In contrast, some consumption of compound naturals, such as phytoestrogens (like resveratrol), may be protective. Since hormone factors are crucial for the oncogenesis of breast cancer, endocrine treatment is of significant therapeutic value in patients with estrogen receptor-positive tumors, including selective estrogen–receptor modulators (SERMs), such as tamoxifen and raloxifene, aromatase inhibitors, and Fulvestrant. Although estrogen and progesterone receptors are crucial in the classification and carcinogenesis of mammary tumors, androgen receptor signaling has also influenced the triple-negative breast cancer subtype.

Therefore, authors are invited to submit original research and review articles that address the progress and current state of the art of breast cancer hormone receptors.

The topics of this Special Issue Include, but are not limited to:

• Hormone receptor signaling pathways;
• Breast cancer and pregnancy;
• Combinations of antineoplastic with anti-hormone treatments;
• Hormonal prevention of breast cancer;
• Endocrine therapies.

Dr. Rocío García-Becerra
Guest Editor

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