Background: Oral cancer screening is important for early detection and early treatment, which help improve survival rates. Biopsy is the gold standard for a definitive diagnosis but is invasive and painful, while fluorescence visualization is non-inv...
ISO 25178 part 600:2019 and part 700:2022 introduce a calibration framework based on seven metrological characteristics (MCs) for calibrating optical areal surface measuring instruments. Among these, topography fidelity is a newly defined metrologica...
Diffuse optical imaging is highly versatile and has a very broad range of applications in biology and medicine. It covers diffuse optical tomography, fluorescence diffuse optical tomography, bioluminescence and a number of other new imaging methods....
There is a growing interest in the development of sensitive, portable, and low-cost instrumentation for optical chemical (bio)sensing. Such instrumentation can allow real-time decision-making for industry, farmers, and researchers. The combination of...
Fungi are the most harmful microorganisms responsible for the deterioration of nonmetallic materials such as glass, polymers, and composites. To date, biological aspects of glass deterioration have been poorly investigated. The present study aimed to...
Built-in autonomous stereo vision devices play a critical role in the autonomous docking instruments of space vehicles. Traditional stereo cameras for space autonomous docking use charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensors, and it is difficult for the...
Cavitation has been widely explored to enhance physical and chemical processes across various applications. This study aimed to model the key characteristics of a cavitation jet, induced by a triangular-orifice nozzle, using both experimental and num...
As the core observation instrument of the China Space Station Telescope (CSST), the Survey Camera (SC) features large volume, heavy weight and high complexity, which poses considerable challenges to the development of its Main Structure (MST). Focusi...
A flow cell is a critical measurement interface for many optical instruments. However, the flows are often sampled under harsh conditions, such as under high pressure and/or high temperature, in the presence of particles, moisture, vapors with high d...
Stray light is a critical aspect for high performance optical instruments. When stray light control by design is insufficient to reach the performance requirement, correction by post-processing must be considered. This situation is encountered, for e...
Recent developments in localisation systems for autonomous robotic technology have been a driving factor in the deployment of robots in a wide variety of environments. Estimating sensor measurement noise is an essential factor when producing uncertai...
In environments of high suspended sediment concentration (SSC > 1 kg/m3), efficient measurements of SSC through accurate calibration relationships between turbidity and SSC are necessary for studies on marine sediment dynamics. Here, we investigat...
Lasers with external electrical modulation are widely used in optical systems, but the generation of well-defined pulses often suffers from distortions in duty cycle and top optical power at high frequencies. This work addresses this limitation by pr...
The nickel–titanium (NiTi) instruments’ geometry plays an important role in their performance and behavior. The present assessment intends to validate and test the applicability of a 3D surface scanning method using a high-resolution labo...
Biofouling is the major factor that limits long-term monitoring studies with automated optical instruments. Protection of the sensing areas, surfaces, and structural housing of the sensors must be considered to deliver reliable data without the need...
In recent years, biomedical optics technology has developed rapidly. The current widespread use of biomedical optics was made possible by the invention of optical instruments. The advantages of being non-invasive, portable, effective, low cost, and l...
A novel methodology is formulated and investigated on test cases for the reconstruction of complete vertical aerosol extinction profiles in which a synergy of remote, in-situ, and airborne measurements is utilized. The GRASP Open aerosol retrieval al...
Optical instrumentation used in space normally employs optical coatings. Future interplanetary space missions will be characterized by ever longer stays in environmental conditions where low energy protons represent one of the main types of radiation...
The spaceborne turntable is a piece of precision optical equipment utilized for monitoring space information and facilitating laser communication. The measurement accuracy of optical instruments is correlated to some extent with the mechanical proper...
The light scattering properties of seawater play important roles in radiative transfer in the ocean and optically-based methods for characterizing marine suspended particles from in situ and remote sensing measurements. The recently commercialized LI...
Accurate representation of atmospheric aerosol properties is a long-standing problem in atmospheric research. Modern pilotless aerial systems provide a new platform for atmospheric in situ measurement. However, small airborne platforms require miniat...
Musical instruments are tools for playing music, but for some of them—made by the most important historical violin makers—the myths hide the physical artwork. Ancient violin-making Masters developed peculiar construction methods and defin...
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used extensively in nanoscience research since its invention. Recently, many teaching laboratories in colleges, undergraduate institutions, and even high schools incorporate AFM as an effective teaching tool for...
(1) Background: Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) result in high fatality and lifelong disability rates. Two of the primary biomarkers in assessing TBI are intracranial pressure (ICP) and brain oxygenation. Both are assessed using standalone techniques,...
Optical microscopy is a fundamental tool in the physical, chemical, and life sciences, enabling direct investigation of structure, dynamics, and function across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Advances in optical design, detectors, and computat...
This article reviews the past and current statuses of time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (TD-NIRS) and imaging. Although time-domain technology is not yet widely employed due to its drawbacks of being cumbersome, bulky, and very expensive compare...
The harsh environment associated with the next generation of nuclear reactors is a great challenge facing all new sensing technologies to be deployed for on-line monitoring purposes and for the implantation of SHM methods. Sensors able to resist sust...
As part of the Copernicus program of the European Union (EU), the European Space Agency (ESA) and the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) are currently operating the Sentinel-3 mission that consists of a...
The Tula industrial area in Central Mexico comprises, among other industries, a refinery and a thermoelectric power plant. It is well known for its constant emissions of gases into the atmosphere and considered an important area where pollutants rele...
In this paper, we present a project of a multi-channel wide-field optical sky monitoring system with high temporal resolution—Small Aperture Imaging Network Telescope (SAINT)— mostly built from off-the-shelf components and aimed towards s...
Absorbing aerosols can strongly absorb solar radiation and have a profound impact on the global and regional climate. Black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC) and dust are three major types of absorbing aerosols. In order to deepen the overall understa...
This paper focuses on new instrumented trolleys, allowing automated 3D inspection of railway infrastructures, using optical scanning principles and devices for defects and damage evaluation. Inspection of rolling components is crucial for wear evalua...
In order to realize automatic surface defect detection for large aperture precision spherical optical elements, an automatic surface defect detection instrument has been designed. The instrument consists of a microscopic imaging system, illumination...
The laser ranging interferometer onboard the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On mission proved the feasibility of an interferometric sensor for inter-satellite length tracking with sub-nanometer precision, establishing an important mil...
In recent years, natural and anthropogenic geohazards have occured frequently all over the world, and field monitoring is becoming an increasingly important task to mitigate these risks. However, conventional geotechnical instrumentations for monitor...
The detection of acoustic emissions with multiple channels and different kinds of sensors (external ultrasound electronic sensors and internal optical fiber sensors) for monitoring power transformers is presented. The source localization based on the...
The Environmental Trace Gases Monitoring Instrument (EMI) is a high-spectral-resolution payload onboard the latest pathfinder mission GaoFen-5, designed specifically for the monitoring of global atmospheric trace gas compositions and trends. This stu...
In this paper, we present several study cases focused on marine, oceanographic, and atmospheric environments, which would greatly benefit from the use of a deployable system for small satellite observations. As opposed to the large standard ones, sma...
Satellite optical observations of lightning are influenced by a variety of factors. Studying these factors can provide valuable reference information for applications such as lightning parameter inversion. However, due to the variability of natural f...
This article is devoted to the instrumentation, with optical fibres, of the straps holding the envelope of stratospheric balloons. This instrumentation is motivated in the first instance by the need to validate the numerical models used in the design...
We present the evolution of multispectral optical properties through urban aerosols that have aged and interacted with biogenic emissions, resulting in stronger short wavelength absorption and the formation of moderately brown secondary organic aeros...
The structural and geotechnical characteristics of railroad tracks change abruptly at transition zones. At these locations, a change from ‘rigid’ to ‘flexible’ track conditions or the opposite leads to amplified dynamic respon...
This paper presents the development of a hardware/software system for the characterization of the electronic response of optical (camera) sensors such as matrix and linear color and monochrome Charge Coupled Device (CCD) or Complementary Metal Oxide...
This paper reviews the currently available optical sensors, their limitations and opportunities for deployment at Eddy Covariance (EC) sites in Europe. This review is based on the results obtained from an online survey designed and disseminated by th...
The aim of this work was the determination of pH with a sensor array-based optical portable instrument. This sensor array consists of eleven membranes with selective colour changes at different pH intervals. The method for the pH calculation is based...
The off-axis three-mirror optical system is derived from the classical Cooke triplet or a derivative of the inverse-telephoto lens. By properly arranging an internal reimaging mechanism or altering the location of the optical stop, one can create dif...
Phase light modulator (PLM) by MEMS mirror array operating in a piston-mode motion enables a high-speed diffractive beam steering in a random-access and flexible manner that makes a lidar system more intelligent and adaptive. Diffraction efficiency i...
This research investigates the use of charge coupled device (abbreviated as CCD) linear image sensors in an optical tomographic instrumentation system used for sizing particles. The measurement system, consisting of four CCD linear image sensors are...
A novel optical fiber array-type of sensing instrument with temperature compensation for real-time detection was developed to measure oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ammonia simultaneously. The proposed instrument is multi-sensing array integrated with r...
Particle mass and particulate size are two important parameters used to characterize the aerosol. Currently, there are a few methods for measuring particle mass concentration and particle size. However, the existing methods have their own shortcoming...
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