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411 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,838 Views
12 Pages

12 April 2024

Natural fiber/degradable epoxy composites have received much attention for their advantages of low carbon emissions, low environmental pollution, and utilization of renewable resources. However, the poor interfacial bonding strength and inferior mois...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,681 Views
14 Pages

23 January 2025

The development of an energy-saving method to recycle expensive carbon fibers (CFs) from end-of-life thermosetting resin-based CF-reinforced composites (CFRCs) is strongly desired because of the environmental and economic issues. The replacement of t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
5,450 Views
14 Pages

High-Strength, Degradable and Recyclable Epoxy Resin Based on Imine Bonds for Its Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composites

  • Yue Jiang,
  • Shuai Wang,
  • Weifu Dong,
  • Tatsuo Kaneko,
  • Mingqing Chen and
  • Dongjian Shi

15 February 2023

Carbon fiber (CF) is widely used in the preparation of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CFRP) in which it is combined with epoxy resin due to its good mechanical properties. Thermosetting bisphenol A epoxy resin, as one of the most common...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,421 Views
12 Pages

29 September 2024

Type IV gas cylinders are widely used in the field of vehicles due to their advantages such as light weight, cleanliness, and low cost. Ramie fiber/degradable epoxy resin composites (RFRDE) provide new ideas for the material selection of Type IV gas...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,799 Views
15 Pages

31 August 2025

Developing high-performance bio-based epoxy resins as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-derived bisphenol A (BPA) epoxies for recyclable carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) is pivotal in materials research. Herein, the bio-based bisphenol mo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
6,672 Views
15 Pages

Microbial Degradation of Epoxy

  • Noam Eliaz,
  • Eliora Z. Ron,
  • Michael Gozin,
  • Sara Younger,
  • Dvora Biran and
  • Noam Tal

29 October 2018

Epoxy resins have a wide range of applications, including in corrosion protection of metals, electronics, structural adhesives, and composites. The consumption of epoxy resins is predicted to keep growing in the coming years. Unfortunately, thermoset...

  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
4,627 Views
14 Pages

29 September 2021

Via the surface-grafting of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a silicon-containing flame retardant (PMDA), a novel flame retardant CNTs-PMDA was synthesized. The flame retardancy was tested by cone calorimeter. Compared with pure epoxy resin, the total he...

  • Article
  • Open Access
44 Citations
6,025 Views
16 Pages

14 February 2021

For carbon fiber epoxy resin used in aerostructure, thermal degradation mechanism and kinetics play an important role in the evaluation of thermal response and combustion characteristics. However, the thermal decomposition process and mechanism are d...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,462 Views
21 Pages

Epoxy/Ionic Liquid-Modified Mica Nanocomposites: Network Formation–Network Degradation Correlation

  • Maryam Jouyandeh,
  • Vahideh Akbari,
  • Seyed Mohammad Reza Paran,
  • Sébastien Livi,
  • Luanda Lins,
  • Henri Vahabi and
  • Mohammad Reza Saeb

3 August 2021

We synthesized pristine mica (Mica) and N-octadecyl-N’-octadecyl imidazolium iodide (IM) modified mica (Mica-IM), characterized it, and applied it at 0.1–5.0 wt.% loading to prepare epoxy nanocomposites. Dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,601 Views
24 Pages

Hygrothermal Degradation of Epoxy Electrical Insulating Material—Testing and Mathematical Modeling

  • Jan Leffler,
  • Jan Kaska,
  • Petr Kadlec,
  • Pavel Prosr,
  • Vaclav Smidl and
  • Pavel Trnka

16 July 2024

The degradation of electrical insulating materials has been a subject of interest for decades as they are commonly applied in many fields of electrical engineering. Suitably modeling such a process is important since the known and well-described degr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,569 Views
19 Pages

Isothermal Vulcanization and Non-Isothermal Degradation Kinetics of XNBR/Epoxy/XNBR-g-Halloysite Nanotubes (HNT) Nanocomposites

  • Seyed Mohamad Reza Paran,
  • Ghasem Naderi,
  • Elnaz Movahedifar,
  • Maryam Jouyandeh,
  • Krzysztof Formela,
  • Xavier Colom,
  • Javier Cañavate and
  • Mohammad Reza Saeb

27 May 2021

The effect of several concentrations of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) functionalized halloysite nanotubes (XHNTs) on the vulcanization and degradation kinetics of XNBR/epoxy compounds were evaluated using experimental and theoretical m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
935 Views
13 Pages

5 September 2025

In this study, specimens cured with an epoxy adhesive were subjected to fatigue tests, which were conducted under air and water atmospheres at room temperature, because few studies have been conducted on the deformation behavior versus time (number o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,714 Views
17 Pages

Degradation and Lifetime Prediction of Epoxy Composite Insulation Materials under High Relative Humidity

  • Jielin Ma,
  • Yan Yang,
  • Qi Wang,
  • Yuheng Deng,
  • Malvern Yap,
  • Wen Kwang Chern,
  • Joo Tien Oh and
  • Zhong Chen

13 June 2023

Insulation failure of composite epoxy insulation materials in distribution switchgear under the stress of heat and humidity is one of the leading causes of damage to switchgear components. This work prepared composite epoxy insulation materials by ca...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,563 Views
18 Pages

3 November 2022

This paper presents the results of an experimental study of adhesive joint strength with consideration of the inaccuracy of the hardener dosage, in the context of evaluating the degradation of joints when used either at ambient or elevated temperatur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,754 Views
10 Pages

A Modified Langmuir Model for Moisture Diffusion in UGFRE of Composite Insulator Considering the Composite Degradation

  • Zhikang Yuan,
  • Cheng Wang,
  • Lijun Jin,
  • Youping Tu,
  • Yingyao Zhang,
  • Zhenlian An and
  • Yongfei Zhao

19 July 2022

Water invasion induced aging and degradation of the unidirectional glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin (UGFRE) rod is inferred as the primary reason for the decay-like fracture of the composite insulator. In this paper, the moisture diffusion processe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,824 Views
23 Pages

21 July 2022

The long-term degradation of epoxy as the matrix and adhesive serviced in harsh environments plays a key role in engineering applications. Understanding how to improve the toughness and durability of epoxy through reasonable material replacement and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
10,036 Views
19 Pages

Maintaining Structural Stability of Poly(lactic acid): Effects of Multifunctional Epoxy based Reactive Oligomers

  • Sahas R. Rathi,
  • Edward Bryan Coughlin,
  • Shaw Ling Hsu,
  • Charles S. Golub,
  • Gerald H. Ling and
  • Michael J. Tzivanis

22 April 2014

In order to reduce the effects of hydrolytic degradation and to maintain sufficient viscosity during processing of biomass based poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA), various epoxy functional reactive oligomers have been characterized and incorporated into the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,905 Views
18 Pages

New Transparent Flame-Retardant (FR) Coatings Based on Epoxy-Aluminum Hypophosphite Nanocomposites

  • Fouad Laoutid,
  • Maryam Jouyandeh,
  • Oltea Murariu,
  • Henri Vahabi,
  • Mohammad Reza Saeb,
  • Loic Brison,
  • Marius Murariu and
  • Philippe Dubois

10 January 2023

The present study investigated the flame-retardant (FR) effect of transparent epoxy coating containing aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) nanoparticles (NPs) on polylactic acid (PLA) sheets used as a typical model of combustible polymeric material. First,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,672 Views
17 Pages

Recycling Process of a Basalt Fiber-Epoxy Laminate by Solvolysis: Mechanical and Optical Tests

  • Livia Persico,
  • Giorgia Giacalone,
  • Beatrice Cristalli,
  • Carla Tufano,
  • Eudora Saccorotti,
  • Pietro Casalone and
  • Giuliana Mattiazzo

17 June 2022

Basalt fibre epoxy composites well suit various engineering applications for their mechanical properties and chemical stability. However, after basalt/epoxy product lifespan, there are not many established ways to treat and recycle the fibers without...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,656 Views
12 Pages

24 January 2023

Flame-retardant cycloaliphatic epoxy systems have long been studied; however, the research suffers from slow and unsatisfactory advances. In this work, we synthesized a kind of phosphorus-containing difunctional cycloaliphatic epoxide (called BCEP)....

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,902 Views
15 Pages

Dynamic Mechanical Performance of Glass Microsphere-Loaded Carbon Fabric–Epoxy Composites Subjected to Accelerated UV Ageing

  • Khubab Shaker,
  • Anas Asim,
  • Muhammad Ayub Asghar,
  • Madeha Jabbar,
  • Adeela Nasreen and
  • Amna Siddique

This study investigates the effects of incorporating glass microspheres (GMSs) as fillers in carbon fabric–epoxy composites (CFECs) on their degradation behavior under environmental conditions such as moisture and ultraviolet rays. The GMS-fill...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,007 Views
21 Pages

Monolithic Polyepoxide Membranes for Nanofiltration Applications and Sustainable Membrane Manufacture

  • Mackenzie Babetta Anderson,
  • Riley A. Danna,
  • Clayton French,
  • Jishan Wu,
  • Markus N. Thiel,
  • Zhiyin Yang,
  • Eric M. V. Hoek and
  • Richard B. Kaner

11 September 2024

The present work details the development of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy membranes with excellent rejection of small-molecule dyes. It is a proof-of-concept for a more sustainable membrane design incorporating carbon fibers, and their recycling and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
607 Views
16 Pages

Hygrothermal Aging and Thermomechanical Characterization of As-Manufactured Tidal Turbine Blade Composites

  • Paul Murdy,
  • Robynne E. Murray,
  • David Barnes,
  • Ariel F. Lusty,
  • Erik G. Rognerud,
  • Peter J. Creveling and
  • Daniel Samborsky

16 September 2025

This study investigates the hygrothermal aging behavior and thermomechanical properties of as-manufactured glass fiber-reinforced epoxy and thermoplastic composite tidal turbine blades. The blades were previously deployed in a marine environment and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
38 Citations
6,212 Views
25 Pages

8 February 2019

Novel polymeric flame retardants based on two acrylamides and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) or 5,5-dimethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaphosphinane-2-oxide (DDPO) are described for several applications in HexFlow® RTM6, a high-perform...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
3,196 Views
11 Pages

17 June 2019

The two major problems that have plagued urban underground roads since their introduction are the harmful emissions caused by hot mix paving and vehicle exhaust accumulation during operation. In order to solve these two problems at the same time, a n...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,990 Views
22 Pages

Moisture Absorption and Mechanical Degradation of Polymer Systems Incorporated with Layered Double Hydroxide Particles

  • Stanislav Stankevich,
  • Daiva Zeleniakiene,
  • Jevgenijs Sevcenko,
  • Olga Bulderberga,
  • Katerina Zetkova,
  • Joao Tedim and
  • Andrey Aniskevich

30 November 2024

This study investigated the moisture absorption and mechanical degradation of epoxy-based polymer systems with Mg-Al/NO3 layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles content up to 5 wt%. Such systems are developed for multilayer corrosion protective...

  • Communication
  • Open Access

22 December 2025

This work aimed to investigate the thermal properties of phosphorus-modified epoxy resin obtained from eugenol derivatives and cured with different amines: aliphatic—triethylenetetramine (TETA); aromatic—diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM); and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
909 Views
19 Pages

22 June 2025

In this study, a novel semi-liquid gel material based on bisphenol A-type epoxy resin (E51), methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA), and epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was developed for high-performance wellbore sealing. The gel system exhibits tuna...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,029 Views
18 Pages

29 September 2024

This study presents the development of a diglycidyl monomer containing two imine groups that can act as dynamic and reversible bonds. During the curing of the monomer with two different amine hardeners, we confirmed the formation of new imine groups...

  • Review
  • Open Access
30 Citations
7,753 Views
33 Pages

9 May 2021

The barrier performance of organic coatings is a direct function of mass transport and long-term stability of the polymeric structure. A predictive assessment of the protective coating cannot be conducted a priori of degradation effects on transport....

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,638 Views
16 Pages

Nonisothermal Kinetic Degradation of Hybrid CNT/Alumina Epoxy Nanocomposites

  • Muhammad Helmi Abdul Kudus,
  • Muhammad Razlan Zakaria,
  • Mohd Firdaus Omar,
  • Muhammad Bisyrul Hafi Othman,
  • Hazizan Md. Akil,
  • Marcin Nabiałek,
  • Bartłomiej Jeż and
  • Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah

17 April 2021

Due to the synergistic effect that occurs between CNTs and alumina, CNT/alumina hybrid-filled epoxy nanocomposites show significant enhancements in tensile properties, flexural properties, and thermal conductivity. This study is an extension of previ...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,935 Views
18 Pages

Phosphasilazanes as Inhibitors for Respirable Fiber Fragments Formed during Burning of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resins

  • Philipp Kukla,
  • Lara Greiner,
  • Sebastian Eibl,
  • Manfred Döring and
  • Frank Schönberger

14 February 2023

Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs) exhibit additional hazards during and after burning due to respirable fragments of thermo-oxidatively decomposed carbon fibers. In this study, various phosphasilazanes are incorporated into the RTM 6...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,204 Views
12 Pages

Degradation of Epoxy–Particles Composites Exposed to UV and Gamma Radiation

  • Mauricio Torres,
  • Louise Burdin,
  • A. Victoria Rentería-Rodríguez and
  • Edgar A. Franco-Urquiza

8 March 2023

In the design and fabrication of any structural system for space application, balance between mass, stiffness and strength is crucial. Structures in space environments are exposed to high radiation levels and thermal shock, due to the sun irradiance...

  • Article
  • Open Access
692 Views
12 Pages

The thermal stability and flammability behavior of an epoxy resin, modified by the addition of Posidonia oceanica (PO) at three concentration levels (8%, 10%, 12% wt.), were investigated by performing thermogravimetric and cone calorimetry tests. The...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,846 Views
17 Pages

9 August 2022

The present research deals with the investigation of the influence of aqueous solutions of chemical substances in combination with temperature on the change of material properties of polymer composites based on epoxy resins reinforced with carbon fib...

  • Review
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,691 Views
29 Pages

1 December 2023

Epoxy thermosets need to be designed for simple recycling and biomass resource utilization in order to be fully sustainable building materials. The development of covalent adaptive networks (CANs) using adaptive covalent chemistry (ACC) may be helpfu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
2,422 Views
15 Pages

21 October 2021

To obtain the knowledge that contributes to the safer operation of nuclear power plants and their prompt recovery and termination in the event of an accident, soft epoxy resins with rubber-based additives—used as insulators and airtight sealants in e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,668 Views
20 Pages

9 March 2022

Epoxy resins have demonstrated remarkable properties with potential for usage as high voltage insulators. However, a loss of these properties has been observed in high temperature and humid environments. In order to enhance the hydrothermal stability...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,579 Views
20 Pages

29 November 2024

Along with the development of technology and the increasing consumption of polymeric materials, which have become an integral part of man’s everyday life, problems related to their disposal are arising. The presented research concentrates on th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,503 Views
15 Pages

20 December 2023

Due to the high interest in the use of glass/epoxy laminates in aerospace applications, aviation, and as cryogenic tanks, it is crucial to understand the behavior of composites under challenging environmental conditions. Polymer composites are expose...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,148 Views
9 Pages

Flame-Retardant Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resins with Phosphorus-Containing Bio-Based Benzoxazines and Graphene

  • Stanislav Trubachev,
  • Alexander Paletsky,
  • Egor Sosnin,
  • Oleg Tuzhikov,
  • Boris Buravov,
  • Andrey Shmakov,
  • Anatoliy Chernov,
  • Ilya Kulikov,
  • Albert Sagitov and
  • Yuan Hu
  • + 1 author

18 August 2024

This paper presents a study of the flammability and thermal decomposition products of glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin (GFRER) with the addition of cardanol-based phosphorus-containing benzoxazine monomer (CBz) and graphene and their combinations i...

  • Review
  • Open Access
36 Citations
8,944 Views
23 Pages

Towards Sustainable Recycling of Epoxy-Based Polymers: Approaches and Challenges of Epoxy Biodegradation

  • Leon Klose,
  • Neele Meyer-Heydecke,
  • Sasipa Wongwattanarat,
  • Jennifer Chow,
  • Pablo Pérez García,
  • Camille Carré,
  • Wolfgang Streit,
  • Garabed Antranikian,
  • Ana Malvis Romero and
  • Andreas Liese

12 June 2023

Epoxy resins are highly valued for their remarkable mechanical and chemical properties and are extensively used in various applications such as coatings, adhesives, and fiber-reinforced composites in lightweight construction. Composites are especiall...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,370 Views
21 Pages

22 July 2024

The application of organic coatings is the most cost-effective and common method for metallic equipment toward corrosion, whose anti-corrosion property needs to be improved and evaluated in a short time. To rapidly and rationally assess the anti-corr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,328 Views
24 Pages

Tailoring the Structure and Physico-Chemical Features of Cellulose-Based Hydrogels Using Multi-Epoxy Crosslinking Agents

  • Raluca Nicu,
  • Gabriela Lisa,
  • Raluca Nicoleta Darie-Nita,
  • Mihaela Iuliana Avadanei,
  • Alexandra Bargan,
  • Daniela Rusu and
  • Diana Elena Ciolacu

9 August 2024

Hydrogel features can be designed and optimized using different crosslinking agents to meet specific requirements. In this regard, the present work investigates the physico-chemical features of cellulose-based hydrogels, designed by using different e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,477 Views
21 Pages

Effect of Cyclotriphosphazene-Based Curing Agents on the Flame Resistance of Epoxy Resins

  • Lucie Zarybnicka,
  • Jana Machotova,
  • Radka Kopecka,
  • Radek Sevcik,
  • Martina Hudakova,
  • Jaroslav Pokorny and
  • Jiri Sal

22 December 2020

Epoxy resins are characterized by excellent properties such as chemical resistance, shape stability, hardness and heat resistance, but they present low flame resistance. In this work, the synthesized derivatives, namely hexacyclohexylamino-cyclotriph...

  • Article
  • Open Access
38 Citations
4,240 Views
16 Pages

Hydrothermal Aging of an Epoxy Resin Filled with Carbon Nanofillers

  • Tatjana Glaskova-Kuzmina,
  • Andrey Aniskevich,
  • George Papanicolaou,
  • Diana Portan,
  • Aldobenedetto Zotti,
  • Anna Borriello and
  • Mauro Zarrelli

18 May 2020

The effects of temperature and moisture on flexural and thermomechanical properties of neat and filled epoxy with both multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNT), carbon nanofibers (CNF), and their hybrid components were investigated. Two regimes of environmen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,060 Views
11 Pages

Thermal Stability and Flammability of Epoxy Composites Filled with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Boric Acid, and Sodium Bicarbonate

  • Olga B. Nazarenko,
  • Yulia A. Amelkovich,
  • Alexander G. Bannov,
  • Irina S. Berdyugina and
  • Visakh P. Maniyan

21 February 2021

Epoxy composites filled with 0.5 wt% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), 10 and 15 wt% of boric acid and sodium bicarbonate separately, as well as composites filled with a combination of MWCNTs-boric acid and MWCNTs-sodium bicarbonate were pre...

  • Article
  • Open Access
62 Citations
6,318 Views
15 Pages

Thermal and Chemical Characterization of Kenaf Fiber (Hibiscus cannabinus) Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites

  • Thuane Teixeira da Silva,
  • Pedro Henrique Poubel Mendonça da Silveira,
  • Matheus Pereira Ribeiro,
  • Maurício Ferrapontoff Lemos,
  • Ana Paula da Silva,
  • Sergio Neves Monteiro and
  • Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento

20 June 2021

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is one of the most investigated and industrially applied natural fibers for polymer composite reinforcement. However, relatively limited information is available regarding its epoxy composites. In this work, both therma...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,661 Views
13 Pages

Thermal Behavior and Flammability of Epoxy Composites Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Expanded Graphite: A Comparative Study

  • Alexander G. Bannov,
  • Olga B. Nazarenko,
  • Evgeny A. Maksimovskii,
  • Maxim V. Popov and
  • Irina S. Berdyugina

2 October 2020

Reduction of flammability and improvement of thermal stability of polymers during heating can be achieved by the introduction of fillers. Epoxy composites filled with different loadings of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and expanded graphite...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,716 Views
21 Pages

Effect of 2000-Hour Ultraviolet Irradiation on Surface Degradation of Glass and Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Laminates

  • Irina G. Lukachevskaia,
  • Aisen Kychkin,
  • Anatoly K. Kychkin,
  • Elena D. Vasileva and
  • Aital E. Markov

18 July 2025

This study focuses on the influence of prolonged ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the mechanical properties and surface microstructure of glass fiber-reinforced plastics (GFRPs) and basalt fiber-reinforced plastics (BFRPs), which are widely used in co...

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