Pharmacotherapy in the geriatric population is one of the greatest challenges in modern medicine. Elderly patients, characterized by multimorbidity and the resulting polypharmacy, are significantly more exposed to adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which...
Mycotoxins are toxic fungal secondary metabolities formed by a variety of fungi (moulds) species. Hundreds of potentially toxic mycotoxins have been already identified and are considered a serious problem in agriculture, animal husbandry, and public...
10 December 2024
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a significant public health concern, particularly in rural regions, like the Caucasus, where tick-borne diseases are prevalent. The review contains comprehensive data on TBEV circulation in the Caucasus region,...
For decades, isolated limb infusion (ILI) and hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (HILP) have been used to treat melanoma in-transit metastases and unresectable sarcoma confined to the limb utilizing the effect of loco-regional high-dose chemotherap...
Soft tissue sarcomas are defined as relatively rare, wide-ranging mesenchymal tumors that present several forms of aggressive behavior. In order to improve the therapeutic result and thus the patient's prognosis, reliable diagnostic and evaluation to...
This work could help to better understand the solvent effects on crystal habits and aspect ratio changes at the molecular level, which provide some guidance for solvent selection in industrial crystallization processes. With the catechol crystal habi...
In this study, the characteristics of a composite material composed of polypropylene (PP) and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are investigated. The elastic properties of the PP/UHMWPE composite material composed of short UHMWPE fiber...
Holothurians, or sea cucumbers, belong to the phylum Echinodermata. They show good regenerative abilities. The present review provides an analysis of available data on the molecular aspects of regeneration mechanisms in holothurians. The genes and si...
Iron is an essential nutrient for growth among all branches of life, but while iron is among the most common elements, bioavailable iron is a relatively scarce nutrient. Since iron is fundamental for several biological processes, iron deficiency can...
Congenital fibrinogen disorders can be quantitative (afibrinogenemia, hypofibrinogenemia) or functional (dysfibrinognemia). To date, several genetic variants have been identified in individuals with fibrinogen disorders. The complexity of the fibrino...
Vitiligo is an asymptomatic but cosmetically disfiguring disorder that results in the formation of depigmented patches on skin and/or mucosae. Vitiligo can be segmental or non-segmental depending upon the morphology of the clinical involvement. It ca...
In hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), the subject is placed in a chamber containing 100% oxygen gas at a pressure of more than one atmosphere absolute. This treatment is used to hasten tissue recovery and improve its physiological aspects, by providin...
Diagnosis of allergic diseases is a complex, multi-stage process. It often requires the use of various diagnostic tools. The in vitro diagnostics (IVD), which includes various laboratory tests, is one of the stages of this process. Standard laborator...
Understanding the process of aging is still an important challenge to enable healthy aging and to prevent age-related diseases. Most studies in age research investigate the decline in organ functionality and gene activity with age. The focus on decli...
Many conditions can present with accumulation of calcium in the brain and manifest with a variety of neurological symptoms. Brain calcifications can be primary (idiopathic or genetic) or secondary to various pathological conditions (e.g., calcium&nda...
KMT2A (alias: mixed-lineage leukemia [MLL]) gene mapping on chromosome 11q23 encodes the lysine-specific histone N-methyltransferase 2A and promotes transcription by inducing an open chromatin conformation. Numerous genomic breakpoints within the KMT...
In the context of the shortage of organs and other tissues for use in human transplantation, xenotransplantation procedures with material taken from pigs have come under increased consideration. However, there are unclear consequences of the potentia...
Early mammalian embryo development is a temporally regulated process initially governed by maternal factors during the first few cleavage divisions. In porcine embryos, the transition from oocyte to embryonic control occurs around the 4-cell stage. T...
Drought stress adversely effects physiological and biochemical processes of plants, leading to a reduction in plant productivity. Plants try to protect themselves via activation of their internal defense system, but severe drought causes dysfunction...
Thyroid radio-iodide therapy (RAI) is one of the oldest known and used targeted therapies. In thyroid cancer, it has been used for more than eight decades and is still being used to improve thyroid tumor treatment to eliminate remnants after thyroid...
Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of autoimmune gastritis, particularly its molecular aspects. The most noteworthy recent advancement lies in the identification of several candidate genes implicated in the pathogen...
Heart failure (HF) is a common disease that causes significant limitations on the organism’s capacity and, in extreme cases, leads to death. Clinically, iron deficiency (ID) plays an essential role in heart failure by deteriorating the patient&...
Long QT syndromes can be either acquired or congenital. Drugs are one of the many etiologies that may induce acquired long QT syndrome. In fact, many drugs frequently used in the clinical setting are a known risk factor for a prolonged QT interval, t...
Ascites, a common complication of portal hypertension in cirrhosis, is characterized by the accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity. While traditional theories focus on hemodynamic alterations and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone...
Galls are characteristic plant structures formed by cell size enlargement and/or cell proliferation induced by parasitic or pathogenic organisms. Insects are a major inducer of galls, and insect galls can occur on plant leaves, stems, floral buds, fl...
The circadian timing system (CTS) controls various biological functions in mammals including xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification, immune functions, cell cycle events, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Although the importance of the CTS is well known i...
The human albumin gene, the most abundant serum protein, is located in the long arm of chromosome 4, near the centromere, position 4q11–3. It is divided by 14 intervening introns into 15 exons, the last of which is untranslated. To date, 74 nuc...
Despite the knowledge of the main mechanisms involved in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), the high heterogeneity and variable penetrance of the disease complicate the diagnosis, characterization and genotype–phenotype correlation...
We are pleased to present the first and second editions of this Special Issue, titled “Molecular and Genetic Aspects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease”, of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences [...]
Amyloidosis is a rare pathology characterized by protein deposits in various organs and tissues. Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) can be caused by various protein deposits, but transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and immunoglobulin light chain (AL) are the most...
Nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor (2Nrf2) is an essential leucine zipper protein (bZIP) that is primarily located in the cytoplasm under physiological conditions. Nrf2 principally modulates endogenous defense in response to oxidative stre...
The Special Issue on “Molecular Aspects in Catalytic Materials for Pollution Elimination and Green Chemistry” encompasses two aims: one is to remove the pollutants produced in the downstream, and the other is to synthesize chemicals by a...
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a significant role in controlling biological paradigms such as aging and aging-related disease. We have previously identified receptor signaling systems that are specifically associated with controlling molecu...
Laurus nobilis L. is an aromatic medicinal plant widely cultivated in many world regions. L. nobilis has been increasingly acknowledged over the years as it provides an essential contribution to the food and pharmaceutical industries and cultural int...
Inflammatory bowel diseases have long been recognized as entities with a higher risk of colorectal cancer. An increasing amount of information has been published regarding ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer and its unique mechanisms in r...
Fruit losses and wastage are mainly due to postharvest diseases; their control is reduced with pesticides. The excessive use of synthetic fungicides has caused harmful effects on human health and the environment, so it is therefore necessary to reduc...
16 December 2011
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative movement disorder that is characterized pathologically by a progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and by protein inclusions, designated Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. PD is one of the...
Approximately 70% of people will experience a traumatic event in their lifetime, but post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) will only develop in 3.9% and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) in 1–8% of the population worldwide, althoug...
Injection molding is an economical and effective method for manufacturing polymer parts with nanostructures and residual stress in the parts is an important factor affecting the quality of molding. In this paper, taking the injection molding of polym...
The most important causes of treatment failure in canine lymphoma include intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. Thus, elucidation of molecular mechanisms of drug resistance is essential for the establishment of better treatment alternatives for lymp...
Due to genetic changes in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequences, cancer continues to be the second most prevalent cause of death. The traditional target-directed approach, which is confronted with the importance of target function in healthy cells, i...
Opioids are substances derived from opium (natural opioids). In its raw state, opium is a gummy latex extracted from Papaver somniferum. The use of opioids and their negative health consequences among people who use drugs have been studied. Today, op...
2 January 2018
Environmental contamination with arsenic (As) is a global environmental, agricultural and health issue due to the highly toxic and carcinogenic nature of As. Exposure of plants to As, even at very low concentration, can cause many morphological, phys...
The etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has not yet been completely elucidated. Through time, multiple attempts have been made to uncover the causes of ASD. Different theories have been proposed, such as being caused by alterations in the gut&...
In thyroid cancer, calcification is mainly present in classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), despite being described in benign lesions and in other subtypes of thyroid carcinomas. Thyroid calcifications...
Since the isolation and commercialization of insulin (a peptide composed of 51 amino acid residues) in the early 1920s, peptide drugs have reshaped the pharmaceutical industry [...]
Psychedelics belong to the oldest psychoactive drugs. They arouse recent interest due to their therapeutic applications in the treatment of major depressive disorder, substance use disorder, end-of-life anxiety,= and anxiety symptoms, and obsessive&n...
For thousands of years, fungi or mushrooms have been used as biological control agents, cosmeceuticals, dietary foods and supplements, pharmaceuticals, and traditional medicines around the world [...]
Plants interact with diverse microbial communities and share complex relationships with each other. The intimate association between microbes and their host mutually benefit each other and provide stability against various biotic and abiotic stresses...
This study comparatively analyzed the behavior of elastic properties by aspect ratio of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers that are added when creating a composite material of polypropylene and UHMWPE. The volume fraction (V...
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