436 Results Found

The selection of the recipient mare is one of the most important factors involved in the success of equine embryo transfer. The aim of this study was to determine whether the age of the recipient, the number of transfers and the detection of intraute...

Hearing loss, one of the most prevalent chronic health conditions, affects around half a billion people worldwide, including 34 million children. The World Health Organization estimates that the prevalence of disabling hearing loss will increase to o...

In cattle, initial pregnancy diagnosis takes place during the late embryonic/early fetal stage of gestation. From this point onward, pregnancy loss may occur in up to one fifth of pregnancies before the initial pregnancy diagnosis is confirmed. This...

The identification of the mutation causing the phenotype of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) model mouse, wobbler, has linked motor neuron degeneration with retrograde vesicle traffic. The wobbler mutation affects protein stability of Vps54, a...

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of two doses of hCG (100 and 300 IU) administered at two different times after fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) on some response variables related to early fetal loss and total litter...

The high incidence of idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (iRPL) may stem from the limited research on male contributory factors. Many studies suggest that sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress contribute to iRPL, but their roles are still deb...

A few prior animal studies have suggested the transplantation or protective effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in noise-induced hearing loss. This study intended to evaluate the fates of administered MSCs in the inner ears and the otoprotective...

This study evaluated the effects of maternal supplementation with rumen-protected methionine (RPM), alone or combined with rumen-protected choline (RPC) and betaine (RPB), during the periconceptional and prepartum periods on reproductive outcomes and...

The ING3 candidate tumour suppressor belongs to a family of histone modifying proteins involved in regulating cell proliferation, senescence, apoptosis, chromatin remodeling, and DNA repair. It is a stoichiometric member of the minimal NuA4 histone a...

Heifer conception rate to the first service (HCR1) is defined as the number of heifers that become pregnant to the first breeding service compared to the heifers bred. This study aimed to identify loci associated and gene sets enriched for HCR1 for h...

ATM depletion is associated with the multisystemic neurodegenerative syndrome ataxia–telangiectasia (A–T). The exact linkage between neurodegeneration and ATM deficiency has not been established yet, and no treatment is currently availabl...

Today, there is strong and diversified evidence that in humans at least 50% of early embryos do not proceed beyond the pre-implantation period. This evidence comes from clinical investigations, demography, epidemiology, embryology, immunology, and mo...

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) are significant challenges in reproductive medicine. For both, embryonic aneuploidy is the leading etiological factor. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy...

Recent evidence indicates that activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly conserved sensor and modulator of cellular energy and redox, regulates cell mitosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for AMPK&...

Lung development is governed by tightly regulated signaling mechanisms, including endocytosis-mediated pathways critical for epithelial–mesenchymal communication and tissue remodeling. This study investigated the effects of Dab1 deficiency on t...

Cadherin−catenin cell−cell adhesion complexes, composed of cadherin, β-catenin or plakoglobin, and α-catenin (α-cat) molecules, are crucial for maintaining cell−cell contact and are commonly referred to as “ad...

Talpid3 is a basal body protein required for the formation of primary cilia, an organelle involved in signal transduction. Here, we asked if Talpid3 has a role in the regulation of differentiation and/or self-renewal of ES cells and whether cells lac...

The rare SLC30A8 mutation encoding a truncating p.Arg138* variant (R138X) in zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is associated with a 65% reduced risk for type 2 diabetes. To determine whether ZnT8 is required for beta cell development and function, we derived...

High blood urea nitrogen (BUN) decreases fertility of several mammals; however, the mechanisms have not been investigated in mares. We developed an experimental model to elevate BUN, with urea and control treatments (7 mares/treatment), in a crossove...

Background/Objectives: The use of antibiotics in livestock contributes to antimicrobial resistance, highlighting the need for alternative solutions. Among these, chelating agents, like ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Chitosan, have shown p...

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive form of cancer that accounts for half of all pediatric soft tissue sarcomas. Little progress has been made in improving survival outcomes over the past three decades. Mouse models of rhabdomyosarcoma are a crit...

We herein report the result of a large-scale reverse genetic screen in the Swiss Simmental population, a local dual-purpose cattle breed. We aimed to detect possible recessively inherited variants affecting protein-coding genes, as such deleterious v...

The experimental objective was to examine the role of melatonin and its pathways in the maintenance of pregnancy in lactating dairy cows. Blood samples were collected at days 0, 16 and 32 after timed AI from cows (n = 200) in order to consider plasma...

This study evaluated a commercial pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs)-based pregnancy test using whole blood or plasma samples during early pregnancy (28–55 days of gestation) in high-producing dairy cows. Transrectal ultrasonography was...

Pregnancy loss predominantly occurs during the first 3–4 weeks due to fertilization failure or early embryonic losses in cattle. Insufficient biochemical communication between conceptus (embryo plus extraembryonic membranes) and endometrium has...

Several key developmental events are associated with early embryonic pregnancy losses in beef and dairy cows. These developmental problems are observed at a greater frequency in pregnancies generated from in-vitro-produced bovine embryos. This review...

Polarized epithelial cells adhere to each other at apical junctions that connect to the apical F-actin belt. Regulated remodeling of apical junctions supports morphogenesis, while dysregulated remodeling promotes diseases such as cancer. We have docu...

Plant tissue culture methods, such as somatic embryogenesis, are attractive alternatives to traditional breeding methods for plant propagation. However, they often suffer from limited efficiency. Somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase (SERK)1 is a mar...

Embryonic tumors share few recurrent mutations, suggesting that other mechanisms, such as aberrant DNA methylation, play a prominent role in their development. The loss of imprinting (LOI) at the chromosome region 11p15 is the germline alteration beh...

The slmap gene is alternatively spliced to generate many isoforms that are abundant in developing myocardium. The largest protein isoform SLMAP3 is ubiquitously expressed and has been linked to cardiomyopathy, Brugada syndrome and Hippo signaling. To...

The vigor of recalcitrant seeds is closely related to seed moisture. Real-time, non-destructive monitoring of changes in water distribution and status during the seed desiccation, utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology, is crucial for...

Embryo loss is a major factor affecting profitability in the pig industry. Embryonic mortality occurs during peri-implantation and mid-late gestation in pigs. Previous investigations have shown that the embryo loss rate in Meishan pigs is significant...

Reproductive biotechnologies, such as embryo transfer (ET) and fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI), are increasingly adopted to enhance genetic progress in tropical cattle production systems. However, the high prevalence of reproductive infecti...

The purpose of this review is to present reasons for pregnancy loss in dogs. Termination of pregnancy can occur at any stage of gestation, sometimes even before pregnancy is diagnosed. If embryonic death occurs before day 35 of gestation, the embryo...

Over the last decade, South American camelids (SAC) have gained increasing popularity in Switzerland. They are used for several purposes such as fiber and meat production, as companion or guard animals and for trekking activities. The purpose of this...

The present, brief review paper summarizes previous studies on a new interpretation of the presence and absence of regeneration in invertebrates and vertebrates. Broad regeneration is considered exclusive of aquatic or amphibious animals with larval...

Pluripotent embryonic stem cells have a unique and characteristic epigenetic profile, which is critical for differentiation to all embryonic germ lineages. When stem cells exit the pluripotent state and commit to lineage-specific identities during th...

Pregnancy loss (PL) in dairy cattle results in animal health and welfare disruption and has a great economic impact on farms, with decreases in fertility and increased culling. It can occur at any stage of embryonic or fetal development. Abortion occ...

Tyrosine kinase substrate with four SH3 domains (Tks4) scaffold protein plays roles in cell migration and podosome formation and regulates systemic mechanisms such as adult bone homeostasis and adipogenesis. Mutations in the Tks4 gene (SH3PXD2b) caus...

Continuous and rapid renewal of the intestinal epithelium depends on intestinal stem cells (ISCs). A large repertoire of transcription factors mediates the correct maintenance and differentiation of ISCs along either absorptive or secretory lineages....

Recalcitrant seed vigor is closely related to seed moisture, so how do the water distribution and status change during seed drying? In this study, we investigated the association between water content (WC) and germination of Quercus acutissima seeds...

The cardiac conduction system, a network of specialized cells, is required for the functioning of the heart. The basic helix loop helix factors Hand1 and Hand2 are required for cardiac morphogenesis and have been implicated in cardiac conduction syst...

Autophagy is a natural catabolic process of the cell that dismantles the useless or dysfunctional components. Autophagy allows the systematic and the lysosomal-mediated deterioration of cellular organelles. During the embryonic development, autophagy...

The mycotoxin citrinin (CTN), a natural contaminant in foodstuffs and animal feeds, exerts cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on various mammalian cells and embryos. A previous investigation by our group revealed potentially hazardous effects of CTN on...

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), which are critical to normal embryologic development and downregulated during normal maturation, have been implicated in a variety of cancers. Abnormal persistent production of HERVs has been suggested to play a...

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver is a rare mesenchymal malignancy that predominantly occurs in children. The relationship between this tumor entity and germline pathogenic variants (PVs) remains undefined. Here, we present the clinical...

ZRSR2 (zinc finger CCCH-type, RNA binding motif and serine/arginine rich 2) is an essential splicing factor involved in 3′ splice-site recognition as a component of both the major and minor spliceosomes that mediate the splicing of U2-type (maj...

PRUNE1 is a member of the aspartic acid-histidine-histidine (DHH) protein superfamily, which could display an exopolyphosphatase activity and interact with multiple cellular proteins involved in the cytoskeletal rearrangement. It is widely expressed...

Miscarriage affects approximately 15% of clinically recognized pregnancies, and 1–3% of couples experience pregnancy loss recurrently. Approximately 50–60% of miscarriages result from chromosomal abnormalities, whereas up to 60% of euploi...

The seed-to-seedling transition is a crucial step in the plant life cycle. The transition occurs at the end of seed germination and corresponds to the initiation of embryonic root growth. To improve our understanding of how a seed transforms into a s...