During icebreaker navigation in ice-covered waters, icebreaking resistance and dynamic ice loads acting on the bow critically determine the vessel’s icebreaking performance. Quantitative characterization of the icebreaking resistance behavior a...
As a key parameter, icebreaking capability is often used to judge whether a polar ship could navigate in level ice at a certain speed. This paper presents two methods to calculate icebreaking capability. The first one is a static method based on the...
With the shrinking of Arctic sea ice due to global climate change, potential access to Arctic waters has increased for non-typical icebreaking or strengthened ships. Numerous studies have been conducted on hull form designs and ice resistance predict...
Stern-first operation under severe ice conditions (ridges) is one of the most effective modes to increase the operating efficiency of icebreakers and ice ships. However, when a ship overcomes the ridge astern, the propellers continuously interact wit...
Developing an efficient power system is an important way for icebreakers to respond to high maneuverability and strong fluctuation loads under icebreaking conditions. The performance of power systems under short-period, regularly fluctuating load-sea...
When an airgun releases high-pressure gas underwater below an ice plate, it is observed that a bubble is formed rapidly while the ice plate is broken fiercely. In order to study the ice-water-gas interaction during this transient and violent phenomen...
Icebreaking by using underwater explosion bubbles and compressed high-pressure gas bubbles has gradually become an effective icebreaking method. In order to compare the damaging effect of these two methods on the ice body, a fluid–structure cou...
During polar navigation, icebreakers frequently encounter ice ridges, which can significantly reduce navigation efficiency and even pose threats to structural safety. Therefore, studying the ramming of ice ridges by the icebreaker is of great importa...
The Arctic ice layer serves as an excellent cover for strategic nuclear submarine forces, but it also poses significant challenges when submarines surface. This paper proposes a method for breaking through the ice layer and surfacing in polar environ...
This work develops an Updated Lagrangian Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (ULSPH) framework to simulate high-speed icebreaking by a hemispherically capped cylinder (HCC). Using a self-programmed C++ code with Drucker–Prager damage criteria, this...
Structural safety is of utmost importance for polar icebreakers under both navigation and icebreaking conditions. In this research, the Palmgren–Miner linear cumulative damage theory is employed to evaluate the structural fatigue lifespan of po...
In recent years, a continuous decline of ice-coverage in the Arctic has been recorded, but these high latitudes are still dominated by earth’s polar ice cap. Therefore, safe and sustainable shipping operations in this still frozen region have a...
A vessel convoy is a complex and high-risk operation completed during icebreaking operations in the Arctic. Icebreaker navigators need to continuously communicate with their crew while monitoring information such as speed, heading, and distance betwe...
This paper presents a framework for structural analysis of icebreakers during ramming of first-year ice ridges. The framework links the ice-ridge load and the structural analysis based on the physical characteristics of ship–ice-ridge interacti...
This paper addresses the challenges faced by icebreakers in polar environments, particularly the difficulty in sensing underwater ice formations when navigating through thick ice layers, which often results in suboptimal icebreaking effectiveness. To...
Aiming at the problems of serious pavement temperature diseases, low efficiency and high loss of ice-breaking methods, high occupancy rate of waste tires and the low utilization rate and insufficient durability of rubber particles, this paper aims to...
In this paper, a data-driven model based on the Non-smooth Discrete Element Method (NDEM) and Artificial Neural Network Method (ANN) is proposed for the computation of the ice-breaking resistance of the structure. The idea of so-called “meta-mo...
Polar navigation entails challenges that affect the continuation of ship operations in severe ice conditions. Due to ice-propeller interaction, propulsion shafting segments are often at a high risk of failure. Efficient methods for shaft line design...
Underwater explosion ice-breaking technology is critical for Arctic development and ice disaster prevention due to its high efficiency, yet it faces challenges in understanding the coupled dynamics of shock waves, pulsating bubbles, and heterogeneous...
Accurately assessing ice loads is a fundamental issue in the field of structural design for ships in ice-covered regions. In this paper, we conducted research on extreme ice load estimation for icebreaking ships, combining stochastic theory with nume...
When the icebreaker sails in the polar region, it adopts continuous and ramming icebreaking operations. When the ice condition exceeds the design working condition, it uses the ramming icebreaking method to advance. The nonlinear icebreaking process...
The maneuvering performance of ships in marginal ice zones is critical for navigational safety, yet most existing studies focus on icebreaking vessels. This study develops a coupled numerical framework that integrates the Non-Smooth Discrete Element...
At present, the calculation method of ice load on surface navigation ships has been very mature, but the calculation method of submarine ice load is very few. The reasonable evaluation of submarine ice load has become an urgent problem to be solved....
A hovercraft can adapt to an ice area, open water, land and other environments, owing to its unique hull structure. It also plays an important role in transporting supplies, rescuing people, breaking ice and conducting other tasks. Ice load predictio...
This article presents a novel simulation tool for the analysis of winter navigation operations in the Baltic Sea in the context of the Finnish–Swedish Winter Navigation System (FSWNS). The aim of the tool is to simulate the performance of the F...
In level ice, the maneuvering motion of icebreakers has a major influence on the global ice loads of the hull. This study researched the influences of the drift angle and turning radius on the ice loads of the icebreaker Xue Long through a partial nu...
This article presents a new holistic multi-objective design approach for the optimization of Arctic Offshore Supply Vessels (OSVs) for cost- and eco-efficiency. The approach is intended to be used in the conceptual design phase of an Arctic OSV. It i...
Marine reactors have been applied to floating nuclear power plants, naval vessels such as submarines, and civilian ships such as icebreakers. Nuclear-powered shipping is gaining increased interest because of decarbonization goals motivated by climate...
During escort and convoy operations, icebreakers are often required to maneuver to open up channels or adjust routes due to the prevalence of ice floe conditions in Arctic routes. This study aimed to investigate the global ice load characteristics of...
The icebreaking process of water-exiting vehicles involves complex nonlinear interactions as well as multi-physical field coupling effects among ice, solids, and fluids, which poses enormous challenges for numerical calculations. Addressing the low s...
Drought is an abstract and complex phenomenon that can be difficult for many people to comprehend. Proactive planning to improve response during drought events is necessary but complicated because it involves stakeholders and decision-makers with com...
This article presents a discrete event simulation-based approach for assessing the operating performance of the Finnish–Swedish Winter Navigation System (FSWNS) under different operating scenarios. Different operating scenarios are specified in...
A free-rising buoyant sphere can break an ice plate floating above it. The problem is when the light sphere breaks the ice plate most, or the optimal relative density of the sphere which can break the ice plate the most severely. This experimental st...
In this work, the finite element method (PD-FEM) coupling strategy is used to simulate ship-ice interaction. Two numerical benchmark tests are selected to validate the coupling approach and its program. During the ice-breaking process simulation, the...
The planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) is a diagnostic field related to the effective heat capacity of the lower atmosphere, both stable and convective, and it constrains motion in this layer as well as impacts surface warming. Here, we used radi...
As the sea ice reduces in both extent and thickness and the Arctic Ocean opens, there is substantial interest in mapping the marine ecosystem in this remote and until now largely inaccessible ocean. We used the R/V Kronprins Haakon during surveys in...
To address the impact of layered ice and seawater on polar vessels navigating in icy waters, this study employs a coupled finite element method (FEM) and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm to simulate the collision dynamics between the b...
The prediction of winter flooding is a complicated task since it is affected by many meteorological and hydraulic factors. Typically, information on river ice conditions is based on historical observations, which are usually incomplete. Recently, dat...
The estimation of ship resistance in ice is a fundamental area of research and poses a substantial challenge for the design and safe use of ships in ice-covered waters. In order to estimate the ice resistance with greater reliability, we develop in t...
Climate change in recent years has produced viable shipping routes in the Arctic. However, critical uncertainties related to maritime operations in the Arctic make it difficult to predict ship speeds in ice and, thus, the voyage time and fuel costs....
When the offshore wind energy industry attempts to develop in cold regions, ice load becomes the main technological challenge for offshore wind turbine foundation design. Dynamic ice loads acting on wind turbine foundations should be calculated in a...
The melting of Arctic ice has facilitated the successful navigation of merchant ships through the Arctic route, often requiring icebreakers for assistance. To reduce the risk of accidents between merchant vessels and icebreakers stemming from human e...
This study conducted ice-induced vibration analysis on offshore platform structures using the cohesive element method (CEM). The efficacy of this method in simulating the interaction between sea ice and the platform structure is verified by comparing...
In this work, the icebreaking performance of the cone structure was investigated using a new numerical model called the common-node DEM developed within LS DYNA. The icebreaking characteristics of a typical conical jacket platform in the Bohai Sea fo...
Antarctic navigation encounters substantial challenges due to the dynamic and perilous characteristics of sea ice, which pose threats to vessel safety and operational efficiency. Existing risk assessment methodologies frequently lack real-time adapta...
Selecting an optimal bow configuration is critical to the preliminary design of polar ships. This paper proposes an approach to determine the optimal bow of polar ships based on present numerical simulation and available published experimental studie...
We aimed to investigate the fluid–solid–ice coupling mechanism as structures break through ice into water. Using LS–DYNA finite element software, a numerical simulation method is established, based on the ALE flow–solid coupli...
Ice is a very unusual material that can not be explained by the basic physics of adhesion and friction when the ice contacts other solid materials. Several studies are being conducted to reduce resistance due to friction with sea ice during the desig...
Mercury is a toxic pollutant emitted from both natural sources and through human activities. A global interest in atmospheric mercury has risen ever since the discovery of the Minamata disease in 1956. Properties of gaseous elemental mercury enable l...
New areas for the production of fossil-free renewable offshore energy production are planned in Arctic waters in the Bay of Bothnia, in the very north of the Baltic Sea between Sweden and Finland. These are waters normally covered with 30–60 cm...
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