Crystals, Volume 9, Issue 3

Gallium nitride (GaN) materials with a high chemical stability and biocompatibility are well suited for bio-sensing applications and evanescent wave spectroscopy. However, GaN poses challenges for processing, especially for deep etching using convent...

Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by Th17 cells. Antibody BCD-085 (netakimab) against human IL-17A is one of the new inhibitors of this cytokine. In netakimab, the V_H domain is replaced by the V_HH domain of Lama glama po...

In this work, we report a study of two thermotropic liquid crystalline samples showing a not common mesophase behavior. The samples, namely a di-benzyloxy biphenyl derivative labelled 9/2 RS/RS, and a bimesogenic liquid crystal labelled L1, show a di...

Piezoelectric ceramics is a functional material that can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and vice versa. It can find wide applications ranging from our daily life to high-end techniques and dominates a billion-dollar market. For half...

In drug development, it is extremely important to evaluate the solubility and stability of solid states and to immediately determine the potential for development. Salt screening is a standard and useful method for obtaining drug candidates with good...

For more than 4000 years, mankind has used and developed ceramics [...]

A three-dimensional model of a circular casting mold with a vibrating nucleus generator was established, and the characteristics of temperature and flow fields during the solidification process of ferritic stainless steel Cr17 in the casting mold wer...

Perfluorophenyl-substituted compounds, 3-hydroxy-1,3-bis(pentafluorophenyl)-2- propen-1-one (H1) and 1,5-dihydroxy-1,5-bis(pentafluorophenyl)-1,4-pentadien-3-one (H₂2), were prepared in 56 and 30% yields, respectively, and only the enol forms were pr...

Dilute mixtures of nanoparticles (NPs) and nematic liquid crystals (LCs) are considered. We focus on cases where NPs enforce a relatively weak disorder to the LC host. We use a Lebwohl-Lasher semi-microscopic-type modeling where we assume that NPs ef...

Ferritic alloys are important for nuclear reactor applications due to their microstructural stability, corrosion resistance, and favorable mechanical properties. Nanostructured ferritic alloys having a high density of Y-Ti-O rich nano-oxides (NOs <...

For the first time, a diode-pumped actively Q-switched Nd:YVO₄/RbTiOPO₄ (RTP) intracavity Raman laser at 1.49 µm was demonstrated to the best of our knowledge. Experimentally, a dual-end diffusion-bonded YVO₄–Nd:YVO₄–YVO₄ crystal wa...

For requiring high communication rate and high-quality illumination, multi-color light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been utilized in visible light communication (VLC) systems and attracted substantial research interests. It should be noted that multip...

GaAs p-i-n solar cells are studied using electroreflectance (ER) spectroscopy, light beam induced current (LBIC) mapping and photovoltaic characterization. Using ER measurements, the electric field across the pn junction of a wafer can be evaluated,...

Crystalline materials play an important role in modern physics and electronics [...]

Quantum mechanics, through the Hellmann–Feynman theorem and the Schrödinger equation, show that noncovalent interactions are classically Coulombic in nature, which includes polarization as well as electrostatics. In the great majority of t...

Three 2D new coordination polymers Co₂(L₁)₂(1,10-Phenanthroline)₂(DMF)_0.5(H₂O) (1), (H₂L₁ = Pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid) Co(L₁)(2,2-bipyridine) (2), and Co(L₂)(2,2-bipyridine) (DMF) (3) (H₂L₂ = Pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid) were synthesized thro...

Comparative investigation of characteristics of spontaneous and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in different alkali-earth tungstate and molybdate crystals at both high and low frequency anionic group vibrations is presented. It has been found that,...

This paper discloses six polymorphs of famoxadone obtained from polymorph screening, which were characterized by XRPD, DSC, and SEM. A study of solvent-mediated polymorphic transformation (SMPT) of famoxadone from the metastable Form II to the stable...

In this review, we compare the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of liquid-crystalline dispersion (LCD) particles formed in PEG-containing aqueous-salt solutions with the purpose of determining the packing of ds DNA molecules in these particles. Depend...

A relatively new approach to the design of photocatalytic and gas sensing materials is to use the shape-controlled nanocrystals with well-defined facets exposed to light or gas molecules. An abrupt increase in a number of papers on the synthesis and...

Nematic phases are some of the most common phases among the lyotropic liquid crystalline structures. They have been widely investigated during last decades. In early studies, two uniaxial nematic phases (discotic, N_D, and calamitic, N_C) were identifi...

A general procedure of crystal packing reconstruction using a certain number of intermolecular interactions is introduced and demonstrated on the crystal structure of l-histidine·HCl·H₂O. Geometric restrictions based on intermolecular i...

Adding crowding agents such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) to lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs) formed by water dispersions of materials such as disodium cromoglicate (DSCG) leads to a phase separation of the isotropic phase and the ordered p...

The formation of a polymer protection layer around fragile mineral architectures ensures that structures stay intact even after treatments that would normally destroy them going along with a total loss of textural information. Here we present a strat...

Currently, it is challenging to develop new catalysts for semiconductor nanowires (NWs) growth in a complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible manner via a vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism. In this study, chemically synthesized Cu₂O...

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) has recently been under intense investigations as a new way to increase the capacity of fiber communication. In this paper, a two-layer Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) for an OAM mul...

High-performance perovskite solar cells are strongly dependent on the quality of the perovskite layer. Two-step sequential deposition of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (MAPbI₃) films is widely used to fabricate perovskite solar cells and many factors influence the quali...

Martensite, initially named in honor of Adolph Martens and his pioneering work in metallography and microstructures at the end of the 19th century, has now a far broader meaning than previously used [...]

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) containing Eu³⁺ activators were synthesized by coprecipitation of Zn²⁺, Al³⁺, and Eu³⁺ in alkaline NO₃⁻-rich aqueous solution. Upon calcination, these materials transform into a crystalline ZnO solid solution co...

Evaluation and correlation of global quantities, i.e., normal and tangential hardness, at scratch testing in the context of a representative stress description was investigated. In particular, verification based on experimental results is at issue. I...

New technologies and materials with superior characteristics impel great development of functional devices in the terahertz field. The dynamically tunable plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) based on radiative–radiative-coupling in terahertz hybrid me...

The management of irradiation defects is one of key challenges for structural materials in current and future reactor systems. To develop radiation tolerant alloys for service in extreme irradiation environments, the Fe self-ion radiation response of...

This work is dedicated to the preparation and characterization of the radio-, thermo-, and photoluminescent properties of Lu₂O₃:Eu and Lu₂O₃:Tb nanopowder (NPs) scintillators, prepared by means of hydrothermal processing, and their film analogues mad...

In the present work, we investigate the evolution of mosaicity during seeded Bridgman processing of technical Ni-based single crystal superalloys (SXs). For this purpose, we combine solidification experiments performed at different withdrawal rates b...

Few-layer graphene nanosheets were produced by pulsed discharge in graphite micro-flake suspension at room temperature. In this study, the discharging current and voltage data were recorded for the analysis of the pulsed discharge processes. The as-p...

α,ω-diperfluorohexylquaterthiophene (DFH-4T) has been an attractive n-type material employed in the development of high-mobility organic field-effect transistors. This paper presents a systematic study of the relationship between DFH-4T t...

The effect of cold rolling on the recrystallization behavior of Al-free and Al-added 15Cr-oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steels was investigated. The recrystallization of both steels are enhanced by cold rolling. The Al-free ODS steel w...

The time-dependence of electrochemical reduction current, which was observed during the one-dimensional (1-D) crystal growth of ferromagnetic cobalt nanowire arrays, was analyzed by Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) theory. Text...

Many nanoparticle-based chiral liquid crystals are composed of polydisperse rod-shaped particles with considerable spread in size or shape, affecting the mesoscale chiral properties in, as yet, unknown ways. Using an algebraic interpretation of Onsag...

How many strong C−I⋯N halogen bonds can one 1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene molecule form in a crystal structure? To answer this question, we investigated in detail the noncovalent interactions between 1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene...

Traditional backlights are designed with new dot patterns, and then injection molding, laser beam fabrication, or UV (Ultraviolet) roll-to-plate imprinting is used to apply dot patterns to a light guide plate—the process consumes considerable t...

As the most promising materials for phase-change data storage, the pseudobinary mGeTe•nSb₂Te₃ (GST) chalcogenides have been widely investigated. Nevertheless, an in-depth understanding of the thermal-transport property of GST is still lacking, w...

Time-reversal symmetry (TRS) of electrons is associated with an anti-unitary operator with $T^2=-1$ , which induces Kramers degeneracy and plays an important role in realizing the quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE). By contrast, TRS of p...

Single crystal fibers of 30% Er³⁺-doped compound of Y₃(Sc_xGa_1−x)₅O₁₂ have been grown by using the micro-pulling down (μ-PD) technique successfully. Our main purpose is to tune the fluorescence properties by adjusting the ratios of Sc³⁺ and G...

Dengue fever is the most serious vector-borne disease in Asia. There are still no dengue vaccines or therapeutic drugs, and vector-mosquito control is the main prevention and treatment method. The prevention and control of dengue-fever vector mosquit...

Copper from a solid source was diffused into undoped n-type bulk ZnO (001) single crystals at 1000 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere at different diffusion times. The Cu diffusion profiles were obtained by Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), and...

Molecular magnetism is an interdisciplinary research area, which deals with design, synthesis and physical characterization as well as the theoretical modeling of molecular materials showing acquired properties [...]

Four new series of laterally methyl-substituted hydrogen-bonded supramolecular complexes were prepared. The prepared complexes were thermally investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and phases identified by polarized light microscopy...

Due to their high performance, photoelectrochemical ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors have attracted much attention, but the recombination of photogenerated electrons at the interface of photoanode/electrolyte limited further improvement of photoelectr...

The crystal structure of the iodide salt of a quaternary ammonium derivative of cholic acid having a naphthalene group attached to the 3rd position of the steroid nucleus through an amide bond ([3β,5β,7α,12α]-3-(2-naphthyloylamino)-7,12-dihydroxychol...