Announcements

4 March 2026
MDPI’s 2025 Best Paper Awards—Award-Winning Papers Announced


MDPI is honored to announce the recipients of the 2025 Best Paper Awards, celebrating exceptional research for its scientific merit and broad impact. After a rigorous evaluation process conducted by Academic Editors, this year’s awards showcase papers that stand out for their innovation, relevance, and high-quality presentation.

Out of a highly competitive pool, 396 winning papers have been recognized for their exceptional contributions. We congratulate these authors for pushing the boundaries of their respective disciplines.

At MDPI, we are dedicated to broadening the reach of innovative science. To learn more about the award-winning papers and explore research projects in your field of study, please visit the following links:

About MDPI Awards:

To reward the global research community and enhance academic dialogue, MDPI journals regularly host award programs across diverse scientific disciplines. These awards, serving as a source of inspiration and recognition, help raise the influence of talented individuals who have been credited with outstanding achievements and whose work drives the advancement of their fields.

Explore the Best Paper Awards open for participation, please click here.

 

28 February 2026
MDPI INSIGHTS: The CEO’s Letter #32 - MDPI China and Thailand, China Science Daily, 1,000 Partnerships, R2R

Welcome to the MDPI Insights: The CEO's Letter.

In these monthly letters, I will showcase two key aspects of our work at MDPI: our commitment to empowering researchers and our determination to facilitating open scientific exchange.


Opening Thoughts

Reflections from China: Year-End-Celebrations and Open Access Publishing

In February, I had the pleasure of joining over a thousand colleagues from our Tongzhou and Haidian offices at their end-of-year annual celebration in Beijing.

Spending time with our teams in China is also a powerful reminder of the scale and complexity of MDPI as a global organization. Our colleagues in Beijing, Wuhan, and across the country play a significant role in our day-to-day operations and long-term development. I’m grateful for the hospitality, collaboration, and commitment shown by our managers and teams in China, alongside colleagues worldwide, who have helped steadily build MDPI, brick by brick, over the years.

Below are some data on Open Access (OA) publishing in China and our collaboration in this important research market.

Open Access Publishing in China

China has been the world’s leading country in research and review article publication volume since 2019, exceeding one million publications in 2025. Over the past five years, the gap between China and the second-ranked country, the United States, has continued to widen.

In 2025:

  • 47% of China’s research output was published Open Access
  • Of those OA publications, 76% were Gold Open Access (approximately 382,930 articles)
  • The overall OA distribution remained stable compared with 2024, with Gold OA increasing by 1%

Over the past five years (2021–2025):

  • China published 4,398,050 research and review articles
  • Approximately 48% of this output was OA

According to Dimensions, when comparing the top 20 countries by publication volume (2021–2025):

  • China ranks 1st worldwide in publication volume
  • China ranks 9th in citation performance within this group (for comparison, the US ranks 2nd in publication volume and 10th in citation ranking)
  • Average citations per article: 12.51

Among the top 10 universities globally by publication volume, six are Chinese institutions, alongside Harvard University (USA), the University of São Paulo (Brazil), the University of Toronto (Canada), and the University of Oxford (UK).

MDPI and China

China is an important and long-standing part of MDPI’s global publishing ecosystem:

  • In 2025, MDPI was the largest fully Open Access publisher in China
  • MDPI published 22% of China’s Gold Open Access output (82,133 papers)
  • We received 290,999 submissions from China-affiliated authors and published 82,133 articles
  • There are 8,500+ active Editorial Board Members based in China
    • 64% (5,438) have an H-index above 26
  • MDPI works with:
    • 117 Editors-in-Chief
    • 103 Section Editors-in-Chief
  • 71 China-based institutions currently hold IOAP agreements with MDPI, seven of which rank among the top 10 Chinese institutions by publication volume

China's scale in research output means that the publishing platforms chosen by Chinese scholars will continue to influence the direction of scholarly publishing. At the same time, MDPI’s strength comes from its international collaboration, with colleagues, editors, reviewers, and authors working together across regions and disciplines.

Thank you to all our colleagues in China, and around the world, who support MDPI’s publishing activities across departments and help advance open access research every day.

Impactful Research

“Progress in open science is built through trust, dialogue, and relationships”

Behind the Scenes: A Conversation with China Science Daily

During my trip to Beijing, I also had the opportunity to visit China Science Daily and take part in an interview and broader exchange with their team in Beijing. Visits like this matter because progress in open science is built not only through platforms and infrastructure, but also through trust, dialogue, and relationships across research communities and regions.

China Science Daily: History Museum

As part of the visit, I was given a tour of their History Museum, which offers a thorough perspective on the evolution of China’s first science and technology newspaper, established in 1959. The exhibition highlights how the organization developed into a trusted institution connecting research with the public and policymakers. It was a helpful reminder that at the core of publishing is stewardship, credibility, and long-term public engagement with science.

An Open Exchange on Open Science

During the visit, I met with Dr. Zhao Yan, Editor-in-Chief of ScienceNet. We had an open and engaging conversation about MDPI’s role in Open Access, the evolution of open science globally, and the potential for more collaboration going forward. He especially appreciated the candid and personal nature of our exchange, noting that this kind of dialogue feels important in a landscape where trust and transparency matter.

Interview on Open Access

I also participated in an interview with Ms. Yan Jie, from the Online Media Center and Editor-in-Chief of ScienceNet, China Science Daily. Our discussion covered the growth of Open Access over the past 30 years, MDPI’s mission and values, academic integrity, collaboration with the Chinese research community, and MDPI’s own 30th anniversary milestone. It was a great opportunity to reflect on how open science has matured, and where shared responsibility across publishers, institutions, and researchers continues to matter most.

“Progress in open science is built by more than scale and infrastructure”

I’m sharing a few photos from the visit as a glimpse behind the scenes. The full interview will be published by China Science Daily in due course, and I look forward to sharing it when it is available.

More broadly, visits like this reinforce something I’ve always believed in: progress in open science is built not only through scale and infrastructure, but also through continued dialogue, mutual respect, collaboration, and a willingness to listen across regions and perspectives. That remains central to our work, especially as MDPI reflects on 30 years of publishing, built together.

Inside MDPI

Bangkok Visit: Growth, Partnership, and Local Impact

In February, I also had the opportunity to visit our Bangkok office for the second time in two years to support their local meetings and deliver a training session on how we present MDPI at a corporate level.

It’s easy to spend time with our colleagues in Thailand. From Editorial and Production to Conferences, Marketing, Design, and our Regional Journal Relations Specialist (RJRS), the team continues to grow in scale and professionalism. I’d also like to recognize our local management and admin teams, who have been steadily expanding our office and supporting more than 500 colleagues on the ground.

Academic Partnerships

During the visit, we met with the Engineering Department at King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL). Our discussion focused on the recent MDPI developments, Institutional Open Access Program (IOAP) opportunities, Author Publishing Workshops (APW), and the potential use of JAMS to support their institutional journal.

“MDPI is the third-largest OA publisher in Thailand”

We also shared insights into the growth of Open Access (OA) in Thailand and KMITL’s own publishing trends. These conversations matter because institutions are looking for sustainable ways to support their researchers. Our IOAP agreements are one simple example of how we can provide value in this area while maintaining accessibility for authors.

Thailand and MDPI: 2025 Snapshot

Our Bangkok office, officially launched in 2022, has been growing to support over 500 staff members while continuing to expand its engagement in scholar visits, workshops, and conference collaborations. As at 2025, Thailand submissions to MDPI have increased about 21% and publications by about 25%, maintaining a rejection rate close to the company average. MDPI is the third-largest OA publisher in Thailand, publishing 15% of all Gold OA output in 2025.

Representing MDPI Externally

During the visit, I delivered a training session on how we present MDPI at external events.

This session covered topics related to:

  • Our aim and guiding principles
  • High-level company milestones and Indexing facts and figures
  • Industry partnerships and collaborations
  • Market trends in OA and subscription publishing
  • Country-specific publishing data and collaborations with MDPI
  • Insights from our Voice of Community report

I find that while many colleagues are very familiar with the specific journal for which they have responsibility, fewer have visibility into the broader MDPI ecosystem and the company’s global positioning. These sessions help build alignment, confidence, and consistency in how we represent the company.

What stands out most is that MDPI’s growth is not abstract: it’s visible in the people, the partnerships, and the professionalism developing across our offices.

Coming Together for Science

1,000 Institutional Partners: A Milestone Built on Trust

This month, we reached an important milestone: more than 1,000 institutions worldwide are now part of MDPI’s Institutional Open Access Program (IOAP). On paper, that is a number. In practice, it represents trust.

This milestone symbolizes thousands of conversations with libraries and institutions. It stands for negotiations, renewals, consortium expansions, and, most importantly, relationships built over time. It reflects the work of colleagues across publishing, institutional partnerships, marketing, editorial, finance, and many other teams who contribute to making these agreements operational.

In 2025 alone, more than 61,300 research articles benefited from article processing charge (APC) discounts through IOAP agreements. Tens of thousands of authors were able to publish through a simplified and structured process. At the same time, institutional administrators gained clearer oversight and streamlined workflows.

Why IOAP Matters

When we launched IOAP, the objective was straightforward: to reduce barriers for researchers while supporting institutions in navigating the evolving OA landscape. Over the past decade, the research ecosystem has changed. Funder mandates, national policies, and Plan S–aligned requirements have accelerated the transition to OA.

Institutions need publishing partners who provide transparency, scalability, and operational efficiency. IOAP was designed to support that reality.

For colleagues who would like to better understand the program, this blog-post overview of MDPI’s IOAP provides additional context, including common questions around the transition to OA and how our institutional partnerships are structured.

“Institutions need publishing partners who provide transparency, scalability, and operational efficiency”

Recent Examples

Our agreements continue to evolve across regions:

These examples show that institutions seek structured, predictable models that support their researchers at scale.

Looking Ahead

Crossing the threshold of 1,000 partners tells us that institutions see MDPI not just as a publisher but as a reliable operational partner in advancing open science. This milestone is not a finish line. It is a reminder that the work continues.

Thank you to the entire IOAP team and to all colleagues who contributed to reaching this achievement.

P.S. You can read about this milestone across industry outlets, including STM Publishing News, ALPSP, Research Information, EurekAlert, Brightsurf, among others. You can also read about the coverage in Poland (e.g., media-room, bomega) Korea (newstap), and Romania (EduLike).

Closing Thoughts

Reflections from the Researcher to Reader Conference

During 24–25 February, I attended the 2026 Researcher to Reader Conference in London, UK. Leaders from across scholarly publishing, research infrastructure, libraries, and technology gathered to discuss AI and research integrity, peer review reform, metadata and infrastructure, community engagement, open research policy, and the evolving role of publishers in a rapidly shifting ecosystem.

The conversations were open and honest, and at times uncomfortable – exactly what we need at times. Below are a few reflections that stayed with me.

The Battle for Knowledge: What Becomes Accepted as ‘True’?

One recurring theme was not whether science evolves but whether our infrastructure is resilient enough to sustain trust at scale. Science does not promise certainty: it promises process. As publishing systems grow more complex and become more technologically mediated, the question is how intentionally we design, monitor, and strengthen that process.

Peer Review: Speed, Credentials, and Structural Loops

Researchers consistently call for faster peer review. At the same time, reviewer credentials are often tied to publication records. This creates a structural loop. Publishing history opens reviewing opportunities, reviewing strengthens credentials, and those without early access remain outside the cycle.

There is a need for us to reflect on how opportunity circulates within our systems: we should ask how we create more inclusive pathways for researchers globally to participate in peer review.

Community Engagement Workshop

One of the highlights of R2R was the workshop format, whereby small groups met repeatedly over two days and moved from ideas to tangible strategies.

I joined the Community Engagement workshop led by Lou Peck (CEO at The International Bunch) and Godwyns Onwuchekwa (Principal Consultant at Global Tapestry Consulting). We explored two deceptively simple questions: What is a community? and What does engagement truly mean?

“Engagement requires shared design and shared responsibility”

Too often, organizations equate communication with engagement. The framework discussed mapped a maturity spectrum – from enablement (broadcasting, informing and consulting) to true engagement (collaborating and co-creating).

It was a useful reminder of the fact that if we want trust and loyalty, engagement must go beyond announcements and surveys. It requires shared design and shared responsibility.

AI: Democratization or Digital Colonialism?

I especially enjoyed the thought-provoking presentation from Nikesh Gosalia (Chief Partnership Officer at Cactus Communications), which highlighted an uncomfortable reality:

  • 93% of AI-generated content is in English
  • Approximately 2% is in French
  • Approximately 2% is in German
  • More than 7,000 languages are represented in less than 5% of the content within large AI systems

The implications are profound. Is AI democratizing access to scholarly publishing (making it easier for researchers everywhere to participate in global knowledge production)? Or are we encoding colonialism at scale (entrenching linguistic and structural hierarchies, and making it harder for voices from the Global South to be heard)?

AI is already reshaping how research is created, reviewed, discovered, and shared. Its potential is enormous. But its impact depends not only on capability, but on governance, design, and intentionality. Publishers, funders, and researchers all share responsibility in shaping how these systems evolve.

Ethicality in practice (Lightening Talk)

It was also great to have our colleague Dr Miloš Čučulović (Head of Technology Innovation at MDPI) present MDPI’s Ethicality platform during a lightning talk.

“Technology alone is not the answer”

Ethicality embeds AI-driven checks directly into the submission workflow, supporting editors proactively rather than reacting after publication. As we scale, tools like this help balance trust, efficiency, and research integrity.

This goes back into the underlying theme of the conference that technology alone is not the answer. However, technology embedded thoughtfully within clear governance frameworks can strengthen confidence in the editorial process.

Final thought

The question is no longer whether technology will transform research infrastructure: it is already doing so. The real question is what role each of us will play in shaping that transformation deliberately, with structural maturity, inclusive governance, and engagement that moves from informing to co-creating.

Science needs to evolve, responsibly. And that responsibility extends not only to what we publish, but also to how the systems behind publication are designed. Some important topics to continue reflecting on both internally and within our broader community.

Stefan Tochev
Chief Executive Officer
MDPI AG

28 February 2026
World Wildlife Day—“Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Conserving Health, Heritage and Livelihoods”, 3 March 2026


The 3rd of March is World Wildlife Day, a global observance dedicated to celebrating and raising awareness about the world’s wild fauna and flora. As highlighted by the UN, wildlife is fundamental to healthy ecosystems, which provide essential services—from food security and livelihood to climate regulation and cultural value. Yet an estimated one million species are now threatened by extinction due to habitat loss, illegal trade, climate change and human–wildlife conflict. Protecting wildlife safeguards biodiversity, which underpins resilient ecosystems and supports the well-being of communities worldwide, particularly Indigenous peoples and local populations who depend directly on natural resources.

Join us in observing World Wildlife Day by exploring research that advances global conservation goals, such as Sustainable Development Goal 15 (Life on Land). Together, these studies amplify the call to action, uniting scientists, policymakers, and local stewards to ensure a future where wildlife thrives and continues to sustain both people and the planet.

Biology & Life Sciences

Medicine & Pharmacology

Engineering

Invited speakers:

Prof. Dr. Vanessa Steenkamp,
University of Pretoria, South Africa

Dr. Alessandra Carrubba,
University of Palermo, Italy

Register for this webinar for free here!

Preliminary Studies on In Vitro Antibacterial Activity Against Staphylococcus aureus of Supercritical Fluid Extract from Juniperus oxycedrus: Evidence on Phenols Effect
by Ilir Mërtiri, Leontina Grigore-Gurgu, Liliana Mihalcea, Iuliana Aprodu, Mihaela Turturică, Gabriela Râpeanu and Nicoleta Stănciuc
Pharmaceuticals 2026, 19(2), 287; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph19020287

Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Diversity of Greece: Biodiversity Knowledge, Ethnobotany and Sustainable Use—A Short Review
by Alexandra D. Solomou, Aikaterini Molla and Elpiniki Skoufogianni
Diversity 2026, 18(1), 56; https://doi.org/10.3390/d18010056

Biochemical Diversity and Nutraceutical Potential of Medicinal Plant-Based Herbal Teas from Southwestern Türkiye
by Halil Ibrahim Sagbas, Saban Kordali, Sena Sahin, Selçuk Küçükaydın and Elif Uyduran
Plants 2026, 15(1), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15010125

Sea-Derived Organic Amendments Enhance Growth and Nitrogen Dynamics in Sage Cultivation (Salvia officinalis L.)
by Aikaterini Molla, Alexios Lolas and Elpiniki Skoufogianni
Nitrogen 2026, 7(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen7010005

Intercropping Medicinal and Aromatic Plants with Other Crops: Insights from a Review of Sustainable Farming Practices
by Milica Aćimović, Juliana Navarro Rocha, Alban Ibraliu, Janko Červenski, Vladimir Sikora, Silvia Winter, Biljana Lončar, Lato Pezo and Ivan Salamon
Agronomy 2025, 15(12), 2692; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15122692

A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Aromatic and Medicinal Plant Species Classification Using a Curated Leaf Image Dataset
by Shareena E. M., D. Abraham Chandy, Shemi P. M. and Alwin Poulose
AgriEngineering 2025, 7(8), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering7080243

Antioxidant Potential and Its Changes Caused by Various Factors in Lesser-Known Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
by Sona Skrovankova and Jiri Mlcek
Horticulturae 2025, 11(1), 104; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11010104

Nutraceutical Value of Eleven Aromatic Medicinal Plants and Azorean Camellia sinensis: Comparison of Antioxidant Properties and Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents
by Lisete Sousa Paiva, Madalena Hintze Motta and José António Bettencourt Baptista
Processes 2024, 12(7), 1375; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12071375

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) from Alentejo (South Portugal)—Ethnobotany and Potential Industrial Use
by Orlanda Póvoa, Noémia Farinha, Violeta Lopes, Alexandra M. Machado and Ana Cristina Figueiredo
Foods 2024, 13(6), 929; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13060929

The Most Relevant Socio-Economic Aspects of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants through a Literature Review
by Maria Pergola, Enrica De Falco, Angelo Belliggiano and Corrado Ievoli
Agriculture 2024, 14(3), 405; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14030405

Omics Era in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Towards a New Age of Agriculture and Sustainability
Guest Editors: Dr. Jong-Wook Chung and Dr. Sebastin Raveendar
Submission deadline: 25 June 2026

Plant Diversity Discovery and Resource Utilization
Guest Editors: Dr. Feifei Li and Prof. Dr. Giovanni Bacaro
Submission deadline: 30 June 2026

Ethnobotany in a Changing World: Strategies for Plant Conservation
Guest Editors: Dr. Dessislava Dimitrova and Dr. Teodora Ivanova
Submission deadline: 31 October 2026

Progress in Wildlife Conservation, Management and Biological Research—2nd Edition
Guest Editor: Prof. Dr. Ana Carolina Srbek-Araujo
Submission deadline: 28 February 2027

New Insights in Plants D­­­iversity and Conservation

New Trends and Innovations in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, and Specialty Crops, 2nd Edition

25 February 2026
MDPI Webinar | World Wildlife Day, 3 March 2026


United Nations World Wildlife Day
is celebrated annually on 3 March to honor wild animals and plants and to recognize the unique roles and contributions of wildlife to people and the planet.

With this year's official theme, “Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Conserving Health, Heritage and Livelihoods”, we turn our focus to medicinal and aromatic plants—species that have supported human health for centuries. The webinar aims to bring together researchers and experts to discuss conservation strategies, scientific advances, and sustainable use of these vital natural resources.

Date: 3 March 2026
Time: 10:00 a.m. CET
Webinar ID: 865 7380 4259
Webinar Secretariat: journal.webinar@mdpi.com

Register now for free!

Speaker/Presentation Time in CET Time in CST Asia
Host
Webinar Introduction
10:00–10:05 a.m. 5:00–5:05 p.m.
Prof. Dr. Vanessa Steenkamp
Medicinal Plants As Pillars of Health: Bridging Traditional Knowledge and Scientific Knowledge
10:05–10:25 a.m. 5:05–5:25 p.m.
Dr. Alessandra Carrubba
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Mediterranean Semi-Arid Areas: Biodiversity between Tradition and Innovation
10:25–10:45 a.m. 5:25–5:45 p.m.
Q&A Session 10:45–10:55 a.m. 5:45–5:55 p.m.
Host
Closing of Webinar
10:55–11:00 a.m. 5:55–6:00 p.m.

After registering, you will receive a confirmation email outlining how to join this webinar. Registrations with academic institutional email addresses will be prioritized.

Unable to attend? Register anyway, and we will let you know when the recording is available to watch.

Keynote Speakers:

  • Prof. Dr. Vanessa Steenkamp, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pretoria, South Africa;
  • Dr. Alessandra Carrubba, University of Palermo, Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Italy.

20 February 2026
MDPI Virtual Academic Publishing Workshop (New Harvest), 25 February 2026


This Academic Publishing Workshop will be led by MDPI Regional Journal Relations Specialist, Dr. Sally Wu, on “Author Training”. Participants will receive practical advice on essential aspects of writing academic articles. Participants will leave with a clearer understanding of the academic publishing landscape and how to successfully contribute to it.

Date: 25 February 2026
Time: 11:30 a.m.–1:30 p.m. EST

Schedule:

Speaker

Program

Time in EST

Dr. Sally Wu

Introduction

11:30–11:40 a.m.

Dr. Sally Wu

Tips for Writing Great Research Papers

  • Structuring a research paper
  • Tips for every section of a research paper
  • Q&A Session

11:40 a.m.–12:15 p.m.

Dr. Sally Wu

How to Respond to Peer Reviewers

  • Peer Review Reports
  • Examples of Response to Reviewers
  • Q&A Session

12:15–12:50 p.m.

Dr. Sally Wu

AI in Publishing: Challenges and Opportunities

  • AI in scientific publishing
  • How to use AI ethically
  • Q&A Session

12:50–13:30 p.m.

Speakers:

Dr. Sally Wu received a PhD in medical science from the University of Toronto in the fall of 2025. She joined MDPI in February 2025 as an Assistant Editor for Cells. She was recently promoted to Regional Journal Relations Specialist position in August. In this role, she works with many journals, liaising with authors, board members, and EiCs. She has attended several conferences across North America, hosted scholar visits, and taken part in other outreach events.

18 February 2026
MDPI’s Open Access Program Reaches 1,000 Institutions Worldwide

MDPI has surpassed the milestone of 1,000 partners within the Institutional Open Access Program (IOAP). The agreements span 59 countries, covering North and South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Oceania.

Last year alone, more than 150 new libraries and academic institutions joined MDPI’s IOAP. With the expansion of an existing consortium deal in Sweden we welcomed a further 75 partners to the program in January 2026, enabling us to surpass the 1,000-partners milestone.

The IOAP supports affiliated researchers by streamlining submission processes, reducing administrative burdens, and offering discounted Article Processing Charges (APCs). Through IOAP membership, more than 61,300 research articles received APC discounts in 2025, driving greater visibility and accessibility for partner institutions and global research communities alike.

"This milestone marks a significant step towards expanding MDPI’s global impact," said Stefan Tochev, MDPI's CEO. "Reaching 1,000 IOAP partnerships is a true testament to the growing trust and collaboration we’ve built with universities, libraries, and research organizations worldwide. We are proud to lead the way in Open Access publishing, ensuring researchers have the support they need to reach global audiences." "The success of our program is reflected in the growing global demand for Open Science and quality publishing services," said Becky Castellon, MDPI institutional partnerships manager. "Equally, institutions are increasingly seeking Open Access publishing options that support funder and national mandates. Joining the IOAP makes compliance simple."

5 February 2026
Welcoming New Editorial Board Members of Horticulturae


We are pleased to announce that 23 new scholars have been appointed as Editorial Board Members (EBMs) of Horticulturae (ISSN: 2311-7524), joining in 2025. We wish our new members success in both their research and their efforts to develop the journal.

 New EBMs Affiliation
Dr. Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Carillanca, km 10 Camino Cajón-Vilcún s/n, Temuco P.O. Box 929, Chile
Prof. Dr. María Victoria González Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Prof. Dr. Maorun Fu College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
Dr. Francesco Lops Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Prof. Dr. Minjie Qian Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Tropical Horticultural Crops, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
Dr. Songling Bai College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Dr. Bin Dong College of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Dr. Rita Annunziata Accogli Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Università del Salento, Centro Ecotekne, Via Provinciale Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Dr. Antonino Pisciotta Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 11, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Prof. Dr. Gilda Carrasco Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
Dr. Shi Liang Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Dr. Weikuan Jia School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
Dr. Dasha Mihaylova Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Dr. Stefano Marino Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
Dr. María Cecilia Rousseaux Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja (CRILAR-Provincia de La Rioja-UNLaR- SEGEMAR-UNCa-CONICET), Entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, Anillaco 5301, La Rioja, Argentina
Prof. Dr. Congyan Wang 1. Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, No. 301, Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2. School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301, Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Prof. Dr. Hao Liu Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China
Dr. Natasha Damiana Spadafora Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Dr. Xiaoyang Zhu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Prof. Dr. Hao Li College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
Prof. Dr. Ertan Yildirim Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25030 Yakutiye, Turkey
Prof. Dr. Metin Turan Department of Agricultural Trade and Management, Faculty of Economy and Administrative Sciences, Yeditepe University, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
Prof. Dr. Jianli Yang College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China

Further details about the Editorial Board of Horticulturae can be found by clicking the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/horticulturae/editors.

Horticulturae Editorial Office

5 February 2026
Recruiting Editorial Board Members for Horticulturae

In order to establish the international influence of and encourage the publication of high-quality papers in the journal Horticulturae (ISSN: 2311-7524), we are currently recruiting prestigious scholars in the field of one or more areas of horticultural crop biology, precision horticulture and smart agriculture, postharvest biology and processing, and organic and sustainable production, as well as ornamental horticulture and urban agriculture.

The benefits of becoming an Editorial Board Member include the following:

  • Contributing to open science and exchanges;
  • Increasing your knowledge of your research field by exposure to research and the research of your peers;
  • Expanding your research networks by collaborating with other Editorial Board Members of Horticulturae;
  • Advancing your career by being active in your research field through your contriution to the journal;
  • Receiving a full waiver on one publication per year once accepted in Horticulturae.

The main responsibilities of Editorial Board Members are as follows:

  • Pre-screening and making decisions on new submissions related to their research interests;
  • Providing input or feedback regarding journal policies;
  • Promoting the journal among their peers or at conferences;
  • Attending Board meetings to suggest journal development strategies;
  • Reviewing manuscripts.

If you are interested in joining us, please provide your academic CV or your official website and a list of keywords for your research topics to horticulturae@mdpi.com. We thank you in advance for your interest and look forward to collaborating with you. 

Horticulturae Editorial Office

2 February 2026
MDPI’s Journal Cluster of Agricultural Science


The transition to sedentary, agriculture-based societies was the main catalyst in human history that facilitated the establishment of stable communities and the emergence of complex civilizations. Today, as we face the systemic pressures of climate change, resource depletion, and a burgeoning global population, agriculture remains the fundamental driver of human survival and societal stability. Addressing these new challenges requires a transition toward resilient production systems, driven by the synergy between soil health, crop innovation, and the use of new technologies required to navigate a shifting environmental landscape.

The agricultural science cluster serves as a strategic hub for researchers dedicated to these advancements. By consolidating these interconnected disciplines, we provide authors with a streamlined editorial pathway that enhances the discoverability and cross-disciplinary impact of their work. This initiative assists the scientific community in navigating the extensive agricultural literature, ensuring that specialized research is positioned alongside relevant studies to maximize visibility and facilitate the translation of theory into field-level solutions.

Our Specialized Journals:

The cluster brings together a diverse range of high-impact journals, each led by distinguished experts in their respective fields:

  • Agriculture (ISSN: 2077-0472): A broad-scope journal covering all aspects of agricultural science, from sustainable farming to agricultural economics. Agriculture is led by Prof. Dr. Les Copeland (Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia);
  • Agronomy (ISSN: 2073-4395): Focused specifically on field-crop production, agroecology, and management. Agronomy is led by Prof. Dr. Leslie A. Weston (Gulbali Centre for Agriculture, Water and Environment Research, Charles Sturt University, Australia);
  • Horticulturae (ISSN: 2311-7524): Focused on the science of high-value crops, including fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. Horticulturae is led by Prof. Dr. Luigi De Bellis (Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Salento University, Italy);
  • Soil Systems (ISSN: 2571-8789): Explores the biological, (bio)chemical, and physical processes within soils and sediments. Soil Systems is led by Prof. Dr. Heike Knicker (Group of Interactions Between Soils, Plants and Microorganisms, Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de la Grasa (IG-CSIC), Spain);
  • AgriEngineering (ISSN: 2624-7402): An open-source venue for the engineering science behind agricultural production. AgriEngineering is led by Prof. Dr. Francesco Marinello (Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy);
  • Crops (ISSN: 2673-7655): Highlights research on the production, improvement, and utilization of food, feed, forage, horticultural, and industrial crops. Crops is led by Prof. Dr. Yinglong Chen (School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Australia);
  • Seeds (ISSN: 2674-1024): Dedicated to the biology and technology of seeds, from molecular physiology to priming and production. Seeds is led by Dr. José Antonio Hernández Cortés (Group of Fruit Biotechnology, Department of Fruit Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, Spain);
  • Grasses (ISSN: 2813-3463): Covers fundamental and applied research in grass biology and sustainable cropping systems. Grasses is led by Prof. Dr. Fabio Gresta (Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Italy);
  • Agrochemicals (ISSN: 2813-3145): A holistic "farm to fork" look at the chemicals used in the agro-food chain. Agrochemicals is led by Prof. Dr. Christos G. Athanassiou (Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Crop Production and Rural Environment, Department of Agriculture, University of Thessaly, Greece);
  • AI and Precision Agriculture: At the intersection of technology and agronomy, focusing on AI-driven solutions for modern farming.

Journals

Launch year

Impact Factor (2025)

CiteScore (2025)

First Decision (Median Days)

Acceptance to Publication (Median Days)

APC

2011

4.5

7.8

17.4

2.4

CHF 2600

2011

4.1

7.6

17.7

2.6

CHF 2600

2015

3.4

6.1

17.4

2.4

CHF 2400

2017

4.1

6.9

32.7

4.8

CHF 1800

2019

3.1

4.7

25.8

5.7

CHF 1800

2021

2.1

2.9

20.7

3.9

CHF 1200

2022

3

4

20.6

3.8

CHF 1200

2022

/

2

27.9

5.7

CHF 1200

2022

/

11.5

21.9

6.7

CHF 1000

/

/

/

18

7

CHF 1000

MDPI Mission and Values:

As a pioneer of academic open access publishing, MDPI has served the scientific community since 1996. We aim to foster scientific exchange in all forms across all disciplines. MDPI’s guidelines for disseminating open science are based on the following values and guiding principles:

  • Open Access—All of our content is published in open access and distributed under a Creative Commons License, providing free access to science and the latest research, allowing articles to be freely shared and content to be re-used with proper attribution;
  • Timeliness and Efficiency—Publishing the latest research through thorough editorial work, ensuring a first decision is provided to authors in under 32 days and papers are published within 7-10 days upon acceptance;
  • Simplicity—Offering user-friendly tools and services in one place to enhance the efficiency of our editorial process;
  • High-Quality Service—Support scholars and their work by providing a range of options, such as journal publication at mdpi.com, early publication at preprints.org, and conferences on sciforum.net to positively impact research;
  • Flexibility—Adapting and developing new tools and services to meet the research community's changing needs, driven by feedback from authors, editors, and readers;
  • Rooted in Sustainability—Ensuring long-term preservation of published papers and supporting the future of science through partnerships, sponsorships, and awards.

By adhering to these values and principles, MDPI remains committed to advancing scientific knowledge and promoting open science practices.

Selected Topics:

Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, 2nd Edition
Topic Editors: Prof. Dr. Gianni Barcaccia, Dr. Alessandro Vannozzi, Dr. Fabio Palumbo, Dr. Silvia Farinati and Dr. Francesco Scariolo
Manuscript submission deadline: 30 June 2026

Soil Health and Nutrient Management for Crop Productivity
Topic Editors: Dr. Na Li and Prof. Dr. Dorcas H. Franklin
Manuscript submission deadline: 30 September 2026

Reframing Strategies for a Low Carbon Future in Agricultural Systems
Topic Editors: Dr. M. Ibrahim Khalil and Prof. Dr. Bruce Osborne
Manuscript submission deadline: 8 October 2026

Selected Articles:

Agriculture
“Sustainable Practices for Enhancing Soil Health and Crop Quality in Modern Agriculture: A Review”
by Denis-Constantin Țopa, Sorin Căpșună, Anca-Elena Calistru and Costică Ailincăi
Agriculture 2025, 15(9), 998; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15090998
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/9/998

Agronomy
“Novel Breeding Techniques and Strategies for Enhancing Greenhouse Vegetable Product Quality”
by Julia Weiss and Nazim S. Gruda
Agronomy 2025, 15(1), 207; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15010207
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/207

Horticulturae
“Exploring the Grape Agrivoltaic System: Climate Modulation and Vine Benefits in the Puglia Region, Southeastern Italy”
by Andrea Magarelli, Andrea Mazzeo and Giuseppe Ferrara
Horticulturae 2025, 11(2), 160; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11020160
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/2/160

Soil Systems
“Predicting Soil Salinity Based on Soil/Water Extracts in a Semi-Arid Region of Morocco”
by Jamal-Eddine Ouzemou, Ahmed Laamrani, Ali El Battay and Joann K. Whalen
Soil Syst. 2025, 9(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems9010003
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8789/9/1/3

AgriEngineering
“AI-Driven Cooperative Control for Autonomous Tractors and Implements: A Comprehensive Review”
by Hongjie Jia, Weipeng Chen, Zhihao Su, Yaozu Sun, Zhengpeng Qian and Longxia Huang
AgriEngineering 2025, 7(11), 394; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering7110394
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2624-7402/7/11/394

Crops
“Advanced High-Throughput Phenotyping Techniques for Managing Abiotic Stress in Agricultural Crops—A Comprehensive Review”
by Srushtideep Angidi, Kartik Madankar, Muhammad Massub Tehseen and Anshika Bhatla
Crops 2025, 5(2), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/crops5020008
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7655/5/2/8

Seeds
“The Effects of Storage Conditions on Seed Deterioration and Ageing: How to Improve Seed Longevity”
by Françoise Corbineau
Seeds 2024, 3(1), 56-75; https://doi.org/10.3390/seeds3010005
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1024/3/1/5

Grasses
“Sustainable Warm-Climate Forage Legumes: Versatile Products and Services”
by James P. Muir, José C. Batista Dubeux Junior, Mércia V. Ferreira dos Santos, Jamie L. Foster, Rinaldo L. Caraciolo Ferreira, Mário de Andrade Lira, Jr., Barbara Bellows, Edward Osei, Bir B. Singh and Jeff A. Brady
Grasses 2025, 4(2), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/grasses4020016
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2813-3463/4/2/16

Agrochemicals
“EU Chemical Plant Protection Products in 2023: Current State and Perspectives”
by Patrice A. Marchand
Agrochemicals 2023, 2(1), 106-117; https://doi.org/10.3390/agrochemicals2010008
Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2813-3145/2/1/8

2 February 2026
MDPI INSIGHTS: The CEO's Letter #31 - MDPI 30 Years, 500 Journals, UK Summit, Z-Forum Conference, APE

Welcome to the MDPI Insights: The CEO's Letter.

In these monthly letters, I will showcase two key aspects of our work at MDPI: our commitment to empowering researchers and our determination to facilitating open scientific exchange.


Opening Thoughts

MDPI at 30: Three Decades of Open Science, Built Together

As we begin 2026, we approach a meaningful milestone in MDPI’s history: 30 years of advancing Open Science.

What began in 1996 as a small, researcher-driven initiative has grown into a global open-access publisher, supporting hundreds of journals, millions of researchers, and a shared belief that scientific knowledge should be openly available to all. Over these three decades, Open Access has moved from the margins to the mainstream, and MDPI has been proud to help shape that transformation.

To mark this anniversary year, we are pleased to share our MDPI 30th Anniversary logo.

The Anniversary logo is intentionally simple, confident, and enduring, designed to work across cultures, disciplines, and digital environments. It reflects both continuity and progress, honouring MDPI’s established identity while representing the company we are today. The green accent symbolizes our connection to the research communities we serve and the collaborative nature of Open Science itself.

Alongside the visual identity, we are also introducing our 30th Anniversary tagline:

30 Years of Open Science, Built Together.

This phrase captures what has always defined MDPI. Open Science is not the work of a single organization: it is a collective effort shaped by researchers, editors, reviewers, institutions, and the many teams who support the publishing process every day. MDPI’s role has been to provide the infrastructure and commitment that allow this collaboration to thrive.

Throughout 2026, we will mark this anniversary through regional events, global conversations, and editorial initiatives that reflect on MDPI’s evolution, its impact across disciplines, and the communities that make this work possible.

“Open Science is a collective effort”

Whether you have been part of MDPI’s journey for decades or are engaging with us for the first time this year, this milestone belongs to all of us. The past 30 years have shown what is possible when openness, trust, and collaboration are placed at the centre of scholarly communication.

As we look ahead, our focus remains clear: continuing to strengthen quality, integrity, and partnership – so that Open Science can keep moving forward, together.


Impactful Research

A Shared Milestone: MDPI’s Journal Portfolio Reaches 500 Titles

MDPI has reached an important milestone: our journal portfolio grew to more than 500 academic journals last year, spanning the fields of chemistry, engineering, biology, medicine, environmental sciences, the social sciences, and beyond.

The number itself is significant, but what matters more is what supports it: hundreds of scholarly communities that have chosen to collaborate, grow, and publish with MDPI.

From our beginnings nearly 30 years ago with a single Open Access journal (Molecules), MDPI has been guided by a simple aim: advancing Open Science. Reaching 500 journals is not an endpoint. It reflects the diversity of disciplines, ideas, and research cultures that now form part of our shared ecosystem. 

Growth with Purpose

Every journal exists because a specific community believes there is a need for focus, visibility, and dialogue in a particular field. As our portfolio has expanded, so has our responsibility to ensure that scale is matched with strong editorial standards, robust research integrity practices, and meaningful academic leadership.

This milestone comes as we enter MDPI’s 30th anniversary year, a fitting moment to reflect on what scale in scholarly publishing truly requires: not only reach, but also dedicated long-term stewardship.

New Journals, New Communities

In December 2025 alone, MDPI welcomed eight newly launched journals and three journal transfers (details below), all of which published their inaugural issues by year-end.

Each of these journals is shaped by its Editors-in-Chief, Associate Editors, and Editorial Board Members, who define its scope, standards, and direction. We are grateful for the time, expertise, and commitment they bring to building these new communities.

Welcoming Transferred and Acquired Journals

We were pleased to publish the first MDPI issues of three recently transferred or acquired journals:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine – advancing research on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular disease
  • Germs – addressing infectious diseases through clinical, public health, and translational perspectives
  • Romanian Journal of Preventive Medicine (RJPM) – supporting population health, early detection, and preventive care in collaboration with the Romanian Society of Preventive Medicine

Each of these journals brings an established identity and legacy. Our role is to support their continued development with the same editorial rigor, transparency, and Open Access principles that guide our broader portfolio.

A Collective Achievement

Reaching more than 500 journals is not the achievement of any single team or individual. It is the result of collaboration across the entire scholarly ecosystem. As such, I would like to thank our authors, reviewers, academic editors, and Editorial Board Members, as well as our colleagues across MDPI, who support these communities every day.

As we look ahead, we will continue to expand the breadth and depth of our publishing activities while remaining attentive to the evolving expectations of Open Science, research integrity, and responsible growth.

This milestone is a reminder that Open Access publishing is not only about making research available. It is about building platforms where knowledge can be shared, challenged, improved, and trusted, at scale, and with care.

Inside Research

MDPI UK Summit 2026 in Manchester (21–22 January)

On 21–22 January, we had the pleasure of hosting the MDPI UK Summit 2026 in Manchester. Over two days, we welcomed more than 20 Editors-in-Chief (EiC), Section Editors-in-Chief (SEiC), and Associate Editors for an open, in-depth conversations about how MDPI supports Open Science, editorial independence, and research standards across our journals. 

What stood out most was not just the quality of the discussions, but the openness, curiosity, and mutual respect that shaped every session.

What We Covered 

The programme was designed to give insight into how MDPI works behind the scenes and how different teams collaborate to support our journals and editors. Topics included:

  • MDPI overview and the evolving Open Access market
  • MDPI–UK collaboration and local engagement
  • Editorial and peer-review processes
  • Research integrity and publication ethics
  • Institutional partnerships
  • Indexing, journal development, and academic community engagement

Sessions were led by MDPI colleagues across editorial, research integrity, indexing, partnerships, and UK operations, showing how cross-functional our work truly is. 

What We Heard

The feedback from editors was both encouraging and grounding:

  • 92% rated the Summit Excellent (8% Good)
  • 100% said their understanding of MDPI’s values, editorial processes, and local collaborations had significantly improved
  • 69% attended primarily to stay informed about academic publishing and research integrity
  • 85% felt fully heard and engaged

A few comments that stayed with me:

  • “Today’s event truly gave me the opportunity to see the heart of MDPI UK.”
  • “The summit was very informative – I really enjoyed seeing the behind-the-scenes operations.”
  • “Keep being open to discussions and making editors feel part of the MDPI family.”

These reflections remind us that transparency, listening, and dialogue are not nice-to-haves: they are foundational to trust.

Looking Ahead

The UK Summit is one of more than 10 MDPI Summits we are organizing this year across North America, Europe, and APAC. Each one is an investment in relationships, shared understanding, and improvement.

Thank you to the MDPI UK team and supporting colleagues across departments who made this event possible. This was a positive step in strengthening our editorial engagement and kicking off a year of MDPI Summits.

Coming Together for Science

Recapping the Z-Forum 2026 Conference on Sustainability and Innovation (15–16 January 2026)

In January, MDPI supported and participated in the Z-Forum on Sustainability and Innovation, held across Zurich (ETH Zurich) and the city of Baden. With 96 participants and more than 30 speakers and panellists, the forum brought together leaders from government, academia, industry, and innovation ecosystems to explore how sustainability, Open Science, and innovation intersect in practice.

Why this mattered for MDPI

As a Swiss-based publisher with global reach, our investment in Z-Forum reflects a strategic intent: to anchor MDPI more deeply within Swiss research networks while contributing to national and international conversations on sustainability and innovation.

This was not only about visibility; it was also about relationship-building and long-term engagement with institutions shaping research policy and practice in Switzerland.

High-level participation and credibility

The forum was supported and sponsored by several key Swiss institutions, including:

  • The Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) – Switzerland’s central research funding body
  • ETH Zurich
  • The University of Zurich
  • The University of Basel
  • Swiss Innovation Park Central

The sponsorship of SNSF lent the forum strong institutional credibility and signalled the relevance of the themes discussed, especially around sustainability, innovation frameworks, and responsible research practices.

Beyond the Room: Extending the Conversation

While attendance was intentionally focused to encourage dialogue, the forum’s reach extended well beyond the venue. Multiple LinkedIn posts before and during  the event (e.g., Link 1, Link 2, Link 3, and more) built on the discussions and helped position MDPI as an active and credible contributor within Switzerland’s research and innovation landscape.

A Broader Strategic Signal

Z-Forum is part of a wider effort to:

  • Build on MDPI’s Swiss institutional relationships
  • Reinforce our leadership in Open Science and sustainability
  • Engage proactively with funders, universities, and innovation bodies
  • Ensure MDPI remains a visible and constructive partner in the ecosystems where research policy and practice are shaped

Thank you to our Conference team and everyone involved in supporting this event, both behind the scenes and on the ground. These moments of engagement may be small in scale, but they are foundational in impact.

Closing Thoughts

Reflections from the Academic Publishing in Europe Conference

During 13-14 January, I attended the Academic Publishing in Europe (APE) Conference in Berlin, a long-standing forum for discussing scholarly publishing and the deeper principles that support it.

MDPI was proud to be a Gold Sponsor of the 20th Anniversary of the APE conference, reflecting our continued commitment to supporting the scholarly community to engage in critical industry discussions.

This year’s program covered a range of topics, from AI and research integrity to policy, infrastructure, and trust, but one theme stood out clearly for me: academic freedom, and what it means to protect the conditions under which knowledge can be produced, evaluated, and shared responsibly.

Before turning to that, I would like to highlight the opening keynote by Carolin Sutton (CEO, STM), which helped set the tone for the conference.

An Independent Publishing Industry: The Case for Checks and Balances

In her opening remarks, Carolin focused on the importance of continually evolving systems of checks and balances, both operationally and at the marketplace level, to prevent any single actor from dominating knowledge production. Her framing emphasized shared responsibility across publishers, institutions, and research communities, rather than placing the burden on any one group.

As part of this, she revisited the work of sociologist Robert K. Merton, and his CUDOS norms of scientific ethos, first articulated in his 1942 work, The Normative Structure of Science.

Merton outlined four ideals that support healthy scientific systems:

  1. Communalism – knowledge as a public good
  2. Universalism – evaluation based on merit, not status or identity
  3. Disinterestedness – orientation toward truth over personal or financial gain
  4. Organized Skepticism – systematic, critical scrutiny of claims

While these are ideals, and not guarantees that are perfectly lived up to, they remain powerful reference points today for research systems and organizations as they aim to grow and scale.

It was interesting to see how closely these norms align with foundational principles of Open Access. For example, making research openly available supports communalism. Transparent peer review and editorial processes reinforce universalism and organized skepticism. Strong ethics frameworks and governance help counter conflicts of interest and support disinterestedness.

“Merton’s ideals remain powerful reference points today”

 Safeguarding Research: Academic Freedom

Several of the conference sessions touched on the pressures faced by researchers, editors, and institutions: geopolitical tensions, online harassment, misinformation, reputational risk, shrinking resources, and politicized narratives around science.

“Integrity is not static. It must be actively maintained as systems grow.”

A particularly timely presentation came from Ilyas Saliba, who talked about academic freedom. His remarks resonated strongly and underlined the fact that safety in academia is not only physical or digital, but also intellectual.

Academic freedom means safeguarding the ability to ask difficult questions, challenge consensus, publish negative or unexpected results, and participate in scholarly debate without fear of undue personal, political, or commercial consequences. These discussions were a reminder that publishers play an important role in supporting the integrity, accessibility, and credibility of scholarly knowledge, particularly as researchers and institutions face mounting external pressures.

Looking Ahead

The discussions at APE reminded me that integrity is not static. It must be actively maintained as systems grow, expectations evolve, and pressures increase. This applies equally to research integrity, academic freedom, and the broader trust placed in scholarly communication.

I left APE encouraged by the openness of the dialogue and the willingness across publishers, institutions, and communities to engage with difficult questions rather than avoid them. Forums like this play a pivotal role in helping our industry pause, reflect, and recalibrate.

As MDPI continues to grow and as we enter our 30th anniversary, these conversations remind me of the core purpose of science: advancing knowledge for the benefit of society.

Stefan Tochev
Chief Executive Officer
MDPI AG

Back to TopTop