Pension funds, which manage the financing of a large share of global retirement schemes, need to invest their assets in a diversified manner and over long durations while managing interest rate and longevity risks. In recent years, a new type of inve...
We investigate the impact of model uncertainty on hedging longevity risk with index-based derivatives and assessing longevity basis risk, which arises from the mismatch between the hedging instruments and the portfolio being hedged. We apply the biva...
Lipids were determinants in the appearance and evolution of life. Recent studies disclose the existence of a link between lipids and animal longevity. Findings from both comparative studies and genetics and nutritional interventions in invertebrates,...
Phytochemicals are structurally diverse secondary metabolites synthesized by plants and also by non-pathogenic endophytic microorganisms living within plants. Phytochemicals help plants to survive environmental stresses, protect plants from microbial...
Several studies on the genetics of longevity have been reviewed in this paper. The results show that, despite efforts and new technologies, only two genes, APOE and FOXO3A, involved in the protection of cardiovascular diseases, have been shown to be...
4 October 2019
A longevity area in Xinjiang, China and an adjacent non-longevity area both have similar climatic and hydrogeological conditions, and the residents of the two control groups have similar ethnic composition, diets and lifestyles. This study investigat...
Annuities providers become more and more exposed to longevity risk due to the increase in life expectancy. To hedge this risk, new longevity derivatives have been proposed (longevity bonds, q-forwards, S-swaps…). Although academic researchers,...
This paper assesses the hedge effectiveness of an index-based longevity swap and a longevity cap for a life annuity portfolio. Although longevity swaps are a natural instrument for hedging longevity risk, derivatives with non-linear pay-offs, such as...
The variety of lifespans of different organisms in nature is amazing. Although it is acknowledged that the longevity is determined by a complex interaction between hereditary and environmental factors, many questions about factors defining lifespan r...
8 October 2017
Human longevity is influenced by environment and nutrition. We considered environmental and nutritional factors relating to longevity in Chinese cities. We found higher 85+/65+ distribution ratios, indicating enhanced longevity, in the coastal and so...
We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of human extreme longevity (EL), defined as surviving past the 99th survival percentile, by aggregating data from four centenarian studies. The combined data included 2304 EL cases and 5879 controls...
8 May 2018
Despite a number of longevity indicators having been used in previous longevity studies, few studies have critically evaluated whether these indicators are suitable to assess the regional longevity level. In addition, an increasing number of studies...
S. cerevisiae plays a pivotal role as a model system in understanding the biochemistry and molecular biology of mammals including humans. A considerable portion of our knowledge on the genes and pathways involved in cellular growth, resistance to tox...
Telomere dynamics have been found to be better predictors of survival and mortality than chronological age. Telomeres, the caps that protect the end of linear chromosomes, are known to shorten with age, inducing cell senescence and aging. Furthermore...
Sea urchins are a minor class of marine invertebrates that share genetic similarities with humans. For example, the sea urchin species Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is estimated to have 23,300 genes in which the majority of vertebrate gene families a...
Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation process for cytoplasmic components, including organelles, membranes, and proteins, and critically secures eukaryotic cellular homeostasis and survival. Moreover, autophagy-related (ATG) genes are considered essent...
Seed longevity, which holds paramount importance for agriculture and biodiversity conservation, continues to represent a formidable frontier in plant biology research. While advances have been made in identifying regulatory elements, the precise mech...
Studies investigating exceptionally long-lived (ELL) individuals, including genetic studies, have linked cardiovascular-related pathways, particularly lipid and cholesterol homeostasis, with longevity. This study explored the genetic profiles of ELL...
Trees are unique in terms of development, sustainability and longevity. Some species have a record lifespan in the living world, reaching several millennia. The aim of this review is to summarize the available data on the genetic and epigenetic mecha...
28 May 2017
Influenced by a special local environment, the proportion of centenarians is particularly high in some places, known as “blue zones”. Blue zones are mysterious regions that continue to attract research. This paper explores the spatial distribution of...
Since the discovery of PTEN, this protein has been shown to be an effective suppressor of cancer and a contributor to longevity. This report will review, in depth, the associations between PTEN and other molecules, its mutations and regulations in or...
The lifespan or longevity of a seed is the time period over which it can remain viable. Seed longevity is a complex trait and varies greatly between species and even seed lots of the same species. Our scientific understanding of seed longevity has ad...
Despite popular misconceptions, cooperatives present a very successful organizational form worldwide. A recent study found that in the U.S., for example, 134 agricultural cooperatives celebrated their 100th anniversary in 2014. This observation on co...
Background: Observational studies have suggested that paternal longevity is associated with reduced risks of cardiovascular diseases, yet the causal association remains to be determined. Objectives: To investigate whether Mendelian randomization (MR)...
For annuity providers, a higher life expectancy is not always positive news, as it potentially implies increased future costs, since benefits must be provided over a longer period of time. The underlying risk behind the unexpected improvement in life...
Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Cardiac rhythm management devices (CRMDs) are used to diagnose and treat heart rhythm abnormalities. Many prospective randomized trials over the past decade have established the effica...
The previous literature shows that firms’ purposes and behaviors vary across countries, but few studies have empirically examined whether firm performance varies across countries. This study compares the performance of the world’s largest...
3 October 2019
Air pollution has become a global environmental challenge and poses major threats to human health, particularly for the aging population. However, few studies have investigated the effects of air pollutants on human longevity, especially based on the...
This paper addresses the risk-minimization problem, with and without mortality securitization, à la Föllmer–Sondermann for a large class of equity-linked mortality contracts when no model for the death time is specified. This framework includes situa...
From the perspectives of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and the theory of complex systems, a characterization of longevity and aging and their relationships with the emergence and evolution of cancer was carried out. It was found that:...
The jamu (Indonesian traditional herbal drink) industry has grown in popularity because of people’s increased interest in the qualities of herbal remedies for bodily immunity. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected not only the market but also how...
Human genomic analysis and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genes that are risk factors for early and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD genes). Although the genetics of aging and longevity have been extensively studied, p...
19 July 2017
The study aims to determine the spatial and temporal variation of a longevous region and explore the correlation between longevity and socioeconomic development. Population data at the township level were obtained from the last four population census...
Proline is a pivotal and multifunctional amino acid that is used not only as a nitrogen source but also as a stress protectant and energy source. Therefore, proline metabolism is known to be important in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Here, we dis...
This paper captures and measures the longevity risk generated by an annuity product. The longevity risk is materialized by the uncertain level of the future liability compared to the initially foretasted or expected value. Herein we compute the solve...
A long-standing problem in ageing research is to understand how different factors contributing to longevity should be expected to act in combination under the assumption that they are independent. Standard interaction analysis compares the extension...
Given that the extracellular matrix polymer hyaluronan (HA) has been implicated in longevity, we asked whether 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), an inhibitor of HA synthesis, impacts lifespan in mice. We designed a prospective study of long-term administ...
Damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) results in defective electron transport system (ETS) complexes, initiating a cycle of impaired oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and chronic low-grade inflammat...
23 November 2022
The populations of some developing countries are aging rapidly, while the average years of schooling for residents are also constantly increasing. However, the question of whether adult children’s education affects the longevity of their older...
Seed longevity is the most important trait related to the management of gene banks because it governs the regeneration cycle of seeds. Thus, seed longevity is a quantitative trait. Prior to the discovery of molecular markers, classical genetic studie...
Human longevity is a complex phenotype resulting from the combinations of context-dependent gene-environment interactions that require analysis as a dynamic process in a cohesive ecological and evolutionary framework. Genome-wide association (GWAS) a...
We have shown before that at least one intracellular proteolytic system seems to be at least as abundant in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of centenarians as in the same cells of young individuals (with the cells of the elderly population showing a...
We propose a multi-cohort model that is able to capture the mortality correlation between different cohorts. The model is based on the Hull and White process to which we incorporate inter-generational risk factors, by modifying its stochastic part. W...
Elderly Costa Ricans have lower mortality rates compared to their counterparts from developed countries. Reasons for this survival advantage are not completely known. In the present study, we aimed to identify dietary factors associated with leukocyt...
14 January 2023
Familial longevity confers advantages in terms of health, functionality, and longevity. We sought to assess potential differences in frailty and sarcopenia in older adults according to a parental history of extraordinary longevity. A total of 176 com...
The aim of this research is to establish proper external and internal conditions for conducting pedagogical activity that reveal the value basis of professional education. The research justifies the need to analyse the guidelines of a person’s...
Longevity risk constitutes an important risk factor for life insurance companies, and it can be managed through longevity-linked securities. The market of longevity-linked securities is at present far from being complete and does not allow finding a...
With the increase of photovoltaic (PV) penetration in the power grid, the reliability and longevity of PV modules are important for improving their payback period and reducing recycling needs. Although the performance of PV systems has been optimized...
Upon storage, seeds inevitably age and lose their viability over time, which determines their longevity. Longevity correlates with successful seed germination and enhancing this trait is of fundamental importance for long-term seed storage (germplasm...
Life expectancies after the age of 70 and the number of individuals living with age-related chronic conditions that affect daily activities continue to increase. Age-specific nutritional recommendations may help to decrease the incidence or severity...
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