A hybrid satellite–terrestrial relay network is a simple and flexible solution that can be used to improve the performance of land mobile satellite systems, where the communication links between satellite and mobile terrestrial users can be uns...
Relaying with network coding forms a basis for a variety of collaborative communication systems. A linear block coding framework for multi-way relaying using network codes introduced in the literature shows great promise for understanding, analyzing,...
Wind power systems are being integrated increasingly into the power grid because of their large capacity and easy access to the transmission grid. The reliability of wind power plants is very important and the elimination of protective relay’s malfun...
Ground-based pseudolite systems have some limitations, such as low vertical accuracy, multipath effects and near-far problems. These problems are not significant in airborne-based pseudolite systems. However, the monitoring of pseudolite positions is...
In the development of beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems, communication between the UAVs and the ground control station (GCS) is of critical importance. The commonly used economical wireless modules are restricted by th...
The security issue of wireless communication is a common concern because of its broadcast nature, especially when the relay becomes an eavesdropper. In the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) relay system, when the relay is untrusted, t...
As RFID technology is being widely used in access control systems to identify and track both objects and people, relay attacks on RFID systems continue to pose serious threats to security. To mitigate relay attacks, distance bounding protocols can be...
This paper works on building an effective massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) relay system by increasing the achievable sum rate and energy efficiency. First, we design a two-hop massive MIMO relay system instead of a one-hop system to shorten th...
Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technology provides an efficient solution to energy-limited communication terminals in a wireless network. However, in the current application scenario of SWIPT technology, relays use all t...
The incorrect operation of protective relays and circuit breakers will significantly compromise the safety and stability of power systems. To promptly detect the faults of the relay protection system and the circuit breakers in time and to ensure the...
In this paper, an unmanned aerial vehicle is utilized as an aerial relay to connect onshore base station with offshore users in a maritime IoT system with uplink non-orthogonal multiple access enabled. A coordinated direct and relay transmission sche...
This paper presents an adaptive protection scheme (APS) for solving the coordination problem that deals with coordination directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) and distance relays second zone time, in relation to coordination with DOCRs. The coordin...
The hybridization of PSO for the Optimal Coordination of Directional Overcurrent Protection Relays (DOPR) of the IEEE bus system proposes a new method for coordinating directional overcurrent protection relays in power systems. The method combines th...
Relay-based traffic control systems are still used in railway control systems. Their correctness is most often verified by manual analysis, which does not guarantee correctness in all conditions. Passenger safety, control reliability, and failure-fre...
This study explores the feasibility of using impedance relays in electrical distribution systems, a context where their application is not as common as in transmission systems. Given the dynamic nature and complex topology of medium-voltage distribut...
This article presents the evaluation of the performance of the distance relay (ANSI function 21) when integrating Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in a Local Distribution System (LDS). The aim is to understand the impacts of and the necessary modi...
To improve the performance of fee-space optical communication systems, this paper analyzes the performance of a relay-aided hybrid fee-space optical (FSO)/radio frequency (RF) cooperation system based on a selective combination and decoding forward t...
In electrical power systems, ensuring a reliable, precise, and efficient relay strategy is crucial for safe and trustworthy operation, especially in multi-loop distribution systems. Overcurrent relays (OCRs) have emerged as effective solutions for th...
The use of a directional overcurrent protection relay (DOPR) to protect an electrical power system is a crucial instrument for keeping the system dynamic and avoiding undue interruption. The coordination of a DOPR’s primary and backup relays is...
In this paper, the uplink spectral efficiency performance of a massive MIMO system based on full-duplex relay communication is investigated in Rician fading channels. The relay station is equipped with a large number of antennas, while multiple sourc...
Optimal power allocation (PA) is a decisive part of the power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA) technique. In PD-NOMA, users are served at the same time and using the same frequency band, but at differing power levels. In this paper, th...
Hybrid beamforming (HBF) has been regarded as one of the most promising technologies in millimeter Wave (mmWave) communication systems. In order to guarantee the communication quality in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios, joint HBF design for the mm...
Among several usages of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), wireless relay systems for high altitudes using fixed-wing UAVs, or high-altitude platform stations (HAPS), are some of the most promising applications. To realize the systems by making the most...
Among the several usages of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), a wireless relay system is one of the most promising applications. Specifically, a small fixed-wing UAV is suitable to establish the system promptly. In the system, an antenna pointing cont...
Network lifetime maximization of wireless biomedical implant systems is one of the major research challenges of wireless body area networks (WBANs). In this paper, a mutual information (MI)-based incremental relaying communication protocol is present...
One of the key challenges for future communication systems is to deal with fast changing channels due to the mobility of users. Having a robust protocol capable of handling transmission failures in unfavorable channel conditions is crucial, but the f...
In recent years, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has become a promising technology for the advancement of future wireless communications. In principle, the relay node with better channel conditions can support others to enhance the system perfo...
To address the issues of link mismatch and channel impairment in wireless optical communication across atmospheric-oceanic media, this paper proposes a two-hop relay transmission architecture based on the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-enhance...
The incorporation of user-assisted cooperative relaying into beamspace massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system can extend the coverage area and improve the spectral and energy efficiency for millime...
This paper presents an analytical study of the bit error rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance in simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying systems over Rayleigh fading channels. A...
This article provides a comprehensive review of optimal relay coordination (ORC) in distribution networks (DNs) that include distributed generators (DGs). The integration of DGs into DNs has become a real challenge for power system protection, as the...
Energy harvesting and information transferring simultaneously by radio frequency (RF) is considered as the novel solution for green-energy wireless communications. From that point of view, the system performance (SP) analysis of multisource power spl...
In this work, we investigate a new design strategy for the implementation of a deep neural network (DNN)-based limited-feedback relay system by using conventional filters to acquire training data in order to jointly solve the issues of quantization a...
In this contribution, we investigate the performance of an untrusted relaying system when Cooperative Jammers (CJs) are available. We propose two scenarios, Untrusted Relaying-aided Multiple Cooperative-Jammers-based Simultaneous Transmission (UR-MCJ...
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have attracted considerable attention, thanks to their high flexibility, on-demand deployment and the freedom in trajectory design. The communication channel quality can be effectively improved by using UAV to build a...
The coordinated development of stems and branches, together with optimal strip spacing, is crucial for improving soybean yield in the soybean–maize relay strip intercropping system. Shading during the seedling stage often causes excessive stem...
Due to the global coverage and real-time access advantages of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), the demonstration platform based on TDRSS can satisfy the new technology verification and demonstration needs of the space information...
This paper proposes a cognitive radio network (CRN)-based hybrid wideband precoding for maximizing spectral efficiency in millimeter-wave relay-assisted multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The underlying problem is NP-hard...
Protective relays play a crucial role in defining the dynamic responses of power systems during and after faults. Therefore, modeling protective relays in stability studies is crucial for enhancing the accuracy of these studies. Modeling all the rela...
Modulation categorization, which is a significant duty performed by smart receivers, is critical for applications in both the military and civilian sectors. This research topic has been intensively investigated for single-hop wireless communications....
This paper proposes a three-phase transmission scheme to ensure zero secrecy outage in decode-and-forward relay systems by using the strategies of artificial noise (AN) injection and channel state information (CSI) leakage avoidance. The zero-outage...
Free Space Optics (FSO)-based UAV-enabled wireless power transfer (WPT) relay systems have emerged as a key technology for 6G networks, efficiently providing continuous power to Internet of Things (IoT) devices even in remote areas such as disaster r...
In this paper, we analyze the performance of cooperative power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in power line communication (PLC) networks. Due to the high signal attenuation of the source to user links, a relay aids communication from th...
This paper proposes a dual-hop mixed radio frequency-free-space optical (RF-FSO) cooperative system with amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying. The RF link is subject to Rayleigh fading and the FSO link is assumed to follow F-distributed fading with poin...
While the combination of multi-antenna and relaying techniques has been extensively studied for Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, it is expected to still play an important role in 5th Generation (5G) netw...
The line-of-sight (LoS) channel is one of the requirements for efficient data transmission in visible-light communications (VLC), but this cannot always be guaranteed in indoor applications for a variety of reasons, such as moving objects and the lay...
In power systems, the programmable numerical differential relays are widely used for the protection of generators, bus bars, transformers, shunt reactors, and transmission lines. Retrofitting of relays is the need of the hour because lack of proper t...
This paper introduces a new protection system for solar photovoltaic generator (SPVG)-connected networks. The system is a combination of voltage-restrained overcurrent relays (VROCRs) and directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs). The DOCRs are implemen...
Electric railways use a single-phase system, with the line comprising a trolley wire (TF) that supplies power to the load with a neutral wire and an autotransformer (AF) feeder to absorb the return current of the rail. Testing the performance of the...
Cooperative MIMO communication systems play an important role in the development of future sixth-generation (6G) wireless systems incorporating new technologies such as massive MIMO relay systems, dual-polarized antenna arrays, millimeter-wave commun...
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