High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is preferred over high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) for long power lines for asynchronous power grid interconnection and high-level renewable energy integration. The control and protection functio...
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) grids are emerging, and their reliability has been an increasing concern for the utilities. HVDC grids are different from typical two-terminal HVDC transmission systems due to the loops in their topology, which make...
An increased use of the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) technologies can have important effects on frequency performance and voltage stability of the receiving-end grid during normal operation as well as during blocking failure. The main reasons a...
The primary function of hybrid direct current circuit breakers (HCBs) is to quickly interrupt fault currents to protect high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. To enhance the reliability and stability of HVDC systems, optimal design of HCBs is re...
As the global energy system accelerates its transition towards high penetration of renewable energy and high penetration of power electronic devices, regional power grids have undergone profound changes in their structural forms and component composi...
The concept of hybrid high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grid systems brings a massive advantage to reduce AC line loading, increased utilization of network infrastructure, and lower operational costs. Howe...
High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems are a feasible solution that allows the transmission of energy between several power networks. As a consequence of the use of HVDC systems, renewable energy sources can be integrated more easily into distrib...
Renewable energy sources (RESs) and electricity demand are not evenly distributed geographically across Europe. Thus, harvesting the wind energy from the north and solar energy from the south and delivering them to the demand in central Europe is a m...
Due to the expansion of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power systems, manufacturers of high-voltage (HV) hardware for alternating current (ac) applications are focusing their efforts towards the HVDC market. Because of the historical preponderanc...
This paper demonstrates the interoperability of an emerging alternate arm converter (AAC) with the state-of-the-art modular multilevel converter (MMC) in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems based on a hybrid VSC-HVDC system. The paper also sho...
While the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system is in monopolar operation, it produces thousands of amperes of ground-return currents (GRCs). Accurate computation of the GRCs is essential for assessing safety implications for nearby...
This research paper addresses the issue of enhancing the operational availability of NPC three-level converter-based high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transport systems during alternating current (AC) grid fault conditions. During short-circuit faul...
Low-voltage (LV) and high-voltage (HV) DC distribution systems are being investigated as alternatives due to the growth of DC distribution energy resources (DER), DC loads such as solar and wind power systems, and energy storage sources (ESSs). Furth...
The increasing use of renewable energy sources in place of conventional generation units is leading to a reduction in onshore inertia and to the development of offshore wind park grids connected by multiple high-voltage direct current (HVDC) connecti...
The strategic intent of the African Union is to develop a “Smart Integrated African Electric Power Super Grid” driven by modern tools and advances in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) engineering and flexible alternating current technolo...
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are widely used today due to their several advantages over high-voltage alternative current (HVAC) systems. They are primarily utilized in connecting different large grids or smaller independent...
Owing to the stochastic states of power systems with large-scale renewable generation, the impact of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems on the stability of the power system should be examined in a probabilistic manner. A probabilistic small s...
Focusing on the three technical features related to the offshore wind turbine and the offshore transmission channel, eight schemes of offshore wind power transmission and their corresponding key technologies are discussed. The first technical feature...
Aged and insufficient domestic power plants and insecure, unreliable and expensive power imports pose significant challenges for the power sector of Afghanistan. On the other hand, due to the absence of a suitable transmission grid, the internal rene...
The eventual goal of high-voltage direct-voltage (HVDC) systems is to implement HVDC grids. The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has been identified as the best candidate for the realization of an HVDC grid by eliminating the shortcomings of conven...
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems linked to AC grids with converters are promising energy transmission systems. These systems present complex AC- and DC-side dynamic interactions. Impedance-based stability studies have recently been proposed...
The variability and uncontrollability of wind power increases the difficulty for a power system operator to implement a wind power system with a high penetration rate. These are more serious factors to consider in small and isolated power systems sin...
Over the past few decades, wind energy has expanded to become a widespread, clean, and sustainable energy source. However, integrating offshore wind energy with the onshore AC grids presents many stability and control challenges that hinder the relia...
Southern Africa has suffered from multiple power disruptions in the past decade due to inadequate electrical generation capacity, as well as load developments in locations that were not suitably planned for. Southern African countries are able to hav...
With the rapid development of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems, the coupling between AC and DC grids is becoming increasingly close. Voltage disturbances in the grid can easily cause commutation failures in the DC system, threa...
Considering the advantages that dynamic reactive power (var) equipment (such as synchronous condensers (SCs), which can control var independently and improve voltage stability), SCs are widely used in AC/DC hybrid power grid to provide emergency var...
Modular multilevel converters (MMC) play a dominant role in integrating remotely located renewable energy resources (RER) over the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission network. The fault ride-through capabilities of the MMC-HVDC network du...
This study addresses the issues related to the inaccurate assessment of transient voltage stability margins and the limited participation of resources involved in regulation during high-voltage direct current (HVDC) receiving-end grid faults under hi...
The multi-infeed interaction factor (MIIF) is used extensively in indicating the degree of interaction among high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converters and is currently calculated by simulation methods according to the definition, or by using the...
Increasing offshore wind farms are rapidly installed and planned. However, this will pose a bottle neck challenge for long-distance transmission as well as inherent variation of their generating power outputs to the existing AC grid. VSC-HVDC links c...
Numerous research studies on high capacity DC-DC converters have been put forward in recent years, targeting multi-terminal medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems, in which renewable power plants can be in...
Among the grid service applications of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems, frequency–power droop control for islanded networks is one of the most widely used schemes. In this paper, a new frequency-power droop coefficient determination...
This paper proposes a dual−loop model predictive control (MPC) scheme based on grid−side current for modular multilevel converter−based high−voltage direct current (MMC−HVDC) systems. The proposed hybrid control structur...
High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems are transforming the global energy landscape, distinguished by their efficiency, stability, and low impact on the electrical grid. One of the challenges of HVDC transmission line design is assessing the gene...
Recently, there have been many cases in which direct current (DC) facilities have been placed in alternating current (AC) systems for various reasons. In particular, in Korea, studies are being conducted to install a back-to-back (BTB) voltage-source...
Voltage source converter-based high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) systems integrated into weak AC grids may exhibit oscillation-induced instability, posing significant threats to power system security. With increasing structural complexity and di...
The development and utilization of large-scale offshore wind power (OWP) are critical measures for achieving global energy transition. To address the demands of future large-scale OWP centralized development and transmission, this study systematicall...
Voltage source converter-based high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) has the advantage of fast and independent controllability on active and reactive power. This paper focuses on effects of commonly proposed reactive power control modes, constant re...
This paper presents a power compensation strategy to suppress the double frequency power ripples of Voltage source converter high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) systems under unbalanced grid voltage conditions. The mathematical control equations o...
In recent years, with the continuous growth in China’s economy, the continuous advancement of urbanization and industrialization, the contradiction between rapid economic development and the continuous reduction in traditional fossil energy res...
Interoperable multi-vendor High-Voltage Direct-Current (HVDC) grids are a key enabler for the integration of renewable energy (in particular offshore wind) and its transmission over longer distances to consumers. However, most HVDC systems today are...
This paper addresses the challenge of poor dynamic performance in Modular Multilevel Converter-based High-Voltage Direct Current (MMC-HVDC) systems within weak power grids when conventional control strategies are applied. To enhance system performanc...
In order to improve the simulation speed of the AC/DC hybrid grid, the inductance/capacitance (L/C) switch model for line-commutated converter of high-voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) is presented in this study. The time domain modeling method is us...
The Modular Multilevel Converter High Voltage Direct Current Transmission (MMC-HVDC) technology is considered to be the most feasible choice for high-voltage and high-power transmission systems, and its flexibility and high controllability provide a...
The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources presents significant challenges for power system stability and operation. Accurately assessing renewable energy absorption capacity is essential to ensuring grid reliability while maximizing rene...
The worldwide promotion of carbon-neutral policies is leading to a continuously growing percentage of electricity being derived from renewable energy, which makes it feasible to design power systems composed of 100% renewable energy in the future. Th...
Driven by the environmental benefits associated with reduced greenhouse gas emissions, oil companies have intensified research efforts into reassessing the strategies used to meet the electrical demands of offshore production platforms. Among the var...
The diode-rectifier unit (DRU)-based high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system offers an economical solution for offshore wind power transmission. However, this approach requires offshore wind farms to establish a strong grid voltage. To...
In this paper, we developed the small-signal state-space (SS) model of hybrid multi-terminal high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) systems and fault localization method in a failure situation. The multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) system is composed of two win...
The extensive application of power transfer through high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission links in smart grid scenarios is due to many factors such as high-power transfer efficiency, decoupled interconnection, control of AC networks, reliab...
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