The growing development of new technologies and the evolution of communication devices has led the world’s population to gradually replace traditional writing on paper and pen with digital handwriting. This shift in writing instruments and medi...
Studying the effects of neurodegeneration on handwriting has emerged as an interdisciplinary research topic and has attracted considerable interest from psychologists to neuroscientists and from physicians to computer scientists. The complexity of ha...
Depressive disorders significantly impact individuals worldwide, including children and adolescents. Despite their widespread occurrence, early and precise diagnosis of depressive disorders remains a complex and challenging task, particularly in youn...
Background/Objective: Forensic document examination (FDE) traditionally relies on subjective expert opinion. This preliminary study was designed to develop and validate a hybrid deep learning model (ResNet-50 + bidirectional long short-term memory [B...
Handwriting analysis is playing an important role in user authentication or online writer identification for more than a decade. It has a significant role in different applications such as e-security, signature biometrics, e-health, gesture analysis,...
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. People suffering from PD exhibit motor symptoms that affect the control of upper and lower limb movement. Among daily activities that depend...
Background: Essential tremor (ET) is among the most common neurological disorders, requiring precise diagnosis and severity assessment for personalized and effective management. Methods: This study explores an innovative approach to evaluate ET sever...
Handwriting is a complex task that includes planning the content and the execution of handwriting movements on paper or on a tool (e.g., a tablet). This execution depends on the involvement of specific muscles in the hand (distal) and arm (proximal)....
Machine learning techniques are tailored to build intelligent systems to support clinicians at the point of care. In particular, they can complement standard clinical evaluations for the assessment of early signs and manifestations of Parkinson&rsquo...
Practical determination of physical recovery after intense exercise is a challenging topic that must include mechanical aspects as well as cognitive ones because most of physical sport activities, as well as professional activities (including brain&n...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which accurate and accessible screening approaches remain an important research objective. This study proposes a hybrid meta-classifier framework for handwriting-based AD...
One of the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is abnormal handwriting caused by motor dysfunction. The development of tablet technology opens up opportunities for an effective analysis of the writing process of people suffering from Parkinson...
In contrast to traditional researches that involve a manual, non-quantitative, and subjective way of performing handwriting analysis, in the current research, a special computer-aided method of revised handwriting analysis is used. It includes the de...
Handwriting analysis has recently emerged as a modality for the early identification of learning disabilities, as it can reveal characteristic patterns associated with motor control, spatial planning, and cognitive processing. Nevertheless, most exis...
As the basis of communication, a writer is often identified through their handwriting characteristics. In clinical practice, static elements of handwriting are evaluated and scored, which might be used for subjective judgment in health situations. By...
Background: The analysis of handwriting movements to quantify motor and cognitive impairments in neurodegenerative diseases is increasingly attracting interest. Non-invasive and quick-to-administer tools using handwriting movement analysis can be use...
Parkinson’s disease dysgraphia affects the majority of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and is the result of handwriting abnormalities mainly caused by motor dysfunctions. Several effective approaches to quantitative PD dysgraphia analys...
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) present a significant and growing challenge to the healthcare systems worldwide. Both conditions are progressive and often undetected early, making t...
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor impairments that significantly affect handwriting and fine motor control. Recent advances in artificial intelligence have enabled the non-invasive analysis o...
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the performance of deep learning (DL)-based methods for classifying individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) from handwriting and drawing tasks, following PRISMA guidelines. Google Sch...
Background/Objectives: This study proposes a comprehensive classification framework for the automatic detection of Alzheimer’s disease using handwriting data. An enriched feature space is constructed by combining 18 baseline features extracted...
A series of studies and research have shown the existence of a link between handwriting and a person’s personality traits. There are numerous fields that require a psychological assessment of individuals, where there is a need to determine pers...
Background: Early detection of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is vital for improving patient outcomes, yet traditional diagnostic methods often depend on subjective clinical evaluations. Methods: This study proposes a novel deep learning framework fo...
Document analysis tasks such as pattern recognition, word spotting or segmentation, require comprehensive databases for training and validation. Not only variations in writing style but also the used list of words is of importance in the case that tr...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a persistent neurologic disorder that has no cure. For a successful treatment to be implemented, it is essential to diagnose AD at an early stage, which may occur up to eight years before dementia manifests. In this...
Learning to write is a demanding endeavour that requires a combination of linguistic, motor and cognitive skills. Some children suffer from delay or inability to acquire those skills, which often hampers their performance at school and brings about s...
Background: Handwriting is a complex task that requires the integrity of different sensorimotor components to be performed successfully. Patients with hemophilia suffer from recurrent joint bleeds that may occur in the elbow, causing elbow dysfunctio...
Handwritten signatures retain their legal validity and play a central role in the forensic examination of documents. While it is recognized that signatures can be influenced by contextual and human factors, research on the systematic evaluation of si...
In this paper, we propose a pen device capable of detecting specific features from dynamic handwriting tests for aiding on automatic Parkinson’s disease identification. The method used in this work uses machine learning to compare the raw signa...
The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the quality and speed of handwriting and the process characteristics of the handwriting of children in the second grade of elementary school considered as a function of age and gender....
This work focuses on automatic gender and age prediction tasks from handwritten documents. This problem is of interest in a variety of fields, such as historical document analysis and forensic investigations. The challenge for automatic gender and ag...
Background: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) often experience difficulties with handwriting legibility and speed. This study investigates the relationship between handwriting and upper limb kinematics to characterize movement p...
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are motor side effects commonly induced by antipsychotic medications and can lead to measurable changes in handwriting patterns. These symptoms affect both the spatial and temporal characteristics of writing, including s...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive and motor decline. Early detection remains challenging, as traditional neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessments often fail to capture subtle,...
Data were collected for this study early in the school year to analyze the direct and indirect effects of word-level literacy skills (word recognition, spelling, and written vocabulary use) and handwriting fluency on writing quality across three genr...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that impairs motor function, including the fine motor control required for handwriting. Traditional diagnostic methods often lack sensitivity and objectivity in the early stag...
Handwriting is a complex perceptual motor task that requires years of training and practice before complete mastery. Its acquisition is crucial, since handwriting is the basis, together with reading, of the acquisition of higher-level skills such as...
This paper deals with biometric identification based on unique patterns and characteristics of an individual’s handwriting, focusing on the dynamic writing process on a touchscreen device. Related work in this domain indicates the dominance of...
Handwriting style is an important aspect affecting the quality of handwriting. Adhering to one style is crucial for languages that follow cursive orthography and possess multiple handwriting styles, such as Arabic. The majority of available studies a...
Using biometric data for user authentication is a frequently addressed subject within the context of computer security. Despite significant advancements in technology, handwriting analysis continues to be the most common method of identifying individ...
Chinese language practice, especially handwriting and typewriting practice, has always been a key method for mastering Chinese in Chinese L2 learning. However, current research on blended practice modalities that combine handwriting and typewriting r...
This secondary analysis explores differences and correlations between handwriting anticipatory awareness (time estimation, expected performance, and expected difficulty) before a paragraph copying task and actual performance time and legibility among...
Dysgraphia is a neurodevelopmental disorder specific to handwriting. Classical diagnosis is based on the evaluation of speed and quality of the final handwritten text: it is therefore delayed as it is conducted only when handwriting is mastered, in a...
Traditional evaluations of handwriting assistive devices have primarily relied on user satisfaction surveys. While recent advancements in computer technologies and digital devices have enabled more objective evaluations, these methods often lack comp...
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) has transitioned from a rare condition in 1817 to the fastest-growing neurological disorder globally. The significant increase in cases from 2.5 million in 1990 to 6.1 million in 2016, coupled with predictio...
Individuals with Parkinson’s disease often face legal disputes over documents signed before the ongoing disease, since fine motor skill changes can lead to alterations in handwriting. Generally, rehabilitation programs focus on mobility in the...
7th CiiEM International Congress 2025—Empowering One Health to Reduce Social Vulnerabilities
)Parkinson’s disease (PD) Dysgraphia is a disorder that affects most PD patients and is characterized by handwriting anomalies caused mostly by motor dysfunctions. Several effective ways to quantify PD dysgraphia analysis have been used, includi...
Recent studies have highlighted the possibility of using surface electromyographic (EMG) signals to develop human–computer interfaces that are also able to recognize complex motor tasks involving the hand as the handwriting of digits. However,...
Recent diffusion models can synthesize handwriting images with sufficient visual fidelity to challenge both human examiners and automated forensic systems, thereby undermining the reliability of document authentication. Existing spatial-domain detect...
In this study, the original Handwriting Proficiency Screening Questionnaire (HPSQ) was translated into Thai and cross-culturally adapted for use among school-aged children in Thailand. Additionally, the initial psychometric properties of the new Thai...
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