FAAH rs324420 Polymorphism Is Associated with Performance in Elite Rink-Hockey Players
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedures
2.2.1. Anthropometric Profile
2.2.2. Training Data, Sport Experience and Sport Injuries History
2.2.3. Sample Collection and DNA Extraction
2.2.4. Polymorphism Selection and Genotyping
2.2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of Elite Rink-Hockey Players
3.2. Genotype Frequencies in Elite Female and Male Rink-Hockey Players
3.3. Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of FAAH rs324420 and Relevant Factors of Elite Performance in Rink-Hockey
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Female (n = 18) | Male (n = 98) | Total (n = 116) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) * | 25.3 ± 7.9 | 28.8 ± 8.7 | 28.2 ± 8.7 | 0.117 |
Body mass (kg) * | 67.4 ± 8.7 | 82.8 ± 10.5 | 79.0 ± 12.0 | 0.000 |
Height (m) * | 1.73 ± 0.1 | 1.85 ± 0.1 | 1.82 ± 0.1 | 0.000 |
BMI (kg/m2) * | 22.7 ± 2.6 | 24.3 ± 2.1 | 24.0 ± 2.2 | 0.005 |
WHR * | 0.82 ± 0.06 | 0.88 ± 0.11 | 0.87 ± 0.11 | 0.015 |
Hand length (cm) * | 22.3 ± 2.6 | 23.5 ± 2.0 | 23.3 ± 2.1 | 0.029 |
Training experience (years) * | 19.4 ± 8.6 | 24.0 ± 8.7 | 23.3 ± 8.8 | 0.039 |
Training frequency * | ||||
days/week | 4.6 ± 0.8 | 5.9 ± 0.8 | 5.7 ± 0.9 | 0.000 |
hours/day | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 0.041 |
hours/week | 11.4 ± 6.5 | 14.3 ± 6.2 | 13.8 ± 6.3 | 0.000 |
Participations in regional and national teams * | 26.44 ± 13.16 | 42.38 ± 37.78 | 39.9 ± 35.5 | 0.080 |
Sport injury | ||||
No | 17 (94.4) | 51 (52.0) | 68 (58.6) | 0.002 |
Yes | 1 (5.6) | 47 (48.0) | 48 (41.4) | |
Nationality | ||||
Portuguese | 18 (100) | 78 (79.6) | 96 (82.8) | 0.113 |
Others | -- | 20 (20.4) | 20 (17.2) | |
Ethnicity | ||||
Caucasian | 17 (94.4) | 96 (98.0) | 113 (97.4) | 0.956 |
Others | 1 (5.6) | 3 (3.0) | 3 (2.6) | |
Profession | ||||
Athletes | -- | 45 (45.9) | 45 (38.8) | <0.001 |
Student | 10 (55.6) | 25 (25.5) | 35 (30.2) | |
Teacher | 2 (11.1) | 11 (11.2) | 13 (11.2) | |
Physical therapist | 2 (11.1) | -- | 2 (1.7) | |
Sport coordinator | -- | 1 (1.0) | 1 (0.9) | |
Coach | -- | 1 (1.0) | 1 (0.9) | |
Podiatrist | 1 (5.6) | -- | 1 (0.9) | |
Other | 3 (16.7) | 15 (15.3) | 18 (15.5) |
Genetic Variant | Functional Consequence | Gene | Encode Protein and Its Functions | TaqMan® Assays ID |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nerve plasticity and other neural functions: | C___1897306_10 | |||
rs324420 | Missense | FAAH | Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase | |
Energy metabolism and circadian rhythm: | ||||
rs8192678 | Missense | PPARGC1A | PPARG Coactivator 1 Alpha | C___1643192_20 |
rs2016520 | 5 prime UTR | PPARD | Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Delta | C___8851952_30 |
rs1801282 | Missense | PPARG | Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma | C___1129864_10 |
rs731236 | Synonymous | VDR | Vitamin D Receptor | C___2404008_10 |
Catecholaminergic system: | ||||
rs1042713 | Missense | ADRB2 | Adrenoceptor Beta 2 | C___2084764_20 |
Neurotransmission, antimicrobial and antitumoral activities: | ||||
rs1799983 | Missense | NOS3 | Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 | C___3219460_20 |
Genotype Frequencies | Female (n = 18) | Male (n = 98) | Total (n = 116) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
FAAH rs324420 | ||||
AA | 1 (5.6) | 3 (3.1) | 4 (3.4) | 0.789 |
AC | 6 (33.3) | 28 (28.6) | 34 (29.3) | |
CC | 11 (61.1) | 67 (68.4) | 78 (67.2) | |
PPARGC1A rs8192678 | ||||
TT | 2 (11.1) | 17 (17.3) | 19 (16.4) | 0.705 |
CT | 9 (50.0) | 51 (52.0) | 60 (51.7) | |
CC | 7 (38.9) | 30 (30.6) | 37 (31.9) | |
PPARD rs2016520 | ||||
CC | 0 (0.0) | 5 (5.1) | 5 (4.3) | 0.395 |
CT | 7 (38.9) | 32 (32.7) | 39 (33.6) | |
TT | 11 (61.1)) | 61 (62.2) | 72 (62.1) | |
PPARG rs1801282 | ||||
GG | 0 (0.0) | 4 (4.1) | 4 (3.4) | 0.494 |
CG | 3 (16.7) | 14 (14.3) | 17 (14.7) | |
CC | 15 (83.3) | 80 (81.6) | 95 (81.9) | |
VDR rs731236 | ||||
GG | 1 (5.6) | 17 (17.3) | 18 (15.5) | 0.019 |
AG | 13 (72.2) | 36 (36.7) | 49 (42.2) | |
AA | 4 (22.2) | 45(45.9) | 49 (42.2) | |
ADRB2 rs1042713 | ||||
AA | 3 (16.7) | 15 (15.3) | 18 (15.5) | 0.989 |
AG | 8 (44.4) | 44 (44.9) | 52 (44.8) | |
GG | 7 (38.9) | 39 (39.8) | 46 (39.7) | |
NOS3 rs1799983 | ||||
TT | 0 (0.0) | 14 (14.3) | 14 (12.1) | 0.212 |
GT | 11 (61.1) | 47 (48.0) | 58 (50.0) | |
GG | 7 (38.9) | 37 (37.8) | 44 (37.9) |
Characteristics | OR | 95% CI | p |
---|---|---|---|
FAAH rs324420 | 2.88 | 1.06–7.80 | 0.038 |
(AA/AC vs. CC 1) | |||
Age * | 9.74 | 3.09–30.74 | 0.065 |
(≥26 yrs. vs. <26 yrs. 1) | |||
Sex | 2.48 | 0.50–12.30 | 0.265 |
(male vs. female 1) | |||
BMI | 0.58 | 0.19–1.80 | 0.349 |
(≥25 kg/m2 vs. <25 kg/m2 1) | |||
WHR * | 0.83 | 0.30–2.28 | 0.721 |
(≥0.85 vs. <0.85 1) | |||
Hand length * | 0.35 | 0.12–1.02 | 0.054 |
(≥23 cm vs. <23 cm 1) | |||
Sport injury | 3.71 | 1.21–11.31 | 0.021 |
(Yes vs. no 1) | |||
Recovery from first sport injury * | 0.64 | 0.15–2.73 | 0.541 |
(≥10 months vs. <10 months 1) |
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Silva, H.-H.; Tavares, V.; Silva, M.-R.G.; Neto, B.V.; Cerqueira, F.; Medeiros, R. FAAH rs324420 Polymorphism Is Associated with Performance in Elite Rink-Hockey Players. Biology 2022, 11, 1076. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11071076
Silva H-H, Tavares V, Silva M-RG, Neto BV, Cerqueira F, Medeiros R. FAAH rs324420 Polymorphism Is Associated with Performance in Elite Rink-Hockey Players. Biology. 2022; 11(7):1076. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11071076
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilva, Hugo-Henrique, Valéria Tavares, Maria-Raquel G. Silva, Beatriz Vieira Neto, Fátima Cerqueira, and Rui Medeiros. 2022. "FAAH rs324420 Polymorphism Is Associated with Performance in Elite Rink-Hockey Players" Biology 11, no. 7: 1076. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11071076