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  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
5,387 Views
25 Pages

Interaction Graphs for Cascading Failure Analysis in Power Grids: A Survey

  • Upama Nakarmi,
  • Mahshid Rahnamay Naeini,
  • Md Jakir Hossain and
  • Md Abul Hasnat

2 May 2020

Understanding and analyzing cascading failures in power grids have been the focus of many researchers for years. However, the complex interactions among the large number of components in these systems and their contributions to cascading failures are...

  • Article
  • Open Access
64 Citations
7,778 Views
13 Pages

Enhancing the Power Quality of the Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic-Electric Vehicle System

  • Md Mujahid Irfan,
  • Shriram S. Rangarajan,
  • E. Randolph Collins and
  • Tomonobu Senjyu

Grid interactive solar photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems are the emerging technologies nowadays, mainly due to energy cost reduction and minimization of emission levels. Various research surveys have presented the effect of grid int...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,332 Views
21 Pages

19 August 2024

The regional source–grid–load friendly interaction and precision regulation of adjustable resources with high sensitivity provide important support for the development of a new power system, improving its regulation ability and efficiency...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
4,555 Views
19 Pages

20 November 2018

The interaction between the gird and wind farms has significant impact on the power grid, therefore prediction of the interaction between gird and wind farms is of great significance. In this paper, a wind turbine-gird interaction prediction model ba...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,492 Views
20 Pages

9 December 2024

In the context of advancing new power systems, a multi-source–grid–load interactive operation framework considering low-carbon demand hierarchical response is developed to further explore the support value of the multi-source–grid&n...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,273 Views
19 Pages

19 July 2024

Automatic distribution master stations (ADMSs) are software platforms that can be used to monitor energy supply and consumption of power demand-side resources as well as to guarantee grid security. They play a vital role in maintaining the optimal pe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Symmetry2026, 18(3), 523;https://doi.org/10.3390/sym18030523 
(registering DOI)

18 March 2026

With the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources, distribution networks face elevated risks of power disruptions, which call for rapid and flexible emergency response mechanisms. There are not enough traditional emergency generator veh...

  • Article
  • Open Access
320 Views
18 Pages

Virtual synchronous machine (VSG) technology provides a robust framework for integrating electric vehicle energy storage into modern microgrids. Nonetheless, conventional VSG control often suffers from intense interaction between active and reactive...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
8,993 Views
24 Pages

21 April 2016

Nuclear power plants (NPPs) have recently undergone rapid development in China. To improve the performance of both NPPs and grids during adverse conditions, a precise understanding of the coordination between NPPs and grids is required. Therefore, a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,711 Views
31 Pages

12 March 2021

This paper presents the transient stability analysis of a pressurised water-type nuclear power plant following faults and disturbances affecting the electricity grid to which it is connected. The modelled nuclear plant consists of various integrated...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,344 Views
16 Pages

20 March 2022

Formulating a reasonable and feasible unit maintenance scheme is a promising way to eliminate potential risks and improve the reliability of power systems. However, the uncertainty and volatility of new energy outputs, such as wind power, increase th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,616 Views
18 Pages

Interaction Mechanism and Oscillation Characteristics of Grid-Connected Concentrating Solar Power–Battery Energy Storage System–Wind Hybrid Energy System

  • Shengliang Cai,
  • Guobin Fu,
  • Xuebin Wang,
  • Guoqiang Lu,
  • Rui Song,
  • Haibin Sun,
  • Zhihang Xue,
  • Yangsunnan Xu and
  • Peng Kou

8 March 2025

Solar thermal concentrating solar power (CSP) plants have attracted growing interest in the field of renewable energy generation due to their capability for large-scale electricity generation, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and enhanced re...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,257 Views
4 Pages

26 November 2021

This editorial document provides the main motivations and a brief description of each paper published in the “Rethinking the Distribution Power Network Planning and Operation for a Sustainable Smart Grid and Smooth Interaction with Electrified...

  • Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,742 Views
55 Pages

11 February 2025

Energy plays a crucial role in driving economic growth, and India’s energy consumption has increased notably due to its growing population and development. At present, fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas fulfill the majority o...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,138 Views
30 Pages

Existing Stature and Possible Outlook of Renewable Power in Comprehensive Electricity Market

  • Shreya Shree Das,
  • Jayendra Kumar,
  • Subhojit Dawn and
  • Ferdinando Salata

19 June 2023

The massive growth in power demand and the sharp decay in the availability of conventional energy sources forces society to move toward renewable power consumption. The rise in renewable energy utilization is one of the greatest strategies involved i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,383 Views
18 Pages

Quasi-Z Source T-Type Power Converter for PV Based Commercial and Industrial Nanogrids with Active Functions Strategy

  • Fermín Barrero-González,
  • Carlos Roncero-Clemente,
  • María Isabel Milanés-Montero,
  • Eva González-Romera,
  • Enrique Romero-Cadaval and
  • Oleksandr Husev

Since most power electronics used in photovoltaic (PV) inverters at commercial and industrial facilities exhibit behavior as non-linear loads from the grid side, these high-power demand installations are expected to have a major impact on the network...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,206 Views
17 Pages

10 February 2023

In this paper, the collaboration of a GlidArc-type plasma reactor with four dedicated power supplies was analysed. Each power supply is characterised by a different design solution. Plasma generation by electrical discharge requires a careful analysi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
7,852 Views
23 Pages

A Chronological Literature Review of Electric Vehicle Interactions with Power Distribution Systems

  • Andrés Arias-Londoño,
  • Oscar Danilo Montoya and
  • Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña

11 June 2020

In the last decade, the deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) has been largely promoted. This development has increased challenges in the power systems in the context of planning and operation due to the massive amount of recharge needed for EVs. Fur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,511 Views
22 Pages

2 September 2024

To solve the problem of the oscillation stability of direct-driven wind-powered grid-connected systems with a low-voltage crossing control, a method of oscillation stability analysis for these systems, based on interactive energy, is proposed in this...

  • Article
  • Open Access
73 Citations
11,722 Views
39 Pages

Pandapipes: An Open-Source Piping Grid Calculation Package for Multi-Energy Grid Simulations

  • Daniel Lohmeier,
  • Dennis Cronbach,
  • Simon Ruben Drauz,
  • Martin Braun and
  • Tanja Manuela Kneiske

26 November 2020

The increasing complexity of the design and operation evaluation process of multi-energy grids (MEGs) requires tools for the coupled simulation of power, gas and district heating grids. In this work, we analyze a number of applicable tools and find t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
510 Views
19 Pages

26 November 2025

The combination of grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) distributed renewable resources (DERs) can leverage their complementary functionalities to achieve superior resilience, reliability, and power quality compared to systems employing a sing...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,644 Views
17 Pages

An Experimental Implementation of a Resilient Graphic Rendering Cluster

  • Tibor Skala,
  • Mirsad Todorovac,
  • Miklós Kozlovszky and
  • Marko Maričević

17 December 2021

In this paper, we describe the challenge of developing a web front that will give an interactive and relatively immediate result without the overhead of complex grid scheduling, in the sense of the grid’s lack of interactivity and need for cert...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,091 Views
12 Pages

Impact of Road-Block on Peak-Load of Coupled Traffic and Energy Transportation Networks

  • Xian Yang,
  • Yong Li,
  • Ye Cai,
  • Yijia Cao,
  • Kwang Y. Lee and
  • Zhijian Jia

6 July 2018

With electric vehicles (EVs) pouring into infrastructure systems, coupled traffic and energy transportation networks (CTETNs) can be applied to capture the interactions between the power grids and transportation networks. However, most research has f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,133 Views
14 Pages

Intelligent Regulation Method for a Controllable Load Used for Improving Wind Power Integration

  • Jia-Jue Li,
  • Bao-Zhu Shao,
  • Jun-Hui Li,
  • Wei-Chun Ge,
  • Jia-Hui Zhang and
  • Heng-Yu Zhou

8 November 2018

Improving the safety and stability of power systems by adjusting the controllable load to improve the wind power integration has become a hot research topic. However, the methodology of accurately controlling the load and fundamentally improving the...

  • Review
  • Open Access
19 Citations
4,297 Views
30 Pages

27 July 2022

With the move towards decarbonization of the energy system and increased use of renewable generation, the number of power electronics converter interfaced resources connecting to the grid is growing. These power electronics converters have fast dynam...

  • Article
  • Open Access
64 Citations
8,507 Views
21 Pages

Minimization of Load Variance in Power Grids—Investigation on Optimal Vehicle-to-Grid Scheduling

  • Kang Miao Tan,
  • Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy,
  • Jia Ying Yong,
  • Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban,
  • Lucian Mihet-Popa and
  • Frede Blaabjerg

16 November 2017

The introduction of electric vehicles into the transportation sector helps reduce global warming and carbon emissions. The interaction between electric vehicles and the power grid has spurred the emergence of a smart grid technology, denoted as vehic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,344 Views
14 Pages

21 November 2023

With the popularity of solar Photovoltaic (PV) power generation, the real-time interaction between distributed microgrids and large grids has become a new hotspot of concern. In distributed PV power trading, we aim to achieve a dynamic balance betwee...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,524 Views
17 Pages

1 May 2018

Implementation of a smart power conditioning system with a novel seamless transfer method for an energy storage system (ESS) was proposed in this paper. The power conditioning system is to control the power quality or protect the grid system. Therefo...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,538 Views
28 Pages

9 August 2023

Power-converter-based energy-harvesting and storage systems are becoming more prevalent in the electrical grid, replacing conventional synchronous generators. Consequently, grid inertia is diminishing, and to address this, inverter-based energy conve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,527 Views
17 Pages

27 August 2018

The existing stability investigations of the system containing different types of inverters are insufficient. The paper aims to reveal the more universal interaction stability mechanism of the system containing different types of inverters. Firstly,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
558 Views
25 Pages

20 October 2025

The increasing global energy demand is driving the deployment of renewable energy in the electrical power infrastructure, which emphasizes the critical importance of grid-connected inverters (GCIs). As the power injected into the utility grid increas...

  • Review
  • Open Access
48 Citations
15,996 Views
28 Pages

Power grids of the future will likely incorporate more renewable energy distributed generation (REDG), also known as alternative energy systems. REDG units are increasingly being used in electrical transmission networks because of the positive effect...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,266 Views
24 Pages

9 February 2025

The development of the elastic balance area within the distribution network places greater demands on the interaction between sources and loads, which impacts the stability of the power system. While achieving symmetry in active power is essential fo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
2,356 Views
13 Pages

3 November 2022

The economic power-dispatching model of a multi-microgrid is comprehensively established in this paper, considering many factors, such as generation cost, discharge cost, power-purchase cost, power sales revenue, and environmental cost. To construct...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
68 Citations
11,951 Views
26 Pages

20 December 2019

The traditional unidirectional, passive distribution power grids are rapidly developing into bidirectional, interactive, multi-coordinated smart grids that cover distributed power generation along with advanced information communications and electron...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
2,864 Views
15 Pages

Utilization of Electric Vehicle Grid Integration System for Power Grid Ancillary Services

  • Himadry Shekhar Das,
  • Md Nurunnabi,
  • Mohamed Salem,
  • Shuhui Li and
  • Mohammad Mominur Rahman

17 November 2022

Electric vehicle grid integration (EVGI) is one of the most important parts of transportation electrification. However, large-scale EV charging/discharging can have an adverse effect on the distribution grid, due to a large amount of load being drawn...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,006 Views
36 Pages

Demonstration of Grid-Forming Controls in Hybrid AC/DC Grid in a Real-Time PHiL Environment

  • Michael Richter,
  • Ananya Kuri,
  • Julian Richter,
  • Timo Wagner,
  • Stefan Henninger and
  • Gert Mehlmann

13 February 2025

The transition to inverter-dominated power systems with novel control strategies has created weak grid scenarios, prompting extensive research into grid-forming (GFM) converters and advanced GFM control schemes. This study evaluates two GFM control s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,786 Views
22 Pages

4 September 2022

With China’s carbon peak and target proposed and the power system as an important source of carbon emissions, its carbon reduction issues are of great concern. However, the mismatch between power demand, resources, and generation facilities in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,334 Views
22 Pages

24 May 2022

As many distributed power sources flood into the distribution network, the relationship between transmission and distribution grids in reactive power and voltage is becoming closer and closer. The traditional way of independent reactive power optimiz...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,263 Views
16 Pages

Economic Dispatch between Distribution Grids and Virtual Power Plants under Voltage Security Constraints

  • Tiankai Yang,
  • Jixiang Wang,
  • Yongliang Liang,
  • Chuan Xiang and
  • Chao Wang

25 December 2023

Due to the high penetration of virtual power plants (VPPs), the bi-directional power flow between VPPs and active distribution grids makes the grid operation complex. Without congestion management, the operation schedule only considers the economic b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
5,891 Views
28 Pages

An AI-Layered with Multi-Agent Systems Architecture for Prognostics Health Management of Smart Transformers: A Novel Approach for Smart Grid-Ready Energy Management Systems

  • Oussama Laayati,
  • Hicham El Hadraoui,
  • Adila El Magharaoui,
  • Nabil El-Bazi,
  • Mostafa Bouzi,
  • Ahmed Chebak and
  • Josep M. Guerrero

1 October 2022

After the massive integration of distributed energy resources, energy storage systems and the charging stations of electric vehicles, it has become very difficult to implement an efficient grid energy management system regarding the unmanageable beha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,890 Views
19 Pages

Small-Signal Stability of Hybrid Inverters with Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Controls

  • Xiaotong Ji,
  • Dan Liu,
  • Kezheng Jiang,
  • Zhe Zhang and
  • Yongheng Yang

29 March 2024

In the modern power grid, characterized by the increased penetration of power electronics and extensive utilization of renewable energy, inverter-based power plants play a pivotal role as the principal interface of renewable energy sources (RESs) and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,439 Views
39 Pages

Dynamic Evolution Game Strategy of Government, Power Grid, and Users in Electricity Market Demand-Side Management

  • Xin Shen,
  • Jianlin Tang,
  • Yijing Zhang,
  • Bin Qian,
  • Jiahao Li,
  • Mi Zhou,
  • Yitao Zhao and
  • Yujun Yin

17 October 2024

In the process of promoting demand-side management, the core stakeholder groups are government departments, power grid companies, and electricity users. Due to the different positions and conflicting interests of the three parties in the game, intens...

  • Review
  • Open Access
22 Citations
9,909 Views
27 Pages

13 January 2023

Over the past decade, the world’s electrical grid infrastructure has experienced rapid growth in the integration of grid-edge inverter-based distributed energy resources (DERs). This has led to operating concerns associated with reduced system...

  • Article
  • Open Access
385 Views
39 Pages

20 January 2026

Conventional approaches for designing and integrating charging stations into the grid are time-consuming and computationally expensive. For the purpose of power quality enhancement of EVCS, more focus has been paid on charging station design infrastr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,306 Views
20 Pages

2 July 2021

Renewable energy sources, which are controllable under the management of the microgrids with the contribution of energy storage systems and smart inverters, can support power system frequency regulation along with traditionally frequency control prov...

  • Article
  • Open Access
883 Views
17 Pages

Data-Driven Proactive Early Warning of Grid Congestion Probability Based on Multiple Time Scales

  • Haobo Fu,
  • Ruizhuo Wang,
  • Bingxu Zhai,
  • Yuanzhuo Li,
  • Pengyuan Li,
  • Rui Zhang,
  • Haoyuan He and
  • Siyang Liao

14 May 2025

With the development of new power systems, the increased interactive demand on the load side, and the high proportion of renewable energy sources on the power side, grid congestion problems due to increased system uncertainty are becoming more freque...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,206 Views
24 Pages

4 September 2020

The use of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors are gaining much prominence in water pumping systems (WPS), especially for agricultural purposes. In most cases, the BLDC based WPS is powered using electricity from the grid, which is vulnerable to d...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
9,722 Views
17 Pages

Design and Application of a Power Unit to Use Plug-In Electric Vehicles as an Uninterruptible Power Supply

  • Gorkem Sen,
  • Ali Rifat Boynuegri,
  • Mehmet Uzunoglu,
  • Ozan Erdinc and
  • João P. S. Catalão

7 March 2016

Grid-enabled vehicles (GEVs) such as plug-in electric vehicles present environmental and energy sustainability advantages compared to conventional vehicles. GEV runs solely on power generated by its own battery group, which supplies power to its elec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
369 Views
27 Pages

5 January 2026

In the context of high renewable energy penetration and increasing supply–demand imbalances, power grid companies face complex challenges in load control due to multiple constraints. Based on the actual operational context of power grid compani...

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