We present the first ever evaluation of sea spray aerosol eddy covariance (EC) fluxes at near coastal conditions and with limited fetch, and the first over water with brackish water (on average 7 ppt). The measurements were made on the island of Garp...
Sea spray can contribute significantly to the exchanges of heat and momentum across the air–sea interface. However, while critical, sea spray physics are typically not included in operational atmospheric and oceanic models due to large uncertainties...
While sea spray can significantly impact air–sea heat fluxes, the effect of spray produced by the interaction of wind and waves is not explicitly addressed in current operational numerical models. In the present work, the thermal effects of the...
Occasionally, storms that share many features with tropical cyclones, including the presence of a quasi-circular “eye” a warm core and strong winds, are observed in the Mediterranean. Generally, they are known as Medicanes, or tropical-li...
Ice accretion from marine icing events accumulating on structures poses a significant hazard to ship and offshore operations in cold regions, being relevant for offshore activities like oil explorations, offshore wind, and shipping in arctic regions....
It is not known whether sea spray droplets can act as agents that influence air-sea gas exchange. We begin to address that question here by evaluating the time scales that govern spray-mediated air-sea gas transfer. To move between the interior of a...
The effects of sea spray on open-ocean rainfall measurements-the drop size distribution (DSD) and rainfall intensities-were studied using a state-of-the-art optical disdrometer. The number of rain droplets less than 1 mm in diameter is affected by se...
Surface waves and sea spray play a significant role in air–sea fluxes in high winds. The present study used a marine atmosphere surface layer (MASL), which couples the traditional Monin–Obukhov similarity theory, sea spray generation func...
The prediction of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity has been a lasting challenge. Numerical models often underestimate the intensity of strong TCs. Accurately describing the air–sea heat flux is essential for improving the simulation of TCs. It i...
Due to the effect of the maritime environment and low temperature factor, ice phenomena are easily produced while a ship is sailing in a polar location. Types of ice accumulation include sea spray icing, which accounts for 90% of all ice accumulation...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of spray-drying parameters on the physicochemical properties of encapsulated sea buckthorn berry oil. Different carriers (gum arabic, β-cyclodextrin, and their mixture (1:1, w/w)), inlet air tempe...
Field measurements have shown that sub-micrometer sea spray aerosol (SSA) is significantly enriched in organic material, of which a large fraction has been attributed to soluble saccharides. Existing mechanistic models of SSA production struggle to r...
A hybrid CFD–ML model for the prediction of sea spray icing, SPICE2, was developed in Part 1 of this study in Deshpande et al., 2024. The SPICE2 model is an extension of the ML model, SPICE, where some of the variables required for icing rate p...
Sea spray aerosol (SSA) is highly enriched in marine-derived organic compounds during seasons of high biological productivity, and saturated fatty acids comprise one of the most abundant classes of molecules. Fatty acids and other organic compounds f...
Fine-scale models for the transport of marine aerosols are of great interest for the study of micro-climates and air quality in areas of complex topography, such as in urbanized coastal areas. To this end, the MIO laboratory implemented the Meso-NH m...
The aim of this study was to determine the retention of fatty acids, α-tocopherol, and carotenoids in sea buckthorn oil (SBO) encapsulated with gum arabic (GA), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and their mixture (1:1) under pre-optimized spray...
Foods and beverages with health benefits have become increasingly popular with consumers, and fruits and legumes are considered good sources of nutrients. In this study, sea buckthorn and fava bean were used as the main raw materials to prepare sea b...
Since thermally sprayed zinc and aluminum coatings were invented 100 years ago, they have realized extensive industrial applications for steel structure protection in a variety of fields for nearly 100 years and have been proven to be effective and r...
A machine learning model for prediction of icing on vessels and offshore structures, Spice, was recently developed by Deshpande 2023. Some variables required for the prediction of icing rates in most prediction models, including Spice, such as the sp...
The sea surface drag coefficient plays an important role in momentum transmission between the atmosphere and the ocean, which is affected by ocean waves. The total air–sea momentum flux consists of effective momentum flux and sea spray momentum flux....
The air–sea exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) on a global scale is a key factor in understanding climate change and predicting its effects. The magnitude of sea spray’s contribution to this flux is currently highly uncertain. Constraining...
Marine icing is considered a major concern for vessels operating in the Arctic Ocean. Interaction between vessels and waves is the major source of sea spray that, under certain conditions, can lead to ice accretion on the vessels and thus create haza...
The air–sea transfer of gases is important within climate physics, biogeochemistry and the control of pollutants. A two-layer model of transfer directly across the sea surface underpins most discourse, but an expanding literature also features...
Environmental conditions in Arctic waters pose challenges to various offshore industrial activities. In this regard, better prediction of meteorological and oceanographic conditions contributes to addressing the challenges by developing economic plan...
Aerosol particles in coastal areas result from a complex mixing between sea-spray aerosols locally generated at the sea surface by breaking waves and a continental component issued from natural and/or anthropogenic sources. The aim of this paper is t...
Three measurement campaigns were conducted on the island of Culuccia (Sardinia, Italy) to evaluate particulate matter (PM) concentrations and the contribution of sea spray aerosol (SSA) across different seasons in a largely uncontaminated coastal env...
Human behaviors probably represent the most important causes of the SARS-Cov-2 virus propagation. However, the role of virus transport by aerosols—and therefore the influence of atmospheric conditions (temperature, humidity, type and concentration of...
Background: Glyoxal has been implicated as a significant contributor to the formation of secondary organic aerosols, which play a key role in our ability to estimate the impact of aerosols on climate. Elevated concentrations of glyoxal over remote oc...
The dynamic relationship between microplastics (MPs) in the air and on the Earth’s surface involves both natural and anthropogenic forces. MPs are transported from the ocean to the air by bubble scavenging and sea spray formation and are releas...
This paper provides a review of the aerodynamic behavior of horizontal axis wind turbines operating in hazardous environmental conditions. Over the past decade, renewable energy use has accelerated due to global warming, depleting fossil fuel reserve...
Different configurations for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model were evaluated to improve wind and temperature fields predictions in the Northern Sahara and the Mediterranean basin. Eight setups, associated with different combinations o...
Background: Glyoxal has been implicated as a significant contributor to the formation of secondary organic aerosols, which play a key role in our ability to estimate the impact of aerosols on climate. Elevated concentrations of glyoxal over open ocea...
Respiratory exposure to marine phycotoxins is of increasing concern. Inhalation of sea spray aerosols (SSAs), during harmful Karenia brevis and Ostreopsis ovata blooms induces respiratory distress among others. The biogenics hypothesis, however, sugg...
The influence of thermally sprayed aluminum coatings (Al99%; arc spraying) on the fatigue strength of gas metal arc welded (GMAW) non-alloyed structural steel specimens with respect to foundations for offshore wind turbines was investigated. Addition...
The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operates the Integrated Forecasting System aerosol module (IFS-AER) to provide daily global analysis and forecast of aerosols for the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS). New...
Atmospheric-chemical coupled models usually parameterize sea-salt aerosol (SSA) emissions using whitecap fraction estimated considering only wind speed and ignoring sea state. This approach may introduce inaccuracies in SSA simulation. This study aim...
Marine aerosol particles can act as cloud condensation nuclei and influence the atmospheric boundary layer by scattering solar radiation. The interaction of ocean waves and coral reefs may affect the distribution and size of marine aerosol particles....
Global joint measurements of sea surface winds and currents are planned using satellite-based Doppler scatterometers operating in the Ka-band to achieve improved spatial resolution and retrieval accuracy. Still, the knowledge of sea surface Ka-band b...
Sea spray droplets play an important role in the momentum, heat and mass transfer in the marine atmospheric boundary layer. We have developed a new direct numerical simulation method to study the generation and transport mechanisms of spume droplets...
In Galicia (NW Spain), granite was the most used stone material in historical buildings. Despite the good properties of granite as a construction material, it overcomes several physical and chemical weathering processes that cause decay, resulting in...
Lippia citriodora has been demonstrated to have a wide variety of phytochemicals which provide benefits to human health acting as antioxidants or anti-obesogenics. In this study, these phytochemicals were recovered using a microwave-assisted technolo...
The electromagnetic (EM) scattering characteristics of the rough sea surface is very important for target surveying and detection in a sea environment. This work proposes a scaled sea surface designing method based on a rough thin-film medium. For th...
MoS2 coating is a newly developed method to prevent bolt corrosion and the seizure of bolts used in equipment in sea areas. It is of great significance to investigate the evolution of the tensile properties and intact coatings for the maintenance of...
The development of a natural gas-fired tri-generation power plant (520 MW Combined Cycle Gas Turbines + 58 MW Tri-generation) in the Republic of San Marino, a small independent country in Northern Italy, is under assessment. This work investigates th...
High-strength naval steel panels were coated by spraying with five commercial antifouling paints. The first set of coated specimens was subjected to electrochemical measurements and the anticorrosion properties of the paints were evaluated under cont...
The natural gas hydrate (NGH) reservoir in China is mainly distributed in the continental shelf with water depths ranging from 600–1500 m, about 90% of which is stored in the shallow area of the deep sea, with weak cementation and non-diageneti...
Milk proteins are prone to changes during the heat treatment process. Here, we aimed to study the changes in caprine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins with three heat treatment processes—ultra-pasteurization (85 °C, 30 min), ultra-h...
The article presents the results of the research on the influence of heat treatment conditions on corrosion resistance of newly developed HSLA-type (High Strength Low Alloy) steel in selected corrosive environments. Laboratory tests were carried out...
A novel indole, microindolinone A (1), was isolated from a deep-sea-derived actinomycete Microbacterium sp. MCCC 1A11207, together with 18 known compounds (2–19). By detailed analysis of the 1H, 13C, HSQC, COSY, HMBC, high resolution electron spray i...
In this study, the Mo/C276 coating was deposited on Q690E steel by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF), and the coating was treated with an organosilicon sealer. Further, the corrosion behaviors of the coating in the simulated deep-sea cold spring...
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