Appropriate nucleo-cytoplasmic partitioning of proteins is a vital regulatory mechanism in phytohormone signaling and plant development. However, how this is achieved remains incompletely understood. The Karyopherin (KAP) superfamily is critical for...
Ionizing radiation (IR) has been widely used in the treatment of cancer. Radiation-induced DNA damage triggers the DNA damage response (DDR), which can confer radioresistance and early local recurrence by activating DNA repair pathways. Since karyoph...
Nuclear transport receptors, such as karyopherin-β1 (KPNB1), play important roles in the nuclear-cytoplasmic transport of macromolecules. Recent evidence indicates the involvement of nuclear transport receptors in the progression of cancer, maki...
In eukaryotic cells, nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of macromolecules is largely mediated by Karyopherin β/Importin (KPNβ or Impβ) nuclear transport factors, and they import and export cargo proteins or RNAs via the nuclear pores across...
Radiation therapy is commonly used to treat head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); however, recurrence results from the development of radioresistant cancer cells. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the underlying mechanisms of radioresis...
Karyopherins, carrier proteins that recognize particular cargo protein patterns known as nuclear localization signals (NLSs), mediate the nuclear translocation of big proteins. In order to better understand the process of nuclear transport of protein...
The USH1G protein SANS is a small multifunctional scaffold protein. It is involved in several different cellular processes, such as intracellular transport, in the cytoplasm, or splicing of pre-mRNA, in the cell nucleus. Here, we aimed to gain insigh...
Nuclear transport receptors of the karyopherin superfamily of proteins transport macromolecules from one compartment to the other and are critical for both cell physiology and pathophysiology. The nuclear transport machinery is tightly regulated and...
Picornaviruses are positive-stranded RNA viruses. Even though replication and translation of their genome take place in the cytoplasm, these viruses evolved different strategies to disturb nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of host proteins and RNA. The m...
Proteasomes are highly conserved protease complexes responsible for the degradation of aberrant and short-lived proteins. In highly proliferating yeast and mammalian cells, proteasomes are predominantly nuclear. During quiescence and cell cycle arres...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) specifically infects human hepatocytes and increases the risks of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Currently, nucleic acid analogs are the main therapeutics for chronic hepatitis caused by HBV infection. Although nucleic acid analo...
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule that negatively regulates anti-tumor immunity. Recent reports indicate that anti-cancer treatments, such as radiation therapy, increase PD-L1 expression on the surface of tumor cells....
Background: Nuclear protein-1 (NUPR1, also known as p8/Com-1) is a transcription factor involved in the regulation of cellular stress responses, including serum starvation and drug stimulation. Methods: We investigated the mechanism of NUPR1 nuclear...
Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTb), formerly also known as osteoclastoma, is a pathological entity that in veterinary medicine is still undefined and, probably, underdiagnosed. In humans, GCTb is recognized as a primary benign bone tumor, locally aggres...
Nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is a highly regulated process that allows the cell to control the partitioning of proteins and nucleic acids between the cytosolic and nuclear compartments. The Ebola virus minor matrix protein VP24 (eVP24) hijacks this...
Mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1 (MDC1) plays a vital role in DNA damage response (DDR) by coordinating the repair of double strand breaks (DSBs). Here, we identified a novel interaction between MDC1 and karyopherin α-2 (KPNA2), a nu...
Viral interferon (IFN) antagonist proteins mediate evasion of IFN-mediated innate immunity and are often multifunctional, with distinct roles in viral replication. The Ebola virus IFN antagonist VP24 mediates nucleocapsid assembly, and inhibits IFN-a...
Members of the Ebolavirus genus demonstrate a marked differences in pathogenicity in humans with Ebola (EBOV) being the most pathogenic, Bundibugyo (BDBV) less pathogenic, and Reston (RESTV) is not known to cause a disease in humans. The VP24 protein...
Many viruses deliver their genomes into the host cell’s nucleus before they replicate. While onco-retroviruses and papillomaviruses tether their genomes to host chromatin upon mitotic breakdown of the nuclear envelope, lentiviruses, such as human imm...
Flaviviruses are a large group of arboviruses of significant medical concern worldwide. With outbreaks a common occurrence, the need for efficient viral control is required more than ever. It is well understood that flaviviruses modulate the composit...
Nucleocytoplasmic transport is crucial for neuronal cell physiology and defects are involved in neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease, but also in ageing. Recent studies have suggested, that the c...
While the functions of HOX genes have been and remain extensively studied in distinct model organisms from flies to mice, the molecular biology of HOX proteins remains poorly documented. In particular, the mechanisms involved in regulating the activi...
Cells of glioblastoma, the most frequent primary malignant brain tumor, are characterized by their rapid growth and infiltration of adjacent healthy brain parenchyma, which reflects their aggressive biological behavior. In order to maintain their exc...
Viruses frequently exploit the host’s nucleocytoplasmic trafficking machinery to facilitate their replication and evade immune defenses. By encoding specialized proteins and other components, they strategically target host nuclear transport rec...
Proteasomes are conserved protease complexes enriched in the nuclei of dividing yeast cells, a major site for protein degradation. If yeast cells do not proliferate and transit to quiescence, metabolic changes result in the dissociation of proteasom...
In eukaryotic cells, the spatial distribution between cytoplasm and nucleus is essential for cell homeostasis. This dynamic distribution is selectively regulated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which allows the passive or energy-dependent transpor...
Protein nuclear transport is an integral process to many cellular pathways and often plays a critical role during viral infection. To overcome the barrier presented by the nuclear membrane and gain access to the nucleus, virally encoded proteins have...
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a multifunctional factor that regulates inflammation and immunity. Knowledge of its regulatory mechanisms is very limited. Here, we showed that enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection induced the...
The Filoviridae family of viruses, which includes the genera Ebolavirus (EBOV) and Marburgvirus (MARV), causes severe and often times lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans. Filoviral infections are associated with ineffective innate antiviral responses...
DP96R of African swine fever virus (ASFV), also known as uridine kinase (UK), encodes a virulence-associated protein. Previous studies have examined DP96R along with other genes in an effort to create live attenuated vaccines. While experiments in pi...
Nuclear export protein 1 (XPO1), a member of the nuclear export protein-p (Karyopherin-P) superfamily, regulates the transport of “cargo” proteins. To facilitate this important process, which is essential for cellular homeostasis, XPO1 mu...
Otosclerosis is a common cause of conductive hearing loss thought to result from dysregulated bone remodeling in the embryonic tissues of the globuli interossei. Both familial and sporadic cases have been reported. To date, 10 published OTSC loci and...
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is one of the most aggressive human cancers and new systemic therapies are urgently needed. Exportin-1 (XPO1), which is a member of the importin-β superfamily of karyopherins, is the major exporter of many tumor suppre...
The present study aimed to establish novel canine osteosarcoma cell lines (COS3600, COS3600B, COS4074) and characterize the recently described COS4288 cells. The established D-17 cell line served as a reference. Analyzed cell lines differed notably i...
Ribosomal proteins are highly expressed, and the quality of ribosomal proteins must be rigorously controlled to build up a functional ribosome. Rpl43, ribosomal protein large subunit 43, is located nearby the E-site of ribosomes. In our previous stud...
Victoria and Yamagata lineages of influenza B viruses are globally circulating in seasonal epidemics. Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are permissive for viral isolation and vaccine manufacture. Nevertheless, the interplay between influen...
Host–virus protein interactions are critical for intracellular viral propagation. Understanding the interactions between cellular and viral proteins may help us develop new antiviral strategies. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly cont...