Cancers, Volume 15, Issue 10

The use of angiogenesis inhibitors and poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors following multi-agent chemotherapy, including platinum-based agents, has become the standard treatment for platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (PSROC). However, the...

Patients with hematuria are commonly given an invasive cystoscopy test to detect bladder cancer (BC). To avoid the risks associated with cystoscopy, several urine-based methods for BC detection have been developed, the most prominent of which is the...

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy characterized by an abundance of incompletely matured or immature clonally derived hematopoietic precursors called leukemic blasts. Rare leukemia stem cells (LSCs) that can self-renew as well...

Arsenite-resistance protein 2, also known as serrate RNA effector molecule (ARS2/SRRT), is known to be involved in cellular proliferation and tumorigenicity. However, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) has not yet been established. We investigated the...

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in the pediatric and adolescent population, with 350 new cases diagnosed each year. While they can develop anywhere in the body, the genitourinary tract is the second most common primary l...

The adhesion molecule Nectin-4 is a new potential therapeutic target for different types of cancer; however, little is known about its diagnosis significance in endometrial cancer (EC). We found that Nectin-4 expression was significantly higher in EC...

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy in the endocrine system. Although most TC can achieve a desirable prognosis, some refractory thyroid carcinomas, including radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, as well as anaplastic t...

Approximately a century ago, Otto Warburg discovered that cancer cells use a fermentative rather than oxidative metabolism even though the former is more inefficient in terms of energy production per molecule of glucose. Cancer cells increase the use...

The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is often overexpressed in many types of tumors, including colorectal cancer. We sequenced and humanized an EpCAM mouse antibody and used it to develop bispecific EpCAM-CD3 antibodies. Three different desi...

A large multi-institutional case series of laryngeal cancer (LC) T4a was carried out, including 134 cases treated with open partial horizontal laryngectomies (OPHL) +/− post-operative radiation therapy (PORT). The goal was to understand better...

Bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) is an adverse prognostic factor for myelofibrosis (MF). The single-arm, open-label, phase 3b JUMP trial (NCT01493414) assessed the safety and efficacy of the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib in patients with symptomatic MF....

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the therapeutic landscape of cancer and have been widely approved for use in the treatment of diverse solid tumors. Targeted therapy has been an essential part of cancer treatment for decades, a...

Systemic chemotherapy has significantly improved in recent years. In this study. the clinical impact of carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) with concurrent chemotherapy for locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer (URPC) was evaluated. Methods: Pat...

Gliomas are the most common primary brain malignancy and are universally fatal. Despite significant breakthrough in understanding tumor biology, treatment breakthroughs have been limited. There is a growing appreciation that major limitations on effe...

Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has undergone a paradigm shift. Once a disease with limited potential therapies, treatment options for patients have exploded with the availability of molecular testing to direct management and targeted...

Introduction: According to the literature only sparse data are available on the use of high-dose-rate intraoperative brachytherapy (IOHDR-BT) as a boost to external-beam irradiation (EBRT) in combination with a wide resection in patients with high-gr...

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is potentially associated with liver cancer, and advances in various drugs have led to progress in the treatment of hepatitis C and attempts to prevent its transition to liver cancer. Furthermore, reactivation of HCV has b...

Background: Proteinuria is a common adverse event in systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, whether the presence of pretreatment proteinuria affects the clinical course is still unclear. Method: From 2011 to 2022, 321 patients...

Background: Laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy (L-RHH) is still considered a technically complex procedure, which should only be performed by experienced surgeons in specialized centers. Future liver remnant modulation (FLRM) strategies, including po...

Objectives: Positron emission tomography (PET) is currently considered the non-invasive reference standard for lymph node (N-)staging in lung cancer. However, not all patients can undergo this diagnostic procedure due to high costs, limited availabil...

Invasion, immune modulation, and angiogenesis are crucial in melanoma progression. Studies based on animals or two-dimensional cultures poorly recapitulate the tumor-microenvironmental cross-talk found in humans. This highlights a need for more physi...

Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) have emerged as a powerful tool for gene knockdown in various cellular systems, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. However, the elements of shRNAs that are crucial for their efficacy in developing shRNA-con...

Traditional tissue-based assessments of genomic alterations in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) can be challenging. To evaluate the real-world clinical utility of liquid biopsies for the evaluation of genomic alterations in CRPC, we preemp...

Luminal breast cancer (BC) is associated with less immune activation, and the significance of stromal lymphocytic infiltration (sTIL) is more uncertain than in other BC subtypes. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive and prognostic...

Ovarian and endometrial cancers are affected by estrogens and their receptors. It has been long known that in different types of cancers, estrogens activate tumor cell proliferation via estrogen receptor α (ERα). In contrast, the role of ERs discover...

To improve local control, neoadjuvant radiotherapy (nRT) followed by surgery is the standard of care in myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) because of its infiltrative growth pattern. Nevertheless, local recurrence rates are high. Data on prognostic factors for p...

Whether antithrombotic agent (ATA) usage increases the risk of gastric post-endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) bleeding remains controversial. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of usage, type, and cessation timing of ATA on post-...

Cardiolipin (CL) is a mitochondrial lipid with diverse roles in cellular respiration, signaling, and organelle membrane structure. CL content and composition are essential for proper mitochondrial function. Deranged mitochondrial energy production an...

Aim: EBV encodes at least 44 miRNAs involved in immune regulation and disease progression. Exosomes can be used as carriers of EBV-miRNA-BART intercellular transmission and affect the biological behavior of cells. We characterized exosomes and establ...

High-grade glioma has a poor prognosis, and radiation therapy plays a crucial role in its management. Every step of treatment planning should thus be optimised to maximise survival chances and minimise radiation-induced toxicity. Here, we compare str...

Purpose: To retrospectively review the clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBCa) following liver directed ablative intent radiotherapy (RT). Methods: Demographics, disease and treatment characteristics of patients with MBCa w...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed bodies secreted by all cell types. EVs carry bioactive materials, such as proteins, lipids, metabolites, and nucleic acids, to communicate and elicit functional alterations and phenotypic change...

Environmental and occupational exposures have been associated with an increased risk of different types of cancers, although the exact mechanisms of higher carcinogenesis risk are not always well understood. Lung cancer is the leading cause of global...

In the field of medical imaging, deep learning has made considerable strides, particularly in the diagnosis of brain tumors. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has made it possible to combine these deep learning models into advanced medical device...

Globally, renal cancer (RC) is the 10th most common cancer among men and women. The new era of artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics have allowed the development of AI-based computer-aided diagnostic/prediction (AI-based CAD/CAP) systems, which...

P53 plays a key role in protecting the human genome from DNA-related mutations; however, it is one of the most frequently mutated genes in cancer. The P53 family members p63 and p73 were also shown to play important roles in cancer development and pr...

According to the World Health Organization, every year, an estimated 400,000+ new cancer cases affect children under the age of 20 worldwide. Unlike adult cancers, pediatric cancers develop very early in life due to alterations in signaling pathways...

Although HPV status is known to provide an improved prognosis in initial treatments of HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), it is unclear how it affects patients who receive salvage surgery (SS), which has historically poor sur...

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are malignancies that develop within the digestive system and account for one in four cancer cases according to WHO data [...]

Certification as a prostate cancer center requires the offer of several supportive measures to patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). However, it remains unclear how patients estimate the relevance of these measures and whether the availabil...

Tumors located at the skull base constitute a particular challenge for medical teams [...]

Cholesterol accumulation is documented in various malignancies including breast cancer. Consequently, depleting cholesterol in cancer cells can serve as a viable treatment strategy. We identified the potency of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP...

In Germany, socioeconomically deprived citizens more often develop esophageal carcinoma, since typical risk factors follow the social gradient. Therefore, we hypothesized that socioeconomic deprivation might also be associated with advanced tumor sta...

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway plays a crucial role in activating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, thereby contributing to a more favorable response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) i...

This study evaluated the effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on osteoporotic fractures (OF) and its prognostic effect on overall survival in patients with localized or regional prostate cancer (PC) using the Korean National Insurance Dataset...

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) display antigenic heterogeneity between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes. However, most current CTC isolation methods rely on EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule) antibodies. This study introduces a more effic...

Monoclonal antibody treatment initially heralded an era of molecularly targeted therapy in oncology and is now widely applied in modulating anti-cancer immunity by targeting programmed cell receptors (PD-1, PD-L1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated p...

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents, represents an aberrant form of skeletal muscle differentiation. Both skeletal muscle development, as well as regeneration of adult skeletal muscle are governed b...

(1) Background: Whether clinical management of spinal metastatic disease (SMD) matches evidence-based recommendations is largely unknown. (2) Patients and Methods: A questionnaire was distributed through Spanish Medical Societies, exploring routine p...

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly challenging cancer [...]