Among the Pilates-based exercises, the modified side-arm (MSA) and modified high-five (MHF) are commonly used for shoulder strengthening and rehabilitation. This study examined shoulder girdle muscle activity and ratios across different spring intens...
Shoulder girdle plays a dominant role in coordinating the natural movements of the upper arm. Inverse kinematics, optimization, and data-driven approaches are usually used to conduct motion retargeting. However, these methods do not consider shoulder...
Myofascial pain syndrome is a common painful condition encountered in the general population. Previous studies evaluating the efficacy of botulinum toxin for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome are limited, with variable results. This prospecti...
3 March 2021
The goal of our study was to examine the muscle activity of the shoulder girdle after isokinetic fatigue, which may simulate muscle activities commonly occurring during specific sport-related activities in recreational overhead asymptomatic athletes....
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor symptoms, with key diagnostic features, such as rigidity, traditionally assessed through subjective clinical scales. This study proposes a novel hybrid framework integrating model-driven biomec...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on selective muscle activation of the shoulder girdle during the barbell bench press. Specifically, this research focused on how attentional focu...
Background: Upper-limb spasticity involving the shoulder girdle and elbow flexors often impairs functional hand use, and although Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is a first-line therapy, severe proximal synergies may persist while higher doses risk d...
It is important to understand the timing of the maximum increase of forearm-hand inertia value and lean body mass (LBM) of the shoulder girdle musculature when elbow injury frequently occurs. This study aimed to clarify the discrepancies of those in...
Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis (SCCH) is an ill-recognized, rarely diagnosed disease. Today, SCCH is widely considered part of the synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome. SCCH develops over years with intermittent...
Background/Objectives: Consensus exists on the effectiveness of surgery in improving scapular position and appearance in Sprengel’s deformity, yet evidence regarding functional outcomes is limited. This study aimed to evaluate functional result...
Nowadays, postural misalignments prevalence in students is increasingly evident and its early detection is the best way to prevent complications in adulthood. It is also known that postural problems appear to have association between them. The aim of...
The HOXB1 gene encodes a homeobox transcription factor pivotal in the development of rhombomere 4. Biallelic pathogenic variants in this gene are associated with congenital facial paresis type 3 (HCFP3). Only seven single nucleotide variants have bee...
Background: This study investigated whether diaphragmatic breathing intervention could lead to acute improvements in trunk and shoulder mobility and pulmonary function in healthy young adults. Methods: Twenty-six physically active males (aged 24.3 &p...
In this study, we investigated the effect of regular walking and its combination with manual techniques/resistance exercise. The position of the shoulder girdle was assessed using the acromion-wall distance (AD). The intervention took place twice a w...
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies are a group of genetic disorders classically manifesting with progressive proximal muscle weakness. Affected individuals present with atrophy and weakness of the muscles of the shoulders and hips, and in some cases, i...
Background/Objectives: Many patients evaluated by shoulder specialists suffer from intractable pain, neuropathy, and weakness. The pectoralis minor (PM) remains the only scapula muscle to receive lower trunk (C8-T1) input. We propose a novel syndrome...
The possibility that polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) can be diagnosed when both ESR and CRP are normal at the time of diagnosis and before therapy with glucocorticoids, has been often discussed in the literature. We present a case report of a 100-year-o...
Sarcoglycanopathies are among the most frequent and severe forms of autosomal recessive forms of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) with childhood onset. Four subtypes are known: LGMDR3, LGMDR4, LGMDR5 and LGMDR6, which are caused, respectively...
Wheelchair basketball players often develop shoulder pain due to repetitive wheelchair propulsion motion. Wheelchair propulsion involves two phases, push and recovery, with several different muscles simultaneously active in each phase. Although diffe...
29 September 2025
Background: Acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) injuries frequently result from trauma to the shoulder girdle and are particularly common among young, physically active individuals. These injuries account for approximately 9% of all traumatic shoulder gird...
In tennis, the serve plays a key role in determining the success of a player. The speed of a serve is influenced by a multitude of interconnected skills and abilities. The objective of this study was to establish the correlation between the explosive...
20 October 2022
Shoulder pain is often attributable to a musculoskeletal disorder, but in some instances, it may be linked to pathologies outside the physiotherapist’s area of expertise. Specifically, some intracranial problems can cause pain and disability to...
Shoulder pain is a common syndrome in swimming and affects a large number of competitive swimmers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between pain in the shoulder girdle and the endurance of the trunk muscles in young swimme...
Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type R1 disease is a progressive disease that is caused by mutations in the CAPN3 gene and involves the extremity muscles of the hip and shoulder girdle. The CAPN3 protein has proteolytic and non-proteolytic properties....
Background: Sprengel’s Deformity (SD) is a rare condition of the shoulder girdle, appearing as the principal congenital anomaly of the shoulder in paediatric patients. The aim of this study is to document the combined experience of two paediatr...
The forward shoulder posture (FSP) results from shoulders being pulled forward by shortened anterior shoulder girdle muscles. The objective of this study was to investigate the short-term effectiveness of the reverse plank exercise on parascapular mu...
Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis (SCCH), the main clinical manifestation of chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) in adults, is associated with various degrees of chronic pain and restricted shoulder girdle function. We evaluated the impact of...
Background and Objectives: Double poling is an important fundamental skill required for cross-country skiing in able-bodied athletes and in those with physical disabilities. Meanwhile, the performance improvement and injury prevention related to doub...
Pycnodysostosis (PD) is a rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia from impaired bone resorption due to osteoclastic dysfunction. The features of PD are deformity of the skull, maxilla, and phalanges; osteosclerosis; and bone fragility. We describ...
The Athletic Shoulder (ASH) test was introduced as a tool for quantifying the ability to produce and transfer force across the shoulder girdle. Whether using the portable isometric-based strength training device Active5™ is a reliable alternati...
Powered exoskeleton rehabilitation is an effective way to help stroke patients recover their motor abilities. Bionic structures and human-like control strategies can be used to enhance both the safety and efficacy of exoskeletons. However, the motion...
Conventional myoelectric prosthetic hands only offer a basic tri-digital pinch. Transradial amputees need to compensate for this lack of function with altered kinematics at the shoulder and trunk that might expose them to an increased risk of musculo...
“Nonspecific shoulder pain” encompasses various non-traumatic musculoskeletal shoulder disorders, diverging from diagnostic terminologies that refer to precise tissue-oriented clinical diagnosis. Blood flow restriction (BFR) training, inv...
Active patient participation in the rehabilitation process after stroke has been shown to accelerate neural remodeling. The control framework of rehabilitation robots should provide appropriate assistive forces to users. An assist-as-needed (AAN) con...
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory disease common in people aged 50 years and older. This condition is characterized by the presence of pain and stiffness involving mainly the shoulder and pelvic girdle. Besides the frequent association...
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy recessive 1 (LGMDR1), previously known as LGMD2A, is a rare disease caused by mutations in the CAPN3 gene. It is characterized by progressive weakness of shoulder, pelvic, and proximal limb muscles that usually appears...
Otofaciocervical syndrome (OTFCS) is a rare disorder characterized by facial, auditory, and shoulder girdle anomalies. Its significant phenotypic overlap with branchiootorenal spectrum disorders (BORSD)—both linked to EYA1 (EYA transcriptional...
Background and Objectives: Glenohumeral axial distraction mobilization (GADM) is a usual mobilization technique for patients with shoulder dysfunctions. The effect of scapular fixation on the movement of the scapula and the humeral head during GADM i...
(1) Background: Although most brachial plexus birth palsies show some spontaneous recovery, secondary operations are likely to follow. Accordingly, due to the loss of muscle innervation, the growth of the affected limb and the shoulder girdle is redu...
Upper Crossed Syndrome (UCS), described by Vladimir Janda, is characterized by postural changes involving the cervical spine and trunk, leading to biomechanical limitations and cervicoscapulobrachial pain. This study proposes a mesotherapy protocol,...
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is an inherited myopathy, characterized by progressive and asymmetric muscle atrophy, primarily affecting muscles of the face, shoulder girdle, and upper arms before affecting muscles of the lower extremi...
(1) Background: Surgeons are exposed to musculoskeletal loads that are comparable to those of industrial workers. These stresses are harmful for the joints and muscles and can lead to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and working incapacity for surgeon...
(1) Background: Proximal humerus fractures can be a debilitating condition if not properly treated. These fracture patterns are varied and differ in every patient. Functional outcomes may be determined by the integrity of the shoulder girdle involvin...
Background: Total laryngectomy is an operation that involves numerous problems for the patient, especially in daily life: loss of the fact, loss of voice, evident scars and persistence of the tracheostoma. Much is known about rehabilitation programs...
Nearly 1% of all bone cancers are primary clavicular tumors and because of their rarity, treating clinicians are unfamiliar with their diagnosis, classification, treatment options, and prognosis. In terms of preserving function and avoiding complicat...
5 March 2020
In this study, functional fitness is defined as the level of independence and self-sufficiency of an elderly person, which facilitates leading an independent life, without the need for assistance from other people. A decrease in functional fitness am...
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory rheumatism of the shoulder and pelvic girdles. In 16 to 21% of cases, PMR is associated with giant cell arteritis (GCA) that can lead to severe vascular complications. Ruling out GCA in patients with PM...
Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type R1 (LGMDR1; formerly LGMD2A), characterized by progressive hip and shoulder muscle weakness, is caused by mutations in CAPN3. In zebrafish, capn3b mediates Def-dependent degradation of p53 in the liver and intestin...
Background: A person’s response to stressors is largely dependent on their personality traits that affect the way stress is controlled and relieved. This article is a quantitative analysis assessing the importance of the distressed personality in the...
The aim of the study was to determine the correct movement patterns of fencing techniques in wheelchair fencers. Through a comprehensive analysis, the key muscles in the kinematic chain exposed to potential injuries were identified. The study partici...
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