Floral organ formation has been the subject of intensive study for over 20 years, particularly in the model dicot species Arabidopsis thaliana. These studies have led to the establishment of a general model for the development of floral organs in hig...
Providing appropriate positional identity and patterning information to distinct rostrocaudal subpopulations of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) is central to vertebrate craniofacial morphogenesis. Hox genes are not expressed in frontonasal and fir...
Complete differentiation of the spikes guarantees the final wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield. A unique wheat mutant that prematurely terminated spike differentiation (ptsd1) was obtained from cultivar Guomai 301 treated with ethyl methane sul...
In the rosid species Arabidopsis thaliana, the AP2-type AP2 transcription factor (TF) is required for specifying the sepals and petals identities and confers a major A-function to antagonize the C-function in the outer floral whorls. In the asterid s...
Arabidopsis PISTILLATA (PI) encodes B-class MADS-box transcription factor (TF), and works together with APETALA3 (AP3) to specify petal and stamen identity. However, a small-scale gene duplication event of PI ortholog was observed in common buck...
The sweet chestnut tree (Castanea sativa Mill.) is one of the most significant Mediterranean tree species, being an important natural resource for the wood and fruit industries. It is a monoecious species, presenting unisexual male catkins and bisexu...
(1) Background: Abdominal-A (Abd-A) and Ultrabithorax (Ubx) are homeotic genes that determine the identity and morphology of the thorax and abdomen in insects. The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a d...
Fruit set is the earliest phase of fruit growth and represents the onset of ovary growth after successful fertilization. In parthenocarpy, fruit formation is less affected by environmental factors because it occurs in the absence of pollination and f...
The development of floral organs is coordinated by an elaborate network of homeotic genes, and gibberellin (GA) signaling is involved in floral organ development; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, we f...
Polycomp group (PcG) proteins are members of highly conserved multiprotein complexes, recognized as gene transcriptional repressors during development and shown to play a role in various physiological and pathological processes. PcG proteins consist...
The Hox gene cluster, responsible for patterning of the head–tail axis, is an ancestral feature of all bilaterally symmetrical animals (the Bilateria) that remains intact in a wide range of species. We can say that the Hox cluster evolved succe...
7 September 2022
The developmental regulation of flower organs involves the spatio-temporal regulation of floral homeotic genes. BASIC PENTACYSTEINE genes are plant-specific transcription factors that is involved in many aspects of plant development through gene tran...
Hox genes function early in development to determine regional identity in animals. Consequently, the loss or gain of Hox gene expression can change this identity and cause homeotic transformations. Over 20 years ago, it was observed that the role of...
Magnoliids represent one of the most basal lineages within angiosperms, and their ancestral floral morphology provides crucial insights into the evolution of flowers in angiosperms. MCM1-AGAMOUS-DEFICIENS-SRF (MADS)-box transcription factors play cru...
Flowering is a pivotal developmental process in response to the environment and determines the start of a new life cycle in plants. Woody plants usually possess a long juvenile nonflowering phase followed by an adult phase with repeated flowering cyc...
Mites, the second largest arthropod group, exhibit rich phenotypic diversity in the development of appendages (legs). For example, the fourth pair of legs (L4) does not form until the second postembryonic developmental stage, namely the protonymph st...
The identification downstream genes of floral organ identity regulators are critical to revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying floral morphogenesis. However, a general regulatory pathway between floral organ identity genes and their downstream...
The trithorax group (TrxG) complex is an important protein in the regulation of plant histone methylation. The ABSENT, SMALL, OR HOMEOTIC DISCS 1 (ASH1) gene family, as important family members of the TrxG complex, has been shown to regulate toleranc...
MADS-box transcription factors (TFs) are involved in multiple plant development processes and are most known during the reproductive transition and floral organ development. Very few genes have been characterized in the genome of Humulus lupulus L. (...
Argan trees (Argania spinosa) belong to a species native to southwestern Morocco, playing an important role in the environment and local economy. Argan oil extracted from kernels has a unique composition and properties. Argan trees were introduced in...
AGL6 genes are critical floral regulators in diverse angiosperms, yet their roles in legumes remain poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize GmAGL6 genes in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Williams 82). We identified four homologs (GmA...
Grasses represent a major family of monocots comprising mostly cereals. When compared to their eudicot counterparts, cereals show a remarkable morphological diversity. Understanding the molecular basis of floral organ identity and inflorescence devel...
Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster) has been widely used in biology, including classical genetics, for almost a century. With the entire D. melanogaster genome sequenced and the existence of transgenic and mutant individuals, the species offers...
Asteraceae, as the largest angiosperm family, has an architecturally complex capitulum (inflorescences) composed of heteromorphic florets with distinct morphologies and functions. AGAMOUS (AG) MADS-box transcription factors act as key regulators in f...
Orchid flowers have evolved in concert with pollinators to form highly specialized structures resulting in zygomorphy. In dicotyledons, it is widely accepted that CYC-like genes are involved in the dorsoventral polarity establishment of flowers, whic...
Dysregulation of transcriptional pathways is observed in multiple forms of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as intellectual disability (ID), epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We previously demonstrated that the NDD genes encoding...
Orchids are among the most precious flowers in the world. Regulation of flowering time is one of the most important targets to enhance their ornamental value. The beauty of Arundina graminifolia is its year-round flowering, although the molecular mec...
The homeotic gene Antennapedia (Antp) has been identified as playing a pivotal role in the morphogenesis of the thorax and wings across various insect species. Leveraging insights from previous studies, the functional characterization of Antp in S. f...
The floral morphology of Rosa chinensis significantly influences its ornamental value. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying specific floral types remain poorly understood. Viridiflora, a stable genetic variant of R. chinensis, exhibits homeot...
The miRNA172–APETALA2 (AP2) regulatory module is a conserved mechanism governing floral development in plants. Disruption of the miR172 target sites in AP2 genes has been shown to be key to the domestication of double flowers in ornamental spec...
Female gametogenesis is orchestrated by dynamic epigenetic modifications. In mammals, SETDB1, a histone H3K9 methyltransferase, is required for proper meiotic progression and early embryonic development. In Drosophila, the ortholog of SETDB1 plays a...
Flower induction is an essential stage in walnut (Juglans regia L.) trees, directly affecting yield, yield stability, fruit quality and commodity value. The objective of this study was to identify miRNAs related to female flower induction via high-th...
Background: ASH1L (absent, small, or homeotic-like 1), a histone methyltransferase, has been identified as a high-risk gene for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We previously showed that postnatal Ash1l severe deficiency in the prefrontal cortex (PFC)...
Polycomb group proteins (PcG) are major epigenetic regulators, essential for establishing heritable expression patterns of developmental control genes. The mouse PcG family member M33/Cbx2 (Chromobox homolog protein 2) is a component of the Polycomb-...
Cultivated yam (Dioscorea rotundata) is a staple tuber crop in West Africa which is mainly vegetatively propagated. Although the majority of yam cultivars flower, the control of their sexual reproduction remains largely unknown despite its importance...