The receptor-interacting protein kinase 4 (RIPK4) plays an important role in the development and maintenance of various tissues including skin, but its role in melanoma has not been reported. Using patient-derived cell lines and clinical samples, we...
Vemurafenib and dabrafenib are BRAF kinase inhibitors (BRAFi) used for the treatment of patients with melanoma carrying the V600E BRAF mutation. However, melanoma cells develop resistance to both drugs when used as monotherapy. Therefore, mechanisms...
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 4 (RIPK4) and its kinase substrate the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) play critical roles in the development and maintenance of the epidermis. In addition, ourselves and...
Melanoma cells remain resistant to chemotherapy with cisplatin (CisPt) and doxorubicin (DOX). The abnormal expression of Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 4 (RIPK4) in certain melanomas contributes to tumour growth through the NFκB and Wnt/&b...
Cardiovascular diseases, including peripheral arterial and venous disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke, are the number one cause of death worldwide annually. In the last 20 years, the role of necroptosis, a newly identified form of regulated ne...
Many studies reported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in gastric cancer (GC) metastasis and tumorigenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in GC remain unexplored to a great extent. LINC01537 expression level was...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, due to the limited efficacy of current therapeutic strategies in advanced stages. Necroptosis, a regulated form of necrotic cell death mediated by recept...
We have previously demonstrated that receptor-interacting serine threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) is expressed in hair follicles and regulates the hair cycle. In a mouse model, RIPK1 inhibitors also accelerated the telogen-to-anagen transition and elongate...
Methamphetamine (Meth), a psychostimulant drug of the amphetamine type, is widely abused and highly neurotoxic. Meth exposure leads to neuronal necroptosis, and the mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved. However, the underlying mechanisms remain...
This work utilizes the anthraquinone (AQ) database to identify potential inhibitors of the RIPK1 protein for developing medicines targeting AP-associated necroptosis. Screening for necroptosis-related genes that play a crucial role in AP is based on...
Thyroid hormone (TH) regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism. Increased TH levels in circulation are associated with a higher incidence of age-related macular degeneration. In mice, TH treatment causes photoreceptor degeneration...
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are synthetic broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents that have been recently repurposed to anticancer candidates. Designing new derivatives of FQs with different moieties to target DNA topoisomerases could improve their anticancer...
RIPK1 (receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1) enzymatic activity drives both apoptosis and necroptosis, a regulated form of necrosis. Because necroptosis is involved in necrotic core development in atherosclerotic plaques, we investi...
Microglial dysfunction is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. The neurotoxicity of microglia associated with oxidative stress largely depends on NF-κB pathway activation, which promotes the production...
RIPK3 is a key regulator of necroptosis, which plays a double-edged sword role in tumor progression. CHIP is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates necroptosis by degrading RIPK3. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of RIPK3 and CHIP expression...
Diffuse gliomas (DGs) are malignant primary brain tumors originating from glial cells. This study aimed to investigate the role of Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) in DG pathology. The RIPK1 mRNA expression was analyzed in DG databases f...
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and aggressive form of breast cancer that is associated with significantly high mortality. In spite of advances in IBC diagnoses, the prognosis is still poor compared to non-IBC. Due to the aggressive nature...
Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) plays a crucial role in controlling inflammation and cell death. Its function is tightly controlled through post-translational modifications, enabling its dynamic switch between promoting cell survival an...
Fabry disease is a lysosomal storage disease with an X-linked heritage caused by absent or decreased activity of lysosomal enzymes named alpha-galactosidase A (α-gal A). Among the various manifestations of Fabry disease, Fabry nephropathy signi...
Scrub typhus is an emerging chigger-borne disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) mediated by RIPK3 (serine/threonine kinase receptor interacting protein 3) a...
Receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is a vital serine/threonine kinase in regulating the programmed destruction of infected cells to defend against RNA viruses. Although the role of RIPK3 in viruses in mice is well characterized, it remains...
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) participates in the regulation of cellular stress and inflammatory responses, but its function in neuropathic pain remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the role of RIPK1 in neu...
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents. Unfortunately, drug resistance limits the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatment and compromises therapeutic outcomes in a substantial proportion of cases. Aber...
Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is a key component of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor signaling complex that regulates both pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling. The reciprocal functions of RIPK1 in TNF signaling are determined by...
For several decades, cancers have demonstrably been one of the most frequent causes of death worldwide. In addition to genetic causes, cancer can also be caused by epigenetic gene modifications. Frequently, tumor suppressor genes are epigenetically i...
Urban particulate matter (UPM) is a high-hazard cause of various diseases in humans, including in the respiratory tract, skin, heart, and even brain. Unfortunately, there is no established treatment for the damage caused by UPM in the respiratory epi...
Increasing evidence suggests a pivotal role of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), an initiator of necroptosis, in neuroinflammation. However, the precise role of RIPK1 in microglial activation remains unclear. In the present study, we exp...
Rhinoviruses (RV), like many other viruses, modulate programmed cell death to their own advantage. The viral protease, 3C has an integral role in the modulation, and we have shown that RVA-16 3C protease cleaves Receptor-interacting protein kinase-1...
Neuroinflammation is one of the hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease, including the massive activation of microglia and astrocytes and the release of inflammatory factors. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is reported to mediate cell de...
Ischemic brain injury is a widespread pathological condition, the main components of which are a deficiency of oxygen and energy substrates. In recent years, a number of new forms of cell death, including necroptosis, have been described. In necropto...
Ferroptosis is caused by the iron-mediated accumulation of lipid peroxidation, which is distinct from apoptosis and necroptosis. Necrostatin-1 inhibits receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) to initiate necroptosis; it also in...
Necroptosis has emerged as an exciting target in oncological, inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases, in addition to acute ischemic injuries. It is known to play a role in innate immune response, as well as in antiviral cellular res...
The receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is a key regulator of necroptosis and is involved in various pathologies of human diseases. We previously reported that RIPK3 expression is upregulated in various neural cells at the lesions and necro...
Necroptosis is an antiviral form of programmed cell death modulated by proteins that interact via RIP Homotypic Interaction Motifs (RHIMs). The result of the signaling pathways depends on which RHIM-containing proteins are involved: although both hos...
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by patchy, transmural inflammation that is influenced by genetic, environmental, and microbial factors. The NOD2 pathway mediates NFκB activation and pro-in...
Background/Objectives: Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are rare but severe skin conditions, often triggered by medications, that can be life-threatening. These conditions frequently affect the eyes, causing ocu...
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a protein involved in apoptosis, and receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase-3 (RIPK3), implicated in necroptosis, are known to change during organ damage and have been studied as prognostic...
Pyroptosis enables host cells to eliminate intracellular pathogens effectively. However, how Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) evades host pyroptosis remains unclear. This study reveals that C. trachomatis exploits the host Long non-coding RNA (...
Inflammation is a key characteristic of both acute and chronic kidney diseases. Preclinical data suggest the involvement of the NLRP3/Inflammasome, receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3), and NRF2/oxidative pathways in the regulation of kidney...
The intestine requires a great deal of energy to maintain its health and function; thus, energy deficits in the intestinal mucosa may lead to intestinal damage. Aspartate (Asp) is an essential energy source in the intestinal mucosa and plays a vital...
Different programed cell death (PCD) modalities involve protein–protein interactions in large complexes. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) stimulated assembly of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)/Fas-associated death domain (FADD) interactio...
Phycocyanin, derived from Spirulina platensis, is a type of natural antineoplastic marine protein. It is known that phycocyanin exerts anticancer effects on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, but its underlying mechanism has not been elucidate...
Although the global incidence of tuberculosis has declined in recent years, tuberculosis remains a major global public health challenge. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) including M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. microti, etc., is the deadl...
High-grade ovarian cancer (HGOC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer, with high metastasis and recurrence. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for its apoptosis resistance, cancer metastasis, and recurrence. Thus, targeting CSCs would be a p...
Background and objectives: Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase-2 (RIPK2) is an important mediator in different pathways in the immune and inflammatory response system. RIPK2 was also shown to play different roles in different cancer...
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe and potentially fatal disease caused predominantly by alcohol excess and gallstones, which lacks a specific therapy. The role of Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 1 (RIPK1), a key component of programmed necrosis...
Necroptosis is a newly discovered mechanism of cell death, and its key regulatory role is attributed to the interaction of receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPKs) RIPK1 and RIPK3. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) is a newly disc...
Programmed cell death pathways eliminate infected cells and regulate infection-associated inflammation during pathogen invasion. Cytomegaloviruses encode several distinct suppressors that block intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, and necroptosi...
Functional cell death pathways are essential for normal ocular vascular development and tissue homeostasis. As our understanding of necrosis-based cell death pathways has expanded, the inclusion of regulated forms, including necroptosis, ferroptosis,...
The Protein Kinase Receptor type 2 (RIPK2) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases; it signals downstream of the NOD1 and NOD2 intracellular sensors and promotes a productive inflammatory response. However, excessive NOD2...
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