The current study examines the forming limit diagram (FLD) of Al 6061-T6 during the electrohydraulic forming process based on the Marciniak–Kuczynski theory (M-K theory). To describe the work-hardening properties of the material, Hollomon&rsquo...
The Forming Limit Stress Diagram (FLSD) can accurately describe the forming process of high-strength steel. However, obtaining FLSD is relatively difficult. In order to predict fracture in advanced high-strength dual-phase (DP) steels, limit maximum...
This study proposes a data-driven framework for predicting forming limit diagrams (FLDs) of AA7075-T6 aluminum sheets under various temperatures and strain rates. To overcome the limitations of costly and time-consuming experiments, a hybrid dataset...
Within the framework of the formability limit assessment in sheet metal forming, testing of notched tensile samples coupled with digital image correlation (DIC) has been analysed as an alternative to overcome the implications of Nakajima testing in r...
Sheet metal forming boundaries are established using the forming limit diagram (FLD). The Nakajima and Marciniak tests, which are based on stretching a material using a punch, are the most commonly used methods for determining the FLD or fracture for...
This article investigated the formability of aluminum/copper bimetal sheets during single-point incremental forming. First, the two-layer sheets were produced by the explosive welding process; then, the rolling process was performed with 50% strain o...
An advanced elastic-plastic self-consistent polycrystalline model, accounting for intragranular microstructure development and evolution, is coupled with a bifurcation-based localization criterion and applied to the numerical investigation of the imp...
In this article, the forming limit diagram (FLD) for aluminum 6061 sheets of thicknesses of 1 mm and 3 mm was determined numerically and experimentally, considering different punch velocities. The punch velocity was adjusted in the range of 20 mm/min...
The conventional theoretical forming limit diagram (FLD) based on the plane stress state has defects due to the neglect of the stress in the thickness direction of the sheet. It is urgent to study the FLD which considers the stress in the thickness d...
In this paper, the initial values of damage parameters in the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) model are determined by a microscopic test combined with empirical formulas, and the final accurate values are determined by finite element rev...
Hot-forming technology for 22MnB5 hot-forming steel (22MnB5 HF steel) plates has been widely used in the automobile manufacturing industry in recent years. Physical simulation and numerical modeling were carried out in order to determine the forming...
The construction of a forming limit diagram (FLD) is a conventional approach to obtain limit strains and to evaluate the formability of sheet metal. Appropriate necking criteria should be applied to determine the forming limit curve (FLC) accurately....
In this study, the experimental two-dimensional forming limit diagram (FLD) data for a ZIRLO™ sheet, which is used in nuclear fuel rod support grids, were converted and presented as a triaxiality failure diagram (TFD). Most previous studies ass...
The formability and failure behavior of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel blanks were investigated through various stress states. The forming limit diagram (FLD) at fracture was constructed both experimentally and numerically. Numerical...
The forming limit diagrams (FLDs) characterizing the formability of sheet metals are usually obtained by applying proportional loadings. Nevertheless, the industrial processes involve strain path changes that can modify the limit-strain values. In ad...
The stress strain curve of 7075 aluminum alloy in the temperature range of 310 °C to 410 °C was obtained by Gleeble-3800. By Nakazima test, the isothermal thermoforming limit diagrams of 7075 aluminum alloy at different deformation temperatures and s...
In this work, three numerical necking criteria based on finite element (FE) simulations are proposed for the prediction of forming limit diagrams (FLDs) for sheet metals. An elastic–plastic constitutive model coupled with the Lemaitre continuum damag...
Conventional lubricant testing methods focus on lab-scale constant contact conditions, which cannot represent the scenarios in actual hot-stamping processes. In recent studies, the concept of the ‘digital characteristics (DC)’ of metal fo...
The purpose of this research is to predict fracture loci and fracture forming limit diagrams (FFLDs) considering strain rate for aluminum alloy 7050-T7451. A fracture model coupled Johnson-Cook plasticity model was proposed to investigate its strain...
The Modified Maximum Force Criterion (MMFC) and Marciniak–Kuczynski (MK) models were initially developed to evaluate strain localization in sheet metals. This study investigates their use in predicting the forming limit diagram (FLD) of a tubul...
This paper, based on the Johnson–Cook damage model, investigates the damage mechanism of high-strength steel tailor welded blanks (TWBs) (Usibor1500P and Ductibor500) during the forming process. Initially, specimens with varying notch sizes were desi...
A multiscale investigation of the microstructure and the mechanical behavior of TRIP steels is presented. A multi-phase field model is employed to predict the microstructure of a low-alloy TRIP700 steel during a two-stage heat treatment. The resultin...
This study analyses the effect of martensite grain size and its volume fraction in dual-phase (DP) steel on (1) the formability limit, (2) average global behavior under different loading conditions, and (3) damage initiation. The virtual RVEs (Repres...
The effect of laser welding on the mechanical properties and the prediction of formability for austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 and ferritic steel AISI 430 when welded by a YLS-5000 fiber laser, were studied in the paper. The microstructure of the...
This study examines the specimen size-dependent deformation behavior of commercially pure titanium grade 4 (cp-Ti grade 4) sheets under tension, with strain paths between uniaxial tension (UT) and plane-strain tension and compares the results with cy...
Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is an emerging technology that has shown great potential in forming customized three-dimensional (3D) parts without the use of product-specific dies. The forming force is reduced in ISF due to the localized nature of d...
A new method to determine electromagnetic forming limits curves (EM-FLCs) for sheet metals is proposed. The different strain paths (between uniaxial and biaxial tension) are achieved by specific tool coil and specimen designs. It is ensured that the...
We investigated lubricants and thin teflon foils that can be applied in the formability testing of the thin aluminum sheets used in the electronics and automotive industries. For the tests, thirteen different industrial lubricants (oils and greases)...
Due to environmental regulations, vehicle weight reduction technology has recently emerged as a key factor influencing market competitiveness in the automobile industry. Although the demand for aluminum alloy for vehicle weight reduction is increasin...
Formability testing is a fundamental method for determining sheet metal’s susceptibility to deep drawing operations. This article presents the results of formability analysis of several batches of 0.7 mm thick cold-rolled DX56D+Z100-M-C-O steel...
The plasticity and formability of a commercially-pure aluminum sheet (AA1100-O) is assessed by experiments and analyses. Plastic anisotropy of this material is characterized by uniaxial and plane-strain tension along with disk compression experiments...
Cryogenic rolling is one of the essential severe plastic deformation processes to manufacture high-strength aluminum sheets with excellent formability limits. The present work characterizes the formability of AA6061 for cryogenic rolling before and a...
The use of computer simulation to imitate physical processes has proven to be a time-efficient and cost-effective way of performing scenario testing for process optimisation in different applications. The finite element analysis (FEA) is the dominant...
This paper describes a novel solution to increase plastic strain in the gauge region of a cruciform sample during a forming limit test. A nitriding procedure was used to increase the strength of the arms of the specimen and at the same time enabled h...
To improve the formability in the deep drawing of tailor-welded blanks, an adjustable drawbead was introduced. Drawbead movement was obtained using the multi-objective optimization of the conflicting objective functions of the fracture and centerline...
Roll forming can improve the material utilization rate and production efficiency of cups with a curved rotary profile, but there is no basis for the determination of forming limit. The DEFORM-3D software was used to simulate the roll forming of cups....
Incremental forming (IF) is an advanced manufacturing process in which a forming tool locally deforms sheet material into a desired geometry through successive passes at incremental depths. An inherent benefit to the IF process is its formability imp...
High-strength steels such as Dual Phase (DP), Transformation-Induced Plasticity (TRIP), and Twinning-Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steels have gained importance in automotive applications due to the potential for weight reduction and increased performanc...
Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in fields such as natural language understanding, generation, complex reasoning, and biomedicine. With advancements in materials science, traditional manual annotation methods for phase diagrams have become inadequa...
Ship operability diagrams are commonly defined based on the seakeeping analysis, showing which course and speed can safely be taken at the sea state to satisfy pre-defined seakeeping limiting values. Although ship operability diagrams are inherently...
Taking Al–Li–S4–T8 Al–Li alloy as the study object, based on the stretching and deforming characteristics of sheet metals, this paper proposes a new approach of critical orange peel state characterizations on the basis of the precise measurement of s...
Knowledge of the properties and behavior of materials under certain working conditions is the basis for the selection of the proper material for the design of a new structure. This paper deals with experimental investigations of the mechanical proper...
We investigated the spatial phase separation of the two components forming a bosonic mixture distributed in a four-well lattice with a ring geometry. We studied the ground state of this system, described by means of a binary Bose–Hubbard Hamiltonian,...
The article deals with the analysis of the mechanical behavior at different temperatures, uniaxial creep and uniaxial fatigue of martensitic steel X46Cr13 (1.4034, AISI 420). For the purpose of considering the aforementioned mechanical behavior, as w...
The Osumi Granodiorite, located on the Osumi Peninsula in southwest Japan, is an example of outer zone granites that were formed during a limited period (13–15 Ma) in response to the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate. This event, which is...
The concept of Zener–Hollomon (Z) based Forming Limit Surface (Z-FLS)—which has minor strain, major strain, and ln(Z) as its three axes—was initially proposed in a previous study. In the Z-FLS diagram, strain rate and temperature effects on the major...
The development trend of high shares of renewables and power electronics has increased the demand for new energy converters in the power system, but there is a lack of systematic research on the stability of different types of converters when transmi...
The forming limit is an important failure criterion for polycrystalline sheet metals when approving the forming process. Recent developments in strain measurement technology, e.g., digital image correlation (DIC), enable the strain evolution to be ca...
The adsorbed atoms exhibit tendency to occupy a triangular lattice formed by periodic potential of the underlying crystal surface. Such a lattice is formed by, e.g., a single layer of graphane or the graphite surfaces as well as (111) surface of face...
The combination of complex geometry and martensitic microstructure, characterized by ultrahigh strength and hardness, can be obtained in a single hot stamping process. However, this technology requires a multifaceted approach, allowing for an effecti...
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