Anaerobic digestion of animal manure is a potential bioenergy resource that avoids greenhouse gas emissions. However, the conventional approach is to use continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) with hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of greater than...
Traditional designs often ignore the effect of catalyst particle shape, which suffers from capturing detailed local flow hydrodynamics, mass transport and reaction behaviors, and further significantly affects reactor phenomena. This study aims to per...
The present study assesses, using a theoretical approach, the performances of two widely used fixed-bed reactors for the ethanol-to-butadiene (ETB) one-stage (Lebedev) process: multibed adiabatic reactors (MBAR) with inter-bed heating and a multitubu...
This manuscript presents a simplified method of modeling fixed-bed reactors based on the porous medium. The proposed method primarily allows the necessity of precisely mapping the internal structure of the bed—which usually is done using real object...
The theoretical model for a packed porous catalytic particle of the slab, cylindrical, and spherical geometries shape in fixed-bed electrochemical reactors is discussed. These particles have internal mass concentration and temperature gradients in en...
Process intensification of catalytic fixed-bed reactors is of vital interest and can be conducted on different length scales, ranging from the molecular scale to the pellet scale to the plant scale. Particle-resolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD...
Pyrolysis is one of the most popular methods for the thermal conversion of biomass-derived materials, which can be applied to produce valuable products such as biochar, bio-oil, and pyrolysis gas. However, this does not change the need for more preci...
A specific finger-projected fixed-bed reactor (FPFBR) was designed to efficiently utilize magnetic nanoparticles (MnFe2O4/Bi-MnFe2O4) for a model reaction (hydrogenation of a greenhouse gas, CO2, to valuable products: VPs). Coprecipitation method, wi...
Low-cost iron-based CO2 hydrogenation catalysts have shown promise as a viable route to the production of value-added hydrocarbon building blocks. It is envisioned that these hydrocarbons will be used to augment industrial chemical processes and prod...
We investigated the feasibility of producing biogas in a fixed-bed anaerobic reactor at 4 °C with a gradual increase in organic loading rate (OLR). Reactor efficiency was highest when OLR was 4.33 kg/m3·d, whereas the reactor acidification...
This paper presents the results of investigations on the pyrolysis of tyre waste in a laboratory fixed-bed batch reactor. The results regarding the influence of either the reaction temperature (425, 450, 475, and 500 °C) and the flow of the inert...
A 1D heterogeneous reactor model accounting for interfacial and intra-particle gradients was developed to simulate the dehydration of 2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BDO) to 1,3-Butadiene (1,3-BD) and Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) over an amorphous calcium phosphate...
To determine the effects of a gradual temperature decrease on reactor performance and the microbial community, four fixed-bed reactors that were packed with a biofilm carrier were operated for 217 days. The temperature of the reactors was decreased f...
Using a Ca(OH)2/CaO thermochemical heat storage system is an effective way to promote the utilization of renewable energy. However, poor thermal conductivity restricts the application of a widely used fixed-bed reactor. To improve the heat storage ra...
In this study, we develop physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to solve an isothermal fixed-bed (IFB) model for catalytic CO2 methanation. The PINN includes a feed-forward artificial neural network (FF-ANN) and physics-informed constraints, such...
This paper presents the results of investigations into the pyrolysis of waste polypropylene in a laboratory fixed-bed batch reactor. The experiments were designed and verified in such a way as to allow the application of the response surface methodol...
Currently, most plastic waste stems from packaging materials, with a large proportion of this waste either discarded by incineration or used to derive fuel. Accordingly, there is growing interest in the use of pyrolysis to chemically recycle non-recy...
This paper describes the importance of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as a tool for the design, analysis, and optimization of the different sections of catalytic hydrotreating (HDT) reactors. This paper describes the genesis and evolution of CFD,...
Pyrolysis is a low-emission and sustainable thermochemical technique used in the production of biofuels, which can be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. Understanding the kinetic characterization of biomass pyrolysis is essential for process ups...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability of zeolite Y as a catalyst for producing bisphenol F (BPF) from phenol and formaldehyde. Catalyst extrudates were prepared by extrusion after adding pseudoboehmite sol (PS) and Ludox (Lu)...
The development of cost-efficient and environmentally friendly technologies for the removal of cyanotoxins from water is crucial, given the increasingly frequent appearance of toxic cyanobacterial blooms. In this work, the application of catalytic we...
A multiscale 3D CFD model of CO2 methanation over Ni/Al2O3 was developed in COMSOL Multiphysics 6.3 for a lab-scale isothermal fixed-bed Sabatier reactor and validated against published data. The multiscale approach integrated bulk convection–d...
This work studied the removal of phenol from industrial effluents through catalytic ozonation in the presence of granular activated carbon in a continuous fixed-bed reactor. Phenol was chosen as model pollutant because of its environmental impact and...
In this paper, the interaction between caking bituminous coal (HC) and two types of biomass, namely sunflower husks (SFHs) and walnut shells (WSs), was studied via lab-scale fixed-bed reactor experiments and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The dyna...
The hydrogen production from ammonia decomposition on commercial 5 wt.% Ru/C (C: activated carbon) catalyst with different cesium (Cs) loadings at lower temperatures of 325–400 °C in the fixed-bed reactor was experimentally investigated. Based on the...
In spite of the rapid developments in synthesis methodologies in different fields, the traditional methods are still used for the synthesis of organic compounds, and regardless of the type of chemistry, these reactions are typically performed in stan...
Fixed bed reactors play an important role in converting solid wastes to high-quality products. The solid wastes, as well as the corresponding catalysts, are often made into cylindrical particles. However, research on the drag force for cylindrical pa...
Fixed bed reactors are widely used in the chemical, nuclear and process industry. Due to the solid particle arrangement and its resulting non-homogeneous radial void fraction distribution, the heat transfer of this reactor type is inhibited, especial...
This study investigates a continuous deoxygenation of bio-oil vapor in a catalytic fixed-bed reactor coupled to a continuous drop tube reactor (DTR) for biomass pyrolysis. Beech wood pyrolysis was initially examined without catalysts at various tempe...
In this work, the pyrolysis process and the characteristics of biochar produced using a bench-scale fixed-bed reactor and a prototype-scale auger reactor were studied. Residual forest biomass (RFB) from acacia, broom, gorse, and giant reed was used a...
This paper represents a detailed techno-economic analysis of a typical commercial-scale catalytic decarboxylation process of naphthenic acids over HZSM-5 zeolite. Simulation of the process has been performed in ASPEN Plus®. The performance of the...
Experimental and simulation-based investigations are carried out for the selective oxidation of green methanol to the oxygenates dimethoxymethane (DMM) and methyl formate (MF), including an initial catalyst screening, the derivation of a reaction kin...
The hydrogen peroxide-immobilized commercial catalase system was chosen to estimate the optimal feed temperature (OFT) for fixed-bed reactor (FXBR). This feed temperature was obtained based on analytical solution by maximizing the time-averaged subst...
A common reactor type in the chemical and process industry is the fixed-bed reactor. Accurate modeling can be achieved with particle-resolved computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations. However, the underlying bed morphology plays a paramount role...
Inhibiting homoacetogens is one of the main challenges in fermentative hydrogen production because these hydrogen consumers have similar growth features to hydrogen producers. Homoacetogens have been related to the excessive accumulation of biomass i...
In this work, a reliable kinetic reaction mechanism was revised to accurately reproduce the detailed reaction paths of steam reforming of methane over a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst. A steady-state fixed-bed reactor experiment and a 1D reactor catalyst model we...
This paper reports the results of a study on the significance of the inertization system configuration of a laboratory-scale fixed bed batch reactor with regard to the yield of pyrolysis oil and reactor conversion. Two typical reactor inertization sy...
Polygalacturonases (PG) are pectinolytic enzymes that have technological, functional and biological applications in food processing, fruit ripening and plant-fungus interactions, respectively. In the present, a microtitre plate methodology was used f...
The β-galactosidase from Bacillus circulans was covalently attached to aldehyde-activated (glyoxal) agarose beads and assayed for the continuous production of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) in a packed-bed reactor (PBR). The immobilization was fast (1...
This paper presents a comprehensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for describing the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) carried out in fixed-bed reactors for olefin production. Initially, a single pellet model was developed and implemente...
In the process of preparing biodiesel using microreactors, cosolvents and homogeneous catalysts are generally used, which adds to the separation cost. Hence, this study explored the use of an opposite-side feed micro-fixed-bed reactor with an inner d...
The one-dimensional (1D) mathematical model of fixed bed reactor was developed for dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis at pilot-scale (capacity: 25–28 Nm3/h of syngas). The reaction rate, heat, and mass transfer equations were correlated with the ef...
This paper deals with the proposition of a kinetic model for the direct synthesis of DME via CO2 hydrogenation in view of the necessary optimization of the catalytic system, reactor design, and process strategy. Despite the fact that DME synthesis is...
Herein, a preparation of a mixed-phase titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin layer on glass beads was developed using the modified spray method. This approach was determined to be affordable and easy to operate. Optimum conditions were investigated for the ph...
Selenate removal in drinking water is being vigorously debated due to the various health issues concerned. As a viable treatment option, this study investigated a fixed-bed biofilm reactor (FBBR) with internal recycling. The experimental design teste...
With the rapid growth of the global population, increasing per capita energy demands, and waste generation, the need for innovative strategies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and effective waste management has become paramount. Pyrolysis, a ther...
Catalytic tar removal is one of the main challenges restricting the successful commercialization of biomass gasification. Hot gas cleaning using a heterogeneous catalyst is one of the methods used to remove tar. In order to economically remove tar, a...
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a very promising component for bio-based plastics. Efficient synthesis of HMF from biomass is still challenging because of fast degradation of HMF to by-products under formation conditions. Therefore, different studie...
Eight different pellets (one woody and seven blends of woody and herbaceous biomass) produced by an agro-industry were tested in a fixed-bed reactor to characterize their behaviour during their combustion process. The objective was to analyze the pos...
EFB is a biomass waste primarily generated in Southeast Asia, and its pyrolysis enables both waste management and conversion into valuable products. In pyrolysis, the heating rate is a crucial factor; however, studies on its influence on EFB are extr...
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