647 Results Found

Spatially and temporally resolved air quality characterization is critical for community-scale exposure studies and for developing future air quality mitigation strategies. Monitoring-based assessments can characterize local air quality when enough m...

Two commonly used models to assess air pollution concentration for investigating health effects of air pollution in epidemiological studies are Land Use Regression (LUR) models and Dispersion and Chemistry Transport Models (DCTM). Both modeling appro...

One of the weaknesses of current line-source models for predicting downwind concentrations from mobile sources is accounting for the dispersion of effluents. Most of the investigators in the field have taken different approaches over the last 50 year...

This work develops a stochastic air quality dispersion to predict the pollution concentration originating from ships queuing in a seaport. The Gaussian dispersion model for five ships operating in the Black Sea queuing in the front of the port of Var...

Two air pollutants, oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM10), are monitored and modelled employing Airviro air quality dispersion modelling system in Sheffield, United Kingdom. The aim is to determine the most significant emission sourc...

On-road mobile sources of emissions make important contributions to particulate matter pollution (PM2.5–PM10) in cities. The quantification of such pollution is, however, highly challenging due to the number of interacting factors that affect emissio...

A numerical simulation system is developed to predict the dispersion of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) over a populated city due to accidental release. Ulsan, as one of the megacities in Korea, is chosen as an ideal testbed for the simulation, as it...

Computation of gas dispersal in urban places or hilly grounds requires a large amount of computer time when addressed with conventional multidimensional models. Those are usually based on two-phase flow or Navier-Stokes equations. Different classes o...

Pollutant dispersion processes over complex terrain are much more complicated than over flat areas, as they are affected by atmospheric interactions with the orography at different spatial scales. This paper reviews recent findings and progress in th...

The present study aims to investigate the impact of air pollutants dispersion from traffic emission under the influence of wind velocity and direction considering the seasonal cycle in two major areas of Dhaka city: namely, Tejgaon and Gazipur. Carbo...

Air pollution is still one of the biggest environmental threats to human health on a global scale. In urban environments, exposure to air pollution is largely influenced by the activity patterns of the population as well as by the high spatial and te...

Roadside vegetation helps to retain air pollutants emitted by road traffic. On the other hand, its presence makes it difficult to ventilate street canyons. The paper examines the influence of vegetation on the dispersion of air pollution generated by...

A numerical model of a flue gas scrubber sump is developed with the aim of enabling optimization of the design of the sump in order to reduce energy consumption. In this model, the multiphase flow of the continuous phase, i.e., water, and the dispers...

Automotive manufacturing is one of the potential sources of air pollution particularly involving volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study intensively evaluated VOC emissions and their dispersion from the industry. The measured VOCs were speciate...

Air toxic emissions from on-road mobile sources are significant contributors to the degradation of air quality in urban and dense population centers. Research led by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) identified more than 1162 ha...

Livestock farms are recognized sources of ammonia emissions, impacting nearby regions’ fine dust particle concentrations, though the full extent of this impact remains uncertain. Air dispersion models, commonly employed to estimate particulate...

Particulate matter represents a serious hazard to human health, and air quality models contribute to the understanding of its dispersion. This study describes particulate matter with a ≤10 μm diameter (PM10) dynamics in an urban–industria...

Computational modeling allows studying the air quality problems in depth and provides the best solution reducing the population risks. This research demonstrates the Graz Lagrangian model effectiveness for assessing emission sources contributions to...

A major challenge in traffic-related air pollution exposure studies is the lack of information regarding pollutant exposure characterization. Air quality modeling can provide spatially and temporally varying exposure estimates for examining relations...

The dynamic development of aviation is associated with many benefits, but also, unfortunately, with negative effects. One of the adverse consequences is the exhaust emissions that have a negative impact on human health. It particularly affects the re...

Nowadays, industries and society are very concerned about pollution, well-being, health, air quality, and the possible negative effects of industrial emissions on a property’s surroundings. This gas dispersion is typically estimated with Gaussi...

Vehicles are major sources of air pollutant emissions, and individuals living near large roads endure high exposures and health risks associated with traffic-related air pollutants. Air pollution epidemiology, health risk, environmental justice, and...

The #CHEARIATIRA citizen science campaign was developed in February 2019 in Torino (western part of the Po Valley megacity region). The aim of the campaign was public engagement with measuring NO2 concentrations in an urban area that often exceeds ai...

The rapid industrialization of cities has brought many challenges to the environment and resources. Industrial wastes, automobile exhaust, coal combustion soot and other pollutants accumulate in urban soil, and the characteristics of urban soil are c...

Air pollution has emerged as a pressing global issue in recent decades. While criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases contribute to the problem, this article explicitly addresses hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). This work estimates the country-wide...

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a key strategy to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial point sources. Gas absorption into aqueous amine solutions is an immediate technology for carbon capture that has been tested in many demonstr...

The impact of the emissions from a municipal Waste-to-Energy (WtE) plant in Northern Italy on local air quality was assessed using the CALMET-CALPUFF atmospheric dispersion modelling system. Model simulations were based on hourly emission rates measu...

Ethylene oxide (EtO) is a colorless, flammable gas at room temperature produced by the catalytic oxidation of ethylene. EtO is widely used by medical sterilization facilities to clean medical supplies and equipment. Recent epidemiological studies sho...

Oil refineries, producing a large variety of products, are considered as one of the main sources of air contaminants such as sulfur oxides (SOx), hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon dioxide (CO2), which are primarily caused by fuel combus...

The benefits of ‘green infrastructure’ are multi-faceted and well-documented, but estimating those of individual street-scale planting schemes at planning can be challenging. This is crucial to avoid undervaluing proposed schemes in cost–benefit anal...

This study presents an integrated assessment of anchorage-related emissions and air quality impacts in the Panama Canal region through Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, bottom-up emission estimation, and atmospheric dispersion modeling. One...

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of indoor air quality (IAQ) and ventilation, which researchers have been warning about for years. During the pandemic, researchers studied several indicators using different approaches to assess IAQ an...

Increase in grid resolution in atmospheric non-steady-state dispersion models induces a more faithful reflection of the area surface, and thus contributes to more detailed and diversified calculation results but also significantly prolongs the calcul...

This study examines the concentrations of air pollution in the vicinity of a combined heat and power plant (CHP) and a communication route, using computer modeling of pollutant dispersion and spatial analysis based on real measurements in the city of...

The severity of high atmospheric pollution has been a major social problem in northern China. To improve the air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region and guarantee a suitable environment during the military parade and other celebrating a...

Road vehicles are a large contributor to nitrogen oxides (NOx) pollution. The routine roadside monitoring stations, however, may underrepresent the severity of personal exposure in urban areas because long-term average readings cannot capture the eff...

The present work develops a multidisciplinary approach for evaluating the air pollution and economic impact from ships operating in the port of Varna. The work collects and analyses automatic identification system (AIS) data of the arriving and queui...

Air pollution dispersion modelling via spatial analyses (Land Use Regression—LUR) is an alternative approach to the standard air pollution dispersion modelling techniques in air quality assessment. Its advantages are mainly a much simpler mathe...

Vehicle traffic is one of the most significant emission sources of air pollutants in urban areas. While the influence of mobile source emissions is felt throughout an urban area, concentrations from mobile emissions can be highest near major roadways...

Domestic hot water heat pumps (DHW HPs) have spread fast in recent years in Europe and they now represent an interesting opportunity for implementing renewable energy sources in buildings with a centralized/district heating system, where DWH is gener...

The aim of this study was to rigorously quantify and analyse the concentrations of atmospheric pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, H2S, and O3) emitted by artisanal brick kilns in Juliaca City, Peru. The AERMOD dispersion model and a network of lo...

Industrial air emissions are major contributors to human exposure to toxic pollutants, posing significant health risks. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is increasingly used to quantify human toxicity impacts from industrial processes. Conventional LCA of...

Populated coastal areas are exposed to emissions from harbour-related activities (ship traffic, loading/unloading, and internal vehicular traffic), posing public health issues and environmental pressures on climate. Due to the strategic geographical...

Human exposure to air pollution in many studies is represented by ambient concentrations from space-time kriging of observed values. Space-time kriging techniques based on a limited number of ambient monitors may fail to capture the concentration fro...

Small-scale spatial variability in NO2 concentrations is analysed with the help of pollution maps. Maps of NO2 estimated by the Airviro dispersion model and land use regression (LUR) model are fused with measured NO2 concentrations from low-cost sens...

Cooking stoves produce significant emissions of PM2.5 in homes, causing major health impacts in rural communities. The installation of chimneys in cooking stoves has been documented to substantially reduce indoor emissions compared to those of tradit...

This study investigated the distribution of heavy metals in agricultural soils in the vicinity of three large mining landfills of the Kizhnica mine in the Republic of Kosovo. The mining sector is one of the most important sectors of Kosovo’s ec...

When it comes to air pollution complaints, odours are often the most significant contributor. Sources of odour emissions range from natural to anthropogenic. Mitigation of odour can be challenging, multifaceted, site-specific, and is often confounded...

Most of the zinc producers in the world use the jarosite process to improve zinc recovery and to remove iron as an undesirable constituent of zinc ores. Jarosite waste released from the zinc extraction process in Mitrovica, Kosovo has led to severe e...

Particulate matter (PM) is one of the major pollutants emitted by vehicles that adversely affect human health and the environment. This study evaluates and predicts concentrations and dispersion patterns of PM10 and PM2.5 in Kuala Lumpur city centre....