Prelaunch absolute, SI-traceable radiometric calibration of satellite-based sensors is key to ensuring the utility of imaging spectrometer-based data products. The development of detector-based calibration techniques leads to the feasibility of meeti...
The Earth’s climate is undoubtedly changing; however, the time scale, consequences, and causal attribution remain the subject of significant debate and uncertainty. Detection of subtle indicators from a background of natural variability require...
Independent radiometric data collected from multiple ground sites as part of vicarious calibration activities can be combined to harmonize the data products of Earth observation sensors with different temporal, spectral, and spatial resolutions. Rece...
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS Aqua Spacecraft was launched on 4 May 2002. The AIRS is designed to measure atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles and has demonstrated exceptional radiometric and spectral accuracy and sta...
The current implementation for continuous, long-term solar spectral irradiance (SSI) monitoring is the Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance Sensor (TSIS-1) Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SIM) that began operations from the International Space Station (I...
The radiometric calibration equations for the thermal emissive bands (TEB) and the reflective solar bands (RSB) measurements of the earth scenes by the polar satellite sensors, (Terra and Aqua) MODIS and Suomi NPP (VIIRS), and geostationary sensors,...
Earth observation data can help us understand and address some of the grand challenges and threats facing us today as a species and as a planet, for example climate change and its impacts and sustainable use of the Earth’s resources. However, i...
We propose a space benchmark sensor with onboard SI (Système International) traceability by means of quantum optical radiometry. Correlated photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) in nonlinear crystals are used...
Line-start incremental centrifugal liquid sedimentation (disc-CLS) is a powerful technique to determine particle size based on the principles of Stokes’ law. As most input quantities of the Stokes equation cannot be easily determined for typica...
The European Copernicus programme ensures long-term delivery of high-quality, global satellite ocean colour radiometry (OCR) observations from its Sentinel-3 (S3) satellite series carrying the ocean and land colour instrument (OLCI). In particular, t...
This paper presents a comprehensive intercomparison study investigating the radiometric performance of and concurrence among the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (L8 OLI), and L...
Vicarious calibration approaches using in situ measurements saw first use in the early 1980s and have since improved to keep pace with the evolution of the radiometric requirements of the sensors that are being calibrated. The advantage of in situ me...
The study described in this paper was conducted in the framework of the European nPSize project (EMPIR program) with the main objective of proposing new reference certified nanomaterials for the market in order to improve the reliability and traceabi...
A theoretical model for the responsivity and noise-equivalent power (NEP) of photoconductive antennas (PCAs) as coherent, homodyne THz detectors is presented. The model is validated by comparison to experimental values obtained for two ErAs:InGaAs PC...
Climate observations and their applications require measurements with high stability and low uncertainty in order to detect and assess climate variability and trends. The difficulty with space-based observations is that it is generally not possible t...
An intercomparison of radiance and irradiance ocean color radiometers (The Second Laboratory Comparison Exercise—LCE-2) was organized within the frame of the European Space Agency funded project Fiducial Reference Measurements for Satellite Oce...
The number of techniques to measure number concentrations and size distributions of submicrometer particles has recently increased. Submicrometer particle standards are needed to improve the accuracy and reproducibility of these techniques. The numbe...
Combining images from multiple Earth Observing (EO) satellites increases the temporal resolution of the data, overcoming the limitations imposed by low revisit time and cloud coverage. However, this requires an intercalibration process to ensure that...
An intercomparison of radiance and irradiance ocean color radiometers (the second laboratory comparison exercise—LCE-2) was organized within the frame of the European Space Agency funded project Fiducial Reference Measurements for Satellite Ocean Col...
This paper presents methodologies and equipment for SI-traceable inline measurements of water content (a critical quality parameter) in solid biofuels. Inline measurement systems for water content are commonly used at CHP plants, providing continuous...
For the first time, a novel dithiomaleimides (DTM) based tetra-antennary GalNAc conjugate was developed, which enable both efficient siRNA delivery and good traceability, without incorporating extra fluorophores. This conjugate can be readily constru...
Variability across different calibration laboratories can impact the consistency of ocean color data; this study addresses that challenge through a coordinated comparison of spectral irradiance and radiance calibrations. As part of the Fiducial Refer...
L-thyroxine (T4) is an important hormone for diagnosing and evaluating thyroid function disorders. As outlined in ISO17511, having a certified reference material (CRM) is crucial for ensuring that the results of clinical tests are traceable to the SI...
12 January 2022
In this work, a novel approach for the standardization of low-level 222Rn emanation is presented. The technique is based on the integration of a 222Rn source, directly, with an α-particle detector, which allows the residual 222Rn to be continuo...
Traceable characterization methods allow for the accurate correlation of the functionality or toxicity of nanomaterials with their underlaying chemical, structural or physical material properties. These correlations are required for the directed deve...
Accurate hyperspectral simulations are critical for the vicarious calibration of next-generation space-based sensors and for ensuring the long-term consistency of climate data records. This study presents a refined methodology to generate simulated r...
Optical remote sensing and Earth observation instruments rely on precise radiometric calibrations which are generally provided by the broadband emission from large-aperture integrating spheres. The link between the integrating sphere radiance and an...
The satellite Earth observation (EO) sector is burgeoning with hundreds of commercial satellites being launched each year, delivering a rich source of data that could be exploited for societal benefit. Data streams from the growing number of commerci...
The Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) routinely monitors the calibration of various channels of Earth-observing satellite instruments and generates GSICS Corrections, which are functions that can be applied to tie them to reference...
The correct estimate of individual thermal energy consumptions, and consequently, a fair heat cost allocation among the residents of apartment buildings with centralized heating systems, represents an important driving force towards energy saving, en...
Uninterrupted and overlapping satellite instrument measurements of Earth’s radiation budget from space are required to sufficiently monitor the planet’s changing climate, detect trends in key climate variables, constrain climate models, a...
Radiometric cross-calibration between the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and the Terra-Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has been partially used to derive the ASTER radiometric calibration c...
Drone-based remote sensing has evolved rapidly in recent years. Miniaturized hyperspectral imaging sensors are becoming more common as they provide more abundant information of the object compared to traditional cameras. Reflectance is a physically d...
Digitalization and the rapid development of IoT systems has posed challenges for metrology because it has been comparatively slow in adapting to the new demands. That is why the digital transformation of metrology has become a key research and develo...
In recent years, the concept of a Fiducial Reference Measurement (FRM) has been developed to highlight the need for precise and well-characterised measurements tailored explicitly to the post-launch calibration and validation (Cal/Val) of Earth obser...
Rydberg atoms are neutral atoms excited to high principal quantum number states, which endows them with exaggerated properties such as large electric dipole moments, long lifetimes, and extreme sensitivity to external electromagnetic fields. These ch...
Landsat 9 Operational Land Imager (L9-OLI) was launched on 27 September 2021, after completing a successful radiometric pre-launch calibration and characterization phase. The radiometric math model that governs the ground system—the data proces...
In order to have confidence in the long-term records of atmospheric and surface properties derived from satellite measurements it is important to know the stability and accuracy of the actual radiance or reflectance measurements. Climate quality meas...
Data spaces are digital realms of data and information shared between stakeholders and peer groups. They underpin several developments in sectors ranging from the automotive industry, through social sciences, to governmental networks. Digital traceab...
Satellite instruments operating in the thermal infrared wavelength range >3 µm provide information for applications such as land surface temperature (LST), sea surface temperatures (SST), land surface emissivity, land classification, soil co...
Chemo and siRNA synergic treatments for tumors is a promising new therapeutic trend. Selenocystine, a selenium analog of cysteine, has been considered a potential antitumor agent due to its redox perturbing role. In this study, we developed a nanocar...
The reflectance-based vicarious calibration approach uses measurements at well-understood test sites to provide top-of-atmosphere reference reflectance values suitable for inter-calibration approaches and does not require coincident views. The challe...
Fluosilicic acid is a by-product of the chemical phosphate industry, mainly during the manufacture of phosphoric acid and triple super phosphate (TSP). To ensure the accurate measurement of the H2SiF6 mass fraction in this by-product, method validati...
Calibration of flow devices is important in several areas of pharmaceutical, flow chemistry and microfluidic applications where dosage of process liquids or accurate measurement of flow rate is important. The process-oriented liquid itself might infl...
IoT systems based on collaborative sensor networks are becoming increasingly common in various industries owing to the increased availability of low-cost sensors. The quality of the data provided by these sensors may be unknown. For these reasons, ad...
The assessment of primary calibrator purity is critical for establishing traceability to the International System of Units (SI). Recently, quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) has been used as a purity determination method for reference mat...
In this work, the method for calculation of uncertainty of pyrheliometers’ responsivity during their outdoor calibration process in the laboratory is exposed. It is applied first for calibration of standard pyrheliometers by comparison to cavit...
A ring signature (RS) scheme enables a group member to sign messages on behalf of its group without revealing the definite signer identify, but this also leads to the abuse of anonymity by malicious signers, which can be prevented by traceable ring s...
Free acidity of aqueous solutions was initially defined in 1909 by Søren Peter Lauritz Sørensen as pH = −lgcH+ (c/mol·dm−3 or m/mol·kg−1 of the free hydrogen ions in solution, H+) soon (1910) was changed to pH = paH+ = −lgaH+, integrating the new co...
This paper addresses the planar measurement problem in the destructive mechanical testing of masonry specimens, describing the proposed optical measurement solution. The adopted affine geometrical camera model is described as well as its experimental...
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