Facial occlusion represents a significant challenge in the domain of facial expression recognition (FER). The absence of feature information due to occlusion has been demonstrated to result in a reduction in recognition accuracy and model robustness....
This research compares the facial expression recognition accuracy achieved using image features extracted (a) manually through handcrafted methods and (b) automatically through convolutional neural networks (CNNs) from different depths, with and with...
Facial expression recognition (FER) is a core technology that enables computers to understand and react to human emotions. In particular, the use of face alignment algorithms as a preprocessing step in image-based FER is important for accurately norm...
Convolutional neural networks have made significant progress in human Facial Expression Recognition (FER). However, they still face challenges in effectively focusing on and extracting facial features. Recent research has turned to attention mechanis...
In this paper, we propose a bimodal 3D facial recognition method aimed at increasing the recognition rate and reducing the effect of illumination, pose, expression, ages, and occlusion on facial recognition. There are two features extracted from the...
With a large number of Local Binary Patterns (LBP) variants being currently used today, the significant and importance of visual descriptors in computer vision applications are prominent. This paper presents a novel visual descriptor, i.e., SIM-LBP....
As people communicate with each other, they use gestures and facial expressions as a means to convey and understand emotional state. Non-verbal means of communication are essential to understanding, based on external clues to a person’s emotion...
Recognizing facial expression has attracted much more attention due to its broad range of applications in human–computer interaction systems. Although facial representation is crucial to final recognition accuracy, traditional handcrafted repre...
Automated solutions for medical diagnosis based on computer vision form an emerging field of science aiming to enhance diagnosis and early disease detection. The detection and quantification of facial asymmetries enable facial palsy evaluation. In th...
As an important part of emotion research, facial expression recognition is a necessary requirement in human–machine interface. Generally, a face expression recognition system includes face detection, feature extraction, and feature classificati...
Facial micro expressions are brief, spontaneous, and crucial emotions deep inside the mind, reflecting the actual thoughts for that moment. Humans can cover their emotions on a large scale, but their actual intentions and emotions can be extracted at...
The cognitive emotions of individuals during tasks largely determine the success or failure of tasks in various fields such as the military, medical, industrial fields, etc. Facial video data can carry more emotional information than static images be...
Several studies on micro-expression recognition have contributed mainly to accuracy improvement. However, the computational complexity receives lesser attention comparatively and therefore increases the cost of micro-expression recognition for real-t...
Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is a growing area of research due to its numerous applications in market research, video gaming, healthcare, security, e-learning, and robotics. One of the most common frameworks for recognizing facial expressions...
Interest in detecting deceptive behaviours by various application fields, such as security systems, political debates, advanced intelligent user interfaces, etc., makes automatic deception detection an active research topic. This interest has stimula...
In the research of Facial Expression Recognition (FER), the inter-class of facial expression data is not evenly distributed, the features extracted by networks are insufficient, and the FER accuracy and speed are relatively low for practical applicat...
Several facial expression recognition methods cluster facial elements according to similarity and weight them considering the importance of each element in classification. However, these methods are limited by the pre-definitions of units restricting...
Recent technological developments have enabled computers to identify and categorize facial expressions to determine a person’s emotional state in an image or a video. This process, called “Facial Expression Recognition (FER)”, has b...
Modern video surveillance systems mainly rely on human operators to monitor and interpret the behavior of individuals in real time, which may lead to severe delays in responding to an emergency. Therefore, there is a need for continued research into...
Micro-expressions, characterized by brief and subtle facial muscle movements, are essential for conveying nuanced emotions in digital humans, yet existing rendering techniques often produce rigid or emotionally monotonous animations due to the inadeq...
Existing Transformer-based models have achieved impressive success in facial expression recognition (FER) by modeling the long-range relationships among facial muscle movements. However, the size of pure Transformer-based models tends to be in the mi...
This study addresses the practical demand for facial recognition of pigs in the food safety and insurance industries, tackling the challenge of low recognition accuracy caused by complex farming environments, occlusions, and similar textures. To this...
Automated facial gender and age classification has remained a challenge because of the high inter-subject and intra-subject variations. We addressed this challenging problem by studying multi-instance- and multi-scale-enhanced multi-task random fores...
Image Inpainting is an age-old image processing problem, with people from different eras attempting to solve it using various methods. Traditional image inpainting algorithms have the ability to repair minor damage such as scratches and wear. However...
Weighted nonnegative matrix factorization (WNMF) is a technology for feature extraction, which can extract the feature of face dataset, and then the feature can be recognized by the classifier. To improve the performance of WNMF for feature extractio...
The aim of this study was to develop a real-time automatic attendance system (AAS) based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology and facial recognition. A Raspberry Pi camera built into a Raspberry Pi 3B is used to transfer facial images to a cloud se...
Methods for detecting emotions that employ many modalities at the same time have been found to be more accurate and resilient than those that rely on a single sense. This is due to the fact that sentiments may be conveyed in a wide range of modalitie...
To capture scientific evidence in elderly care, a user-defined facial expression sensing service was proposed in our previous study. Since the time-series data of feature values have been growing at a high rate as the measurement time increases, it m...
Automatic age estimation from unconstrained facial images is a challenging task and it recently has gained much attention due to its wide range of applications. In this paper, we propose a new model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and l...
Objective: The application of computer models in continuous patient activity monitoring using video cameras is complicated by the capture of images of varying qualities due to poor lighting conditions and lower image resolutions. Insufficient literat...
The emotional well-being of a child is crucial for their successful integration into society as a productive individual. While technology has made significant strides in enabling machines to decipher human emotional signals, current research in emoti...
Facial expression recognition (FER) in the wild is a challenging task due to some uncontrolled factors such as occlusion, illumination, and pose variation. The current methods perform well in controlled conditions. However, there are still two issues...
Automatic age estimation from facial images is an exciting machine learning topic that has attracted researchers’ attention over the past several years. Numerous human–computer interaction applications, such as targeted marketing, content...
Facial Expression Recognition (FER), as the primary processing method for non-verbal intentions, is an important and promising field of computer vision and artificial intelligence, and one of the subject areas of symmetry. This survey is a comprehens...
Facial expressions involve dynamic changes, and facial expression recognition based on static images struggles to capture the temporal information inherent in these dynamic changes. The resultant degradation in real-world performance critically imped...
The paper critically reviews face recognition models that are based on deep learning, specifically security and surveillance. Existing systems are susceptible to pose variation, occlusion, low resolution and even aging, even though they perform quite...
As a sub-challenge of EmotiW (the Emotion Recognition in the Wild challenge), how to improve performance on the AFEW (Acted Facial Expressions in the wild) dataset is a popular benchmark for emotion recognition tasks with various constraints, includi...
In the pattern recognition domain, deep architectures are currently widely used and they have achieved fine results. However, these deep architectures make particular demands, especially in terms of their requirement for big datasets and GPU. Aiming...
Facial landmarking locates the key facial feature points on facial data, which provides not only information on semantic facial structures, but also prior knowledge for other kinds of facial analysis. However, most of the existing works still focus o...
Driver emotion recognition is a crucial method for reducing traffic accidents. Most existing research focuses on experienced drivers as the primary research subjects, overlooking novice drivers, who are inexperienced in driving. However, novice drive...
Facial expression methods play a vital role in human–computer interaction and other fields, but there are factors such as occlusion, illumination, and pose changes in wild facial recognition, as well as category imbalances between different dat...
In the field of facial expression recognition, facial expression features are highly similar to identity features, making facial expression recognition a major challenge for researchers, due to the high overlap of expressions and identity features in...
Facial expression recognition (FER) has become one of the most important fields of research in pattern recognition. In this paper, we propose a method for the identification of facial expressions of people through their emotions. Being robust against...
Drowsiness while driving poses a significant risk in terms of road safety, making effective drowsiness detection systems essential for the prevention of accidents. Facial signal-based detection methods have proven to be an effective approach to drows...
23 September 2014
The method of extracting robust feature sets from an image is a crucial issue for the areas of computer vision and pattern recognition. The nature of real data is a very high dimensional data. However, the hidden structure can be well characterized b...
Hyperspectral imaging opens up new opportunities for masked face recognition via discrimination of the spectral information obtained by hyperspectral sensors. In this work, we present a novel algorithm to extract facial spectral-features from differe...
Recently, with the widespread application of deep learning networks, appearance-based gaze estimation has made breakthrough progress. However, most methods focus on feature extraction from the facial region while neglecting the critical role of the e...
Face recognition technology, despite its widespread use in various applications, still faces challenges related to occlusions, pose variations, and expression changes. Three-dimensional face recognition with depth information, particularly using poin...
The rapid development of deepfake facial technology has led to facial fraud, posing a significant threat to social security. With the advent of diffusion models, the realism of forged facial images has increased, making detection increasingly challen...
Variations in facial complexion serve as a telltale sign of underlying health conditions. Precisely categorizing facial complexions poses a significant challenge due to the subtle distinctions in facial features. Three multi-feature facial complexion...
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