4,002 Results Found

Most studies on sprint performance have focused on kinematics and kinetics of the musculoskeletal system for adults, with little research on the central sensorimotor transmission and processes, especially for adolescent sprinters. This study aimed to...

Background: Body physique refers to body size, structure, and composition. PS is used to describe the profile of athletes in different sports. Aims: To determine body physique and body fat percentage in elite athletes using the Hattori chart and to i...

Athletes who merit the title ‘elite’ are rare and differ both quantitatively and qualitatively from athletes of lower qualifications. Serving and studying elite athletes may demand non-traditional approaches. Research involving elite athletes suffers...

There is conflicting evidence that sport plays a protective role in the development of psychopathological disorders and contributes to the sustainability of mental health. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of mental disorde...

Breathing reserve (BR) is the remaining proportion of achievable minute ventilation that remains unutilized at total exhaustion during exercise. Previous studies have found a smaller BR in endurance-trained athletes compared to untrained controls. Ho...

Although the cohesion of business elites has been associated with income concentration and regressive policies, few studies have investigated in depth the role of business elite networks in macrosocial issues such as redistributive social policies. T...

High-dimensional optimization problems are more and more common in the era of big data and the Internet of things (IoT), which seriously challenge the optimization performance of existing optimizers. To solve these kinds of problems effectively, this...

Differential evolution (DE) has shown remarkable performance in solving continuous optimization problems. However, its optimization performance still encounters limitations when confronted with complex optimization problems with lots of local regions...

The Social Spider Optimization algorithm (SSO) is a novel metaheuristic optimization algorithm. To enhance the convergence speed and computational accuracy of the algorithm, in this paper, an elite opposition-based Social Spider Optimization algorith...

Background/Objectives: Sleep is pivotal for recovery, immunity, and energy restoration; however, sleep problems exist in elite athletes. Nutrition and supplementation strategies can play both a positive and negative role in sleep quality and quantity...

In an era of heightened public skepticism toward political institutions, understanding the perceived divide between political elites and the general population has become increasingly essential. This study examines how Korean citizens perceive their...

Although the benefits of exercise training have been shown repeatedly in many studies, its relationship with the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in competitive athletes still remains controversial. In the present review, we sought to demonstra...

Although particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been successfully applied to solve optimization problems, its optimization performance still encounters challenges when dealing with complicated optimization problems, especially those with many interact...

A neural network algorithm is a meta-heuristic algorithm inspired by an artificial neural network, which has a strong global search ability and can be used to solve global optimization problems. However, a neural network algorithm sometimes shows the...

This paper takes a political sociological look at the knee-taking in football (or soccer) inspired by the Black Lives Matter campaign. Based upon a study of the new elites, it explores the essence of this performative act and situates it within the &...

Background: Exercise can stress the pelvic floor muscles (PFMs). This study sought to assess the strength of the PFMs according to the level of physical exercise. Methods: An analytical observational study was carried out using digital palpation and...

There is considerable variability in attitudes towards climate change between citizens of different countries. By using individual-level and country-level data, I examine if this variability in public opinion is partially caused by political party el...

In this editorial, we focused our attention on elite athletes during the COVID-19 lockdown. A high level of physical fitness is required by elite athletes irrespective of the specific type of sport. Generally speaking, elite athletes avoid long perio...

This work contributes to an emerging literature focused on the role of physical activity on the subjective well-being of populations. Unlike the existing literature, it proposes an approach that uses algorithms to predict subjective well-being. The a...

Grain legumes play a significant role in smallholder farming systems in Africa because of their contribution to nutrition and income security and their role in fixing nitrogen. Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) serves a critical role in improving so...

Athletes’ anthropometry, and especially their body composition, plays an important role in sport performance in general and in Trainera rowing in particular. Rowers’ anthropometric and performance profiles may vary according to their posi...

Weight-bearing physical activity is considered beneficial to bone health throughout the course of life, with the most marked benefits for bone health often considered to be high levels of activity around the time of peak bone mass (PBM) acquisition....

In an earlier report, bone mineral reference values for young athletes were developed. This study addressed variations in bone mineral parameters of young athletes participating in sports with different mechanical loads. The bone mineral status of 17...

Genetic factors are among the major contributors to athletic performance. Although more than 150 genetic variants have been correlated with elite athlete status, genetic foundations of competition-facilitating behavior influencing elite performances...

Background: In elite curling, precise time perception, speed control, and accuracy are critical components of performance. Stroboscopic training enhances visual processing speed, reaction time, motor skill control, and cognitive abilities by challeng...

Background/Objectives: Understanding the factors that influence tendon mechanical properties is essential for optimizing performance and preventing injuries in elite athletes. This study aimed to identify the strongest correlates of the biomechanical...

Physical characteristics of elite male bandy players have not been studied for the last 30 years. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical characteristics of elite male bandy players with respect to playing positions. A cross...

Background: The research has indicated that elite football players demonstrate cognitive advantages in visual working memory capacity (VWMC); however, it remains unclear whether this effect transfers to other domains cognitive advantages. Object: Thi...

The horse-rider relationship is fundamental to ethical equestrianism wherein equine health and welfare are prioritized as core dimensions of sporting success. Equestrianism represents a unique and important form of interspecies activity in which rela...

While anaerobic fitness is highly important for the performance in Olympic (amateur) boxing, the relationship between anaerobic performance metrics is poorly understood, and profiling boxers according to their anaerobic capacity is still a challenge....

The relationships between sport and religion have been examined from a number of perspectives, and parallels between sporting activity and worship are often observed, positively or negatively. Elite sports participants often perform religious gesture...

An increasing number of young football athletes are competing in elite senior level competitions. However, comparison of strength, power, and speed characteristics between young elite football athletes and their senior counterparts, while controlling...

High-dimensional optimization problems are ubiquitous in every field nowadays, which seriously challenge the optimization ability of existing optimizers. To solve this kind of optimization problems effectively, this paper proposes an elite-directed p...

This paper assesses the epistemic challenges of giving nutrition advice to elite athletes in light of recent philosophical discussion concerning evidence-based practice. Our trust in experts largely depends on the assumption that their advice is base...

Background and objectives: Health is partly determined by the state of one’s nutrition; it stimulates the body’s functional and metabolic adaptations to physical strain and helps one prevent sports injuries and get in shape in terms of bo...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects every aspect of human life: medical, psychological, social, material. People with SCI face a variety of secondary conditions (e.g., chronic pain, urinary tract infections, cognitive impairment) that place a significan...

Exercise-induced immune perturbations have been proposed to increase susceptibility to viral infections. We investigated the replication of persisting viruses as indicators of immune function in elite cross-country skiers after ten months of sustaine...

Background: There are no data in the literature regarding the optimal pitch training load (PTL) for elite soccer teams during congested seasons. Objectives: This study had three goals: (1) identify whether there is an adaptation in match physical per...

Background: Athletes with expertise in sports show extensive procedural and factual information, enhancing their ability to focus attention, use cues, and anticipate events. This study examined the differentiation of perceptual-cognitive skills by fo...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted global daily life, including the world of elite athletes. This paper examines the multifaceted impact the COVID-19 pandemic had on elite swimmers and water polo athletes, specifically their mental healt...

AIM: The present study was aimed at determining the effect of two different types of exercise (elite athletes playing football and ultramarathon runners on iron metabolism and, especially, the role of hepcidin in iron homeostasis. MATERIAL & METH...

Background: Screening blood tests are often collected from elite athletes in an effort to optimize performance. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the yield of screening for anemia and anemia-related factors in elite athletes entering t...

The human gut microbiota can be compared to a fingerprint due to its uniqueness, hosting trillions of living organisms. Taking a sport-centric perspective, the gut microbiota might represent a physiological system that relates to health aspects as we...

Background: Sleep and mental health are crucial to elite youth athletes, who face combined pressures of training, competition, school, and social commitments. We examined the association between sleep and depression in elite youth athletes. Methods:...

Nutrition affects both body composition and, consequently, athletic performance. Only a few studies have assessed the nutritional behavior and knowledge of elite players. The present study aimed to assess the dietary intake, body composition, and nut...

An athletic career is a succession of stages and transitions (normative and non-normative), which may have decisive effects on either maintaining a satisfactory and/or successful course or deciding about premature career termination. The main purpose...

This study investigates gender differences in core muscle morphology among elite alpine skiers using ultrasonography, highlighting significant disparities that could influence training and injury prevention strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional desi...

Background: Elite sport participation creates a significant burden on adolescent athletes due to demanding training schedules, high training intensities, and the complexity of puberty. As such, an athletes’ ability to effectively balance stress...

Determining the reference base of anthropometric parameters on a sample of elite athletes is one of the foundations of further research and forming a clearer picture of each sport and sports discipline. In this study, the aim was to describe the anth...

Background: ESC sports classification in 2020, based on cardiac morphological adaptations, may not fully reflect also the variations in functional parameters of athletes. This study aims to characterize CPET-derived physiological parameters in elite...