Tumor differentiation is a therapeutic strategy aimed at reactivating the endogenous differentiation program of cancer cells and inducing cancer cells to mature and differentiate into other types of cells. It has been found that a variety of natural...
Sepsis is a serious disease with high mortality and has been a hot research topic in medical research in recent years. With the continuous reporting of in-depth research on the pathological mechanisms of sepsis, various compounds have been developed...
Pathologic mast cells and basophils, key effector cells in allergic reactions, play pivotal roles in initiating and perpetuating IgE-mediated allergic responses. Conventional therapies for allergies have limitations, prompting exploration into altern...
Studies have found that inflammation is a symptom of various diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA); it is also the source of other diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disea...
Background: Eukaryotic topoisomerase 1 is a potential target of anti-parasitic and anti-cancer drugs. Parasites require topoisomerase 1 activity for survival and, consequently, compounds that inhibit topoisomerase 1 activity may be of interest. All e...
The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains and hyper-virulent strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are big therapeutic challenges for tuberculosis (TB) control. Repurposing bioactive small-molecule compounds has recently become a new therapeutic a...
Fungal infection is initiated by the adhesion of pathogens to biotic and abiotic surfaces, with various manifestations including biofilm formation and invasive growth, etc. A previous report, though devoid of functional data, speculated that the Schi...
Adventitious root (AR) is a kind of later root, which derives from stems and leaf petioles of plants. Many different kinds of small signaling molecules can transmit information between cells of multicellular organisms. It has been found that small mo...
In this study, powdered activated carbon (PAC) was added to replace the silica in a cementitious microfiltration membrane (CM) to solve the problems of the low mechanical strength and short lifetime of CMs. The carbon-cementitious microfiltration mem...
Dental caries, as a common oral infectious disease, is a worldwide public health issue. Oral biofilms are the main cause of dental caries. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is well recognized as the major causative factor of dental caries within oral...
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are known as the sixth type of plant hormone participating in various physiological and biochemical activities and play an irreplaceable role in plants. Small-molecule compounds (SMCs) such as nitric oxide (NO), ethylene, hydro...
In the past 25 years, a number of efforts have been made toward the development of small molecule interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling inhibitors, but none have been approved to date. Monosaccharides are a diverse class of bioactive compounds, but thus far...
Cell adhesion is essential for cell survival, communication, and regulation, and it is of fundamental importance in the development and maintenance of tissues. Cell adhesion has been widely explored due to its many important roles in the fields of ti...
In vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA is increasingly applied in lieu of DNA to deliver reprogramming genes to fibroblasts for stem cell derivation. However, IVT mRNA induces interferon (IFN) responses from mammalian cells that reduces transfection efficie...
Solid cancers are the most common types of cancers diagnosed globally and comprise a large number of deaths each year. The main challenge currently in drug development for tumors raised from solid organs is to find more selective compounds, which exp...
Background/Objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with a relapsing nature and complex etiology. Bioinformatics analysis has been widely applied to investigate various diseases. This study aimed to identify c...
Receptors are macromolecules that transmit information regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis, play key roles in oncogenic processes and correlate with the prognoses of cancer patients. Thus, targeting receptors to co...
Small-molecule probes are powerful tools for studying biological systems and can serve as lead compounds for developing new therapeutics. Especially, nitrogen heterocycles are of considerable importance in the pharmaceutical field. These compounds ar...
The amyloid hypothesis is the predominant model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis, suggesting that amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is the primary driver of neurotoxicity and a cascade of pathological events in the central nervous system....
Molecular glue (MG) compounds are a type of unique small molecule that can change the protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and interactomes by degrading, stabilizing, or activating the target protein after their binging. These small-molecule MGs...
Marine secondary metabolites are a promising source of unexploited drugs that have a wide structural diversity and have shown a variety of biological activities. These compounds are produced in response to the harsh and competitive conditions that oc...
Quantitative microdialysis is a traditional biophysical affinity determination technique. In the development of the detailed experimental protocol presented, we used commercially available equipment, rapid equilibrium dialysis (RED) devices (ThermoFi...
The transition of peptides or proteins along a misfolding continuum from soluble functional states to pathological aggregates, to ultimately deposit as amyloid fibrils, is a process that underlies an expanding group of human diseases—collective...
Rift Valley fever is a zoonotic viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, impacting both humans and livestock. Currently, there are no approved vaccines or antiviral treatments for humans. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of chemical...
Specific adhesion of P. falciparum parasite-infected erythrocytes (IE) in deep vascular beds can result in severe complications, such as cerebral malaria, placental malaria, respiratory distress, and severe anemia. Cerebral malaria and severe malaria...
There is an urgent need to identify efficient antiviral compounds to combat existing and emerging RNA virus infections, particularly those related to seasonal and pandemic influenza outbreaks. While inhibitors of the influenza viral integral membrane...
Chemical biology and the application of small molecules has proven to be a potent perturbation strategy, especially for the functional elucidation of proteins, their networks, and regulators. In recent years, the cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA)...
Since the introduction of Perovskite Solar Cells, their photovoltaic efficiencies have grown impressively, reaching over 25%. Besides the exceptional efficiencies, those solar cells need to be improved to overcome some concerns, such as their intrins...
Malaria parasites require pantothenate from both human and mosquito hosts to synthesize coenzyme A (CoA). Specifically, mosquito-stage parasites cannot synthesize pantothenate de novo or take up preformed CoA from the mosquito host, making it essenti...
The melanocortin receptors are involved in numerous physiological pathways, including appetite, skin and hair pigmentation, and steroidogenesis. In particular, the melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) is involved in fat storage, food intake, and energy hom...
After entry into the target cell, the human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV) integrates into the host genome and becomes a proviral eukaryotic transcriptional unit. Transcriptional regulation of provirus gene expression is critical for HIV replica...
Compelling evidence ties heparanase, an endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate side (HS) chains of proteoglycans, with all steps of tumor development, including tumor initiation, angiogenesis, growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Moreover,...
In recent years, infectious diseases caused by viral infections have seriously endangered human health, especially COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, which continues to spread worldwide. The development of broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors is urgently...
Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by lipid accumulation and chronic inflammation of the arterial wall, which is the pathological basis for coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and thromboembolic disease. Currently, there i...
Over the past three years, significant progress has been made in the development of novel promising drug candidates against COVID-19. However, SARS-CoV-2 mutations resulting in the emergence of new viral strains that can be resistant to the drugs use...
Chronic wounds fail to achieve complete closure and are an economic burden to healthcare systems due to the limited treatment options and constant medical attention. Chronic wounds are characterised by dysregulated signalling pathways. Research has f...
Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8-like 3 (TNFAIP8L3 or TIPE3) functions as a transfer protein for lipid second messengers. TIPE3 is highly upregulated in several human cancers and has been established to significantly promote tumor cell...
The hydrophobic pocket in the HIV-1 gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat (NHR) domain plays an important role in viral fusion and entry into the host cell, and serves as an attractive target for development of HIV-1 fusion/entry inhibitors. The peptide anti...
Sphingolipids, a type of bioactive lipid, play crucial roles within cells, serving as integral components of membranes and exhibiting strong signaling properties that have potential therapeutic implications in anti-cancer treatments. However, due to...
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has been identified as a highly malignant cancer that can be transformed from epithelial cells of the bile duct, including intrahepatic, perihilar and extrahepatic. High-resolution imaging tools (abdominal ultrasound, compute...
In recent years, inducing pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into functional primordial germ cells (PGCs) in vitro has become an important method of obtaining a large number of PGCs. However, the instability and low induction efficiency of the i...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Its key pathological hallmarks include extracellular amyloid plaques composed of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and i...
A chemically explainable machine learning model was constructed with a small dataset to quantitatively predict the singlet-oxygen-scavenging ability. In this model, ensemble learning based on decision trees resulted in high accuracy. For explanatory...
The Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) open reading frame 54 (ORF54) gene encodes an 87 kDa monomer that oligomerizes to form the pORF54 portal dodecamer. Located at a single viral capsid vertex, the portal facilitates the translocation of the newly synthe...
The guanidine core has been one of the most studied functional groups in medicinal chemistry, and guanylation reactions are powerful tools for synthesizing this kind of compound. In this study, a series of five guanidine-core small molecules were obt...
Bivalent proximity-inducing compounds represent a novel class of small molecule therapeutics with exciting potential and new challenges. The most prominent examples of such compounds are utilized in targeted protein degradation where E3 ligases are h...
Aging is a gradual process that occurs over time which leads to a progressive decline of cells and tissues. Telomere shortening, genetic instability, epigenetic alteration, and the accumulation of misfolded proteins represent the main hallmarks that...
Cancer has been identified as a leading cause of death worldwide, and the increasing number of cancer cases threatens to shorten the average life expectancy of people. Recently, we reported a 3-azido-3-deoxythymidine (AZT)-based amphipathic small mol...
We describe a ligand-based approach towards compounds with more specific targeting for Burkitt’s lymphoma. Using three-dimensional ligand-based similarity searches and a previously described hit compound, we have identified six compounds that are che...
Antibiotic tolerance poses a threat to current antimicrobial armamentarium. Bacteria at a tolerant state survive in the presence of antibiotic treatment and account for persistence, relapse and recalcitrance of infections. Antibiotic treatment failur...
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