Facial wrinkles are a key indicator of aging and hold significant importance in skincare, cosmetics, and cosmetology. Their formation is closely linked to mechanical deformation, yet the underlying processes remain complex. This study integrates the...
We present the first study in the literature that has aimed to determine Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) levels by analyzing facial expressions using Facial Action Coding System (FACS) by means of a unique noninvasive architecture on three lay...
Although electromyography (EMG) remains the standard, researchers have begun using automated facial action coding system (FACS) software to evaluate spontaneous facial mimicry despite the lack of evidence of its validity. Using the facial EMG of the...
Although evidence exists for android-induced spontaneous facial mimicry, the timing and temporal precedence (Granger causality) of this effect remain uncertain. We used the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) to analyze simultaneous dyadic facial vide...
This paper presents a real-time system for the detection and classification of facial micro-expressions, evaluated on the CASME II dataset. Micro-expressions are brief and subtle indicators of genuine emotions, posing significant challenges for autom...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that mainly affects the motor system. Among other symptoms, hypomimia is considered one of the clinical hallmarks of the disease. Despite its great impact on patients’ quality of life, i...
Synthesizing anatomically plausible facial expressions for embodied avatars requires bridging the gap between high-level semantic intent and low-level physical constraints. This study presents a unified architecture that establishes a “Semantic...
This paper proposes E-MOTE (Emotion-aware Teacher Education Framework), an ethically grounded conceptual model aimed at enhancing teacher education through the integrated use of the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), an...
Facial emotion recognition (FER) is an important topic in the fields of computer vision and artificial intelligence owing to its significant academic and commercial potential. Although FER can be conducted using multiple sensors, this review focuses...
In recent years, facial expression analysis and recognition (FER) have emerged as an active research topic with applications in several different areas, including the human-computer interaction domain. Solutions based on 2D models are not entirely sa...
Micro-expressions, characterized by brief and subtle facial muscle movements, are essential for conveying nuanced emotions in digital humans, yet existing rendering techniques often produce rigid or emotionally monotonous animations due to the inadeq...
Recognizing emotions accurately in virtual reality (VR) enables adaptive and personalized experiences across gaming, therapy, and other domains. However, most existing facial emotion recognition models rely on acted expressions collected under contro...
Animal micro-expressions constitute transient behavioral windows that link internal states to externally observable signals, while artificial intelligence (AI) serves as the critical bridge that transforms these windows into measurable, interpretable...
Physical exercise has become an essential tool for treating various non-communicable diseases (also known as chronic diseases). Due to this, physical exercise allows to counter different symptoms and reduce some risk of death factors without medicati...
The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) is an anatomically based system to study facial expression in humans. Currently, it is recognized that nonhuman animals, particularly nonhuman primates, have an extensive facial ethogram that changes according t...
In the field of affective computing, achieving accurate automatic detection of facial movements is an important issue, and great progress has already been made. However, a systematic evaluation of systems that now have access to the dynamic facial da...
Micro-expressions are brief spontaneous facial expressions that appear on a face when a person conceals an emotion, making them different to normal facial expressions in subtlety and duration. Currently, emotion classes within the CASME II dataset (C...
Automated recognition of human facial expressions of pain and emotions is to a certain degree a solved problem, using approaches based on computer vision and machine learning. However, the application of such methods to horses has proven difficult. M...
Facial phenotypes are significant in communication with conspecifics among social primates. Less is understood about the impact of such markers in heterospecific encounters. Through behavioral and physical phenotype analyses of domesticated dogs livi...
This article presents a study based on evaluating different techniques to automatically recognize the basic emotions of people with Down syndrome, such as anger, happiness, sadness, surprise, and neutrality, as well as the statistical analysis of the...
Facial expressions play a crucial role in the diagnosis of mental illnesses characterized by mood changes. The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) is a comprehensive framework that systematically categorizes and captures even subtle changes in facial...
In second-language communication, emotional feedbacks play a preponderant role in instilling positive emotions and thereby facilitating the production of the target language by second-language learners. In contrast, facial expressions help convey emo...
Facial expression is an important way to reflect human emotions and it represents a dynamic deformation process. Analyzing facial movements is an effective means of understanding expressions. However, there is currently a lack of methods capable of a...
Facial expressions are one of the important non-verbal ways used to understand human emotions during communication. Thus, acquiring and reproducing facial expressions is helpful in analyzing human emotional states. However, owing to complex and subtl...
Background/Objectives: Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) are known to exhibit both reduced pain sensitivity—when assessed via thresholds and subjective ratings—and diminished facial expressions of emotion. Therefore, investigating th...
Facial expression recognition (FER) systems often explain predictions with saliency maps that neither identify specific facial behaviour nor indicate how a decision could change. We present AU-GRACE, which couples an action-unit (AU) relation graph w...
Emotions play an indicative and informative role in the investigation of farm animal behaviors. Systems that respond and can measure emotions provide a natural user interface in enabling the digitalization of animal welfare platforms. The faces of fa...
An essential aspect in the interaction between people and computers is the recognition of facial expressions. A key issue in this process is to select relevant features to classify facial expressions accurately. This study examines the selection of o...
Several studies on micro-expression recognition have contributed mainly to accuracy improvement. However, the computational complexity receives lesser attention comparatively and therefore increases the cost of micro-expression recognition for real-t...
4 December 2019
Introduction: The significance of psychotherapeutic micro-processes, such as nonverbal facial expressions and relationship quality, is widely known, yet hitherto has not been investigated satisfactorily. In this exploratory study, we aim to examine t...
Micro expressions are usually subtle and brief facial expressions that humans use to hide their true emotional states. In recent years, micro-expression recognition has attracted wide attention in the fields of psychology, mass media, and computer vi...
This paper presents a multi-sensor humanoid robotic head for human robot interaction. The design of the robotic head, Muecas, is based on ongoing research on the mechanisms of perception and imitation of human expressions and emotions. These mechanis...
Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is a critical component of affective computing, with deep learning models dominating performance metrics. In contrast, geometric approaches based on the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) offer explainability throu...
Visual biosignals can be used to analyze human behavioral activities and serve as a primary resource for Facial Expression Recognition (FER). FER computational systems face significant challenges, arising from both spatial and temporal effects. Spati...
Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are at a high risk of experiencing pain. Pain management requires assessment, a challenging mission considering the impaired communication skills in IDD. We analyzed subjective and ob...
The objective of the article is to recognize users’ emotions by classifying facial electromyographic (EMG) signals. A biomedical signal amplifier, equipped with eight active electrodes positioned in accordance with the Facial Action Coding Syst...
Communication within a species is essential for access to resources, alerting to dangers, group facilitation and social bonding; human facial expressions are considered to be an important factor in one’s ability to communicate with others. Evid...
Does the head tilt observed in many domesticated dogs index lateralized language processing? To answer this question, the present study evaluated household dogs responding to four conditions in which owners provided an increasing number of communicat...
Emotional and workload-related states unfold dynamically during immersive virtual reality (VR) experiences, yet reliable physiological modeling in such environments remains challenging. We investigated whether multi-channel facial electromyography (f...
(1) Background: One of the characteristics associated with Rett syndrome (RTT) is a fear of movement (FOM). Despite the grave consequences on health, function, and the caregiver’s burden associated with bradykinesia accompanying FOM, there is n...
Background: Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is a leading contributor to global disability and healthcare burdens. While self-reported pain scales remain the clinical standard, they are limited by subjectivity and inter-individual variability. Therefore, o...
With accelerating climate change and the urgent need to cut carbon emissions, global focus has turned to the existing building stock and its renovation. Sustainable renovation helps to achieve better energy performance and gain wider sustainability b...
The Horse Grimace Scale (HGS) is a facial-expression-based pain coding system that enables a range of acute painful conditions in horses to be effectively identified. Using valid assessment methods to identify pain in horses is of a clear importance;...