This study developed a MEMS-based electrochemical seismometer relying on a cathode–anode–cathode (CAC) integrated three-electrode structure where two cathodes were positioned on two surfaces of a silicon wafer, while one anode was positio...
Electrorheological (ER) polishing, as a new ultra-precision super-effect polishing method, provides little damage to the workpiece surface and is suitable for polishing all kinds of small and complex curved surface workpieces. In this paper, an ER po...
Silicon carbide (SiC) single crystals have great prospects for high-temperature energy storage due to their robust structural stability, ultrahigh power output, and superior temperature stability. However, energy density is an essential challenge for...
To improve the reference potential stability of on-chip amperometric sensors, we propose a novel integrated Ag/AgCl reference electrode structure. This structure can refresh the saturated potassium chloride filling solution surrounding the Ag/AgCl el...
The fast development of portable electronics demands electrodes for supercapacitors that are compatible with miniaturized device applications. In this study, an orderly aligned coaxial bilayer nanotube array made of transition metal/transition metal...
The surface integrity of a micro electrical discharge machining (micro EDM) surface represents the surface quality of workpiece. The surface quality of micro EDM can be further improved by clarifying the machining mechanism and optimizing processing...
This study introduces a composite method that integrates a diamond-coated tubular grinding electrode with short electric arc machining (SEAM) for GH4099. Mechanical micro-grinding and arc erosion act concurrently within the inter-electrode gap, enabl...
The mechanical stability of aqueous binder and conductive composites (BCC) is the basis of the long-term service of composite electrodes in advanced secondary batteries. To evaluate the stress evolution of BCC in composite electrodes during electroch...
As a cutting-edge technology, animal robots based on living organisms are being extensively studied, with potential for diverse applications in the fields of neuroscience, national security, and civil rescue. However, it remains a significant challen...
Electroencephalogram (EEG) neurofeedback improves cognitive capacity and behaviors by regulating brain activity, which can lead to cognitive enhancement in healthy people and better rehabilitation in patients. The increased use of EEG neurofeedback h...
This paper presents a new process to fabricate a sensing unit of electrochemical seismometers using only one silicon–glass–silicon bonded wafer. By integrating four electrodes on one silicon–glass–silicon bonded wafer, the consistency of the develope...
Electrode material used in wire electric discharge machining (WEDM/wire EDM) plays a vital role in determining the machined component quality. In particular, when machining hard materials like nickel titanium/NiTi (NiTiNOL) shape memory alloy, the qu...
Flexible pressure sensors are essential for wearable electronics, human–machine interfaces, and soft robotics. However, conventional Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based sensors often suffer from limited conductivity, poor filler dispersion, and low str...
A novel integrated electrode structure was designed and synthesized by direct electrodepositing of Cu–Sn alloy anode materials on the Celgard 2400 separator (Cel-CS electrode). The integrated structure of the Cel-CS electrode not only greatly s...
A stable reference electrode (RE) plays a crucial role in the performance of an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) for bio/chemical sensing applications. There is a strong demand for the miniaturization of the RE for integrated sensor syst...
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a versatile scanning probe technique that allows monitoring of a plethora of electrochemical reactions on a highly resolved local scale. SECM in combination with atomic force microscopy (AFM) is particula...
This paper fabricated a high-performance chitin nanofibers (ChNFs)-integrated bulk acoustic wave (BAW) humidity sensor with an asymmetric electrode configuration. The ChNFs were successfully prepared from crab shells and used as moisture-sensitive ma...
A novel stretchable flexible electrode capable of simultaneously detecting isotropic three-directional strain and normal pressure has been developed. Inspired by the recursive symmetry of the Peano-Gosper fractal, the electrode integrates liquid meta...
We demonstrated a newly developed Ag/AgCl reference electrode- with a valve-actuator for two years or longer rumen pH monitoring. Previous studies on pH sensors reported that the short lifetime of Ag/AgCl reference electrodes is caused by an outflow...
The development of superior electrochemical energy-storage devices designed through a facile, cost-efficient, and green synthesis technique is the key to addressing the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy. In...
The adaptation of standard integrated circuit (IC) technology as a transducer in cell-based biosensors in drug discovery pharmacology, neural interface systems and electrophysiology requires electrodes that are electrochemically stable, biocompatible...
This study involved the preparation of an all-solid-state ion-selective electrode (ASS-ISE) with copper and a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT/PSS) conversion layer through electrode deposition. The morphology of the...
In this work, a voltammetric method based on a metal organic framework (Ca-MOF)-modified carbon paste electrode for lead determination was developed. The MOF-based electrode was packed in a new type of 3D-printed syringe-type integrated device, which...
In view of the low-energy explosion foil detonation system’s requirements for the integration technology of high-voltage switches and technical overload resistance technology, a magnetron sputtering coater is used to sputter copper film on the...
A multi-channel microfluidic system was designed and fabricated with an integrated electrode array to be capable of trapping and analysing single cells or populations in the individual channels in a controlled chemical environment. The analytical sys...
The concentration of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) is an important quality-related index in milk and milk products. Fast, cost-effective and environmentally friendly determination of HMF is of great significance in milk products control. In this s...
Sensitive determination of C-reactive protein (CRP) is of great significance because it is an early indicator of inflammation in cardiovascular disease and acute myocardial infarction. A disposable electrode with an integrated three-electrode system...
Hydrogen is a key energy carrier for fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen energy systems. However, its colorless and odorless nature, combined with a wide flammability range, poses significant safety risks in the event of leakage. Accordingly, compact and...
The poor discharge and charge capacities, and the cycle performance of current Li–air batteries represent critical obstacles to their practical application. The fabrication of an integrated structural air electrode with stable parallel micropore chan...
Objectives: There is a critical need for effective focal therapies for patients with inoperable or anatomically complex tumors where conventional ablation techniques pose high risk or are ineffective. Integrated Nanosecond Pulsed Irreversible Electro...
This study reports organic, nutrient, and coliform removal performances of two integrated wetlands designed to treat landfill leachate. Each integrated system included two components: a normal or electrode-integrated upflow-based wetland and a surfac...
In the context of “dual carbon” goals, energy structures are rapidly shifting towards cleaner, low-carbon solutions. The clean and efficient electrode boiler, with its unique heat generation mechanism, is well aligned with this trend. Thi...
Toxemia of pregnancy is a very dangerous disease for pregnant women. The mortality rate of toxemia of pregnancy is close to 10% to 15%. Early detection of pregnancy toxemia is to monitoring uric acid concentration in urine. The current mainstream met...
Micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) are the key to next-generation display technology. However, since the driving circuits are typically composed of Si devices, numerous micro-LED pixels must be transferred from their GaN substrate to bond with...
With the large-scale integration of wind power, photovoltaic, and other renewable energy sources into the power grid, their inherent randomness and variability present significant challenges to the frequency stability of power systems. Conventional t...
Surface electromyography is a technique used to measure the electrical activity of muscles. sEMG can be used to assess muscle function in various settings, including clinical, academic/industrial research, and sports medicine. The aim of this study i...
We developed a minimally invasive glucose monitoring system that uses a microneedle to permeate the skin surface and a small hydrogel to accumulate interstitial fluid glucose. The measurement of glucose and sodium ion levels in the hydrogel is requir...
8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is the most widely used oxidative stress biomarker of the free radical-induced oxidative damage product of DNA, which may allow a premature assessment of various diseases. This paper designs a label-free, portable bio...
Lab-on-Chip is a technology that could potentially revolutionize medical Point-of-Care diagnostics. Considerable research effort is focused towards innovating production technologies that will make commercial upscaling financially viable. Printed ci...
Inkjet technology as a maskless, direct-writing technology offers the potential for structured deposition of functional materials for the realization of electrodes for, e.g., sensing applications. In this work, electrodes were realized by inkjet-prin...
An active electrode (AE) and back-end (BE) integrated system for enhanced electrocardiogram (ECG)/electrode-tissue impedance (ETI) measurement is proposed. The AE consists of a balanced current driver and a preamplifier. To increase the output impeda...
Resistive voltage dividers tend to have a highly non-linear transfer function as parasitic and stray capacitances exert an increasing influence with increasing frequency. The non-linear transfer function depends on the topology and resistors used and...
Traditional liquid electrolyte batteries face safety concerns such as leakage and flammability, while further optimization has reached a bottleneck. Solid electrolytes are therefore considered a promising solution. Here, a PEO–LiTFSI–LATP...
This work compares two design methodologies, emulating both AgCl electrode and skin tissue Cole models for testing and verification of electrical bio-impedance circuits and systems. The models are based on fractional-order elements, are implemented w...
Radio frequency (RF) filters with multiple passbands can meet the needs of miniaturization and integration for 5G communications. This paper reports a dual-mode Lamb wave resonator (DLWR) and a dual-passband filter based on DLWRs. The DLWR consists o...
Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when cochlear hair cells fail to convert mechanical sound waves into electrical signals transmitted via the auditory nerve. Cochlear implants (CIs) restore hearing by directly stimulating the auditory nerve with elec...
Implantable active electronic microchips are being developed as multinode in-body sensors and actuators. There is a need to develop high throughput microfabrication techniques applicable to complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)-based silicon...
The integration of textile-based sensing and actuation elements has become increasingly important across various fields, driven by the growing demand for smart textiles in healthcare, sports, and wearable electronics. This paper presents the developm...
Abstract: We report the fabrication and characterisation of the first graphene ring micro electrodes with the addition of a miniature concentric Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The graphene ring electrode is formed by dip coating fibre optics with grap...
Mechanical motion sensing and monitoring is an important component in the field of industrial automation. Rotary motion is one of the most basic forms of mechanical motion, so it is of great significance for the development of the entire industry to...
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