Geographic data are the foundation of geographic model construction, and any stage of their acquisition, processing, and analysis may have an impact on the efficiency and quality of geographic modeling and simulation. With the advent of the era of bi...
Vector geographic data play an important role in location information services. Digital watermarking has been widely used in protecting vector geographic data from being easily duplicated by digital forensics. Because the production and application o...
One of the key concerns in geographic modeling is the preparation of input data that are sufficient and appropriate for models. This requires considerable time, effort, and expertise since geographic models and their application contexts are complex...
The visualization of geographic vector data is an important premise for spatial analysis and spatial cognition. Traditional geographic vector data visualization methods are data-driven, and their computational costs have increased rapidly with the gr...
30 December 2020
Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounte...
This article falls within the related areas of climate services and geographic information. We present the architecture and features of the Data and Knowledge Platform (DKP), innovative geographic software that was designed as support for climate-ser...
Projection transformation is an important part of geographic analysis in geographic information systems, which are particularly common for vector geographic data. However, achieving resistance to projection transformation attacks on watermarking for...
Driving behavior analysis has become crucial for traffic safety. In addition, more abundant driving data are needed to analyze driving behavior more comprehensively and thus improve traffic safety. This paper proposes an approach to image data extrac...
The objective of this work is to build a Volunteered Geographic Information System (VGIS) using a methodological design process. The VGIS design focuses on coordinating its three main components—project (organization), participants (community), and t...
Zero watermarking is an important part of copyright protection of vector geographic data. However, how to improve the robustness of zero watermarking is still a critical challenge, especially in resisting attacks with significant distortion. We propo...
4 December 2018
This research presents a pilot study to develop and compare methods of geographic imputation for estimating the location of missing activity space data collected using geographic ecological momentary assessment (GEMA). As a demonstration, we use data...
To address the variability and complexity of attack types, this paper proposes a multi-instance zero-watermarking algorithm that goes beyond the conventional one-to-one watermarking approach. Inspired by the class-instance paradigm in object-oriented...
Multiple digital watermarking is an important and challenging task in geographic information science and data security. Vector geographic data are a basic data format for digital geographic data storage, and the security protection of these data invo...
Over the last decade, volunteered geographic information (VGI) has become established as one of the most relevant geographic data sources in terms of worldwide coverage, representation of local knowledge and open data policies. Beside the data itself...
Earth observation data serve as a fundamental resource in Earth system science. The rapid advancement of remote sensing and in situ measurement technologies has led to the generation of massive volumes of data, accompanied by a growing body of geogra...
Crowdsourced data (CSD) generated by citizens is becoming more popular as its potential utilization in many applications increases due to its currency and availability. However, the quality of CSD, including its relevance, is often questioned as the...
Symmetry-breaking in security mechanisms can create vulnerabilities which attackers may exploit to gain unauthorized access or cause data leakage, ultimately compromising the integrity and security of vector geographic data. How to achieve tamper loc...
Residents’ activity space reflects multiple aspects of human life related to space, time, and type of activity. How to measure the activity space at multiple geographic scales remains a problem to be solved. Recently, the emergence of big data...
The increasing availability of sensor devices has resulted in important volumes of sensor data, which has raised the issue of making these data fully discoverable and interpretable by applications and end-users. The idea of OGC Sensor Web Enablement...
The benefits brought by the integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are being proved by more and more research. The integration of the two systems is difficult for many reasons. Among them, data in...
The layout and site selection strategy of commercial facilities are crucial for both enterprise performance and market image, while also significantly impacting the overall planning of urban commercial environments. However, conventional methods of c...
Vector geographic data require strict preservation of coordinate precision and topological integrity. However, their open transmission poses simultaneous challenges for copyright protection and data security. To address these issues, this study propo...
Understanding and quantifying urban expansion is critical to urban management and urban planning. The accurate delineation of built-up areas (BUAs) is the foundation for quantifying urban expansion. To quantify urban expansion simply and efficiently,...
Traditional frequency-domain watermarking algorithms for vector geographic data suffer from disadvantages such as the random watermark embedding position, unpredictable embedding strength, and difficulty in resisting multiple attacks at the same time...
Volunteered geographic information (VGI) has been heralded as a promising new data source for urban planning and policymaking. However, there are also concerns surrounding uneven levels of participation and spatial coverage, despite the promotion of...
Providing descriptions of isolated sensors and sensor networks in natural language, understandable by the general public, is useful to help users find relevant sensors and analyze sensor data. In this paper, we discuss the feasibility of using geogra...
This study introduces a novel approach to urban public safety analysis inspired by a streetscape analysis commonly applied in urban criminology, leveraging the concept of micro-geographical units to account for urban spatial heterogeneity. Recognizin...
As the world is digitizing fast, the increase in Big and Small Data offers opportunities to enrich official statistics for reporting on Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). However, survey data coming from an increased number of organizations (Small...
Using geographic information system (GIS) tools and data-mining models, this study analyzed the relationships between flood areas and correlated hydrological factors to map the regional flood susceptibility of the Seoul metropolitan area in South Kor...
With large-scale urban demolition, the spatial pattern of the urban area in many cities has been destroyed, leading to the loss of urban regional identity; therefore, these urban spaces need to be urgently studied and protected. Previous studies on t...
Existing concepts and frameworks of soundscapes focus on the analysis and description of the sound source but do not explore geographical environment parameters and receiver characteristics in the geographical scene. Existing soundscape data models i...
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis has been applied in order to investigate metabolomic profiles of more than 200 extravirgin olive oils (EVOOs) collected in a period of over four years (2009–2012) fro...
People share data in different ways. Many of them contribute on a voluntary basis, while others are unaware of their contribution. They have differing intentions, collaborate in different ways, and they contribute data about differing aspects. Shared...
Volunteer-contributed geographic data (VGI) is an important source of geospatial big data that support research and applications. A major concern on VGI data quality is that the underlying observation processes are inherently biased. Detecting observ...
This study proposes a two-dimensional analytical framework based on urban spatial form and spatial service perspectives, utilizing data on buildings and points of interest (POIs). It integrates fishnet analysis, kernel density analysis, the categoriz...
This paper presents a collective sensing approach that integrates imperfect Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) obtained through Citizen Science (CS) tree mapping projects with very high resolution (VHR) optical remotely sensed data for low-cost...
NZCCs aim to minimise urban carbon emissions for healthier cities in line with national and international low-carbon targets and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Many countries have recently adopted Net-Zero Carbon City (NZCC) policies and strat...
The existence of dietary inequalities is well-known. Dietary behaviours are impacted by the food environment and are thus likely to follow a spatial pattern. Using 12 months of transaction records for around 50,000 ‘primary’ supermarket l...
Sample supervised image analysis, in particular sample supervised segment generation, shows promise as a methodological avenue applicable within Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA). Segmentation is acknowledged as a constituent component...
Concentrating on geographically hierarchical data structures and using large-scale satisfaction survey data in Nanjing, this study employs Bayesian spatial multilevel model (MLM) to evaluate Nanjing’s perceived sustainable urbanization. In this...
The evaluation of community livability quantifies the demands of human settlement at the micro scale, supporting urban governance decision-making at the macro scale. Big data generated by the urban management of government agencies can provide an acc...
Understanding correctly the factors influencing the urban thermal environment is a prerequisite and basis for formulating heat-island-effect mitigation policies and studying urban ecological issues. The rapid urbanization process has led to the gradu...
Species recognition is a crucial part of understanding the abundance and distribution of various organisms and is important for biodiversity conservation and management. Traditional vision-based deep learning-driven species recognition requires large...
As the world has become increasingly digitalized in recent years, high-dimensional data with geographical location coordinate attributes, mainly referring to latitude and longitude, have been accumulated and spread to many disciplines. It is challeng...
To address problems in remote sensing image change detection, this study proposes a method for identifying spurious changes based on an eco-geographical zoning knowledge base and crowdsourced data mining. After preliminary change detection using the...
It is becoming increasingly difficult to properly control the power consumption of widely dispersed data centers. Energy consumption is high because of the need to run these data centers (DCs) that handle incoming user requests. The rising cost of el...
Self-supervised representation learning (SSRL) concerns the problem of learning a useful data representation without the requirement for labelled or annotated data. This representation can, in turn, be used to support solutions to downstream machine...
Geography Mark-up Language (GML) is the geographic information coding specification based on the Extensible Markup Language (XML) technology, which was developed by the Open GIS Consortium (OGC). GML expresses spatial and non-spatial attributes of ge...
Geographic information collection platforms are widely used for acquiring geographic information. However, existing geographic information collection platforms have limited adaptability and configurability, negatively affecting their usability. They...
Remote sensing images of nighttime lights (NTL) were successfully used at global and regional scales for various applications, including studies on population, politics, economics, and environmental protection. The Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partn...
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