2,511 Results Found

Rapid urbanization across the world has led to an exponential increase in demand for utilities, electricity, gas and water. The building infrastructure sector is one of the largest global consumers of electricity and thereby one of the largest emitte...

The ERTMS/ETCS is the newest automatic train protection system. This is a system that supports the driver in driving the train. It is currently being implemented throughout the European Union. This system’s latest specifications also provide ad...

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the accuracy of location information is vital to support many interesting applications. Unfortunately, sensors have difficulty in estimating their location when malicious sensors attack the location estimation proc...

The security of cryptographic protocols has always been an important issue. Although there are various verification schemes of protocols in the literature, efficiently and accurately verifying cryptographic protocols is still a challenging research t...

By leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technology, patients can utilize medical devices to upload their collected personal health records (PHRs) to the cloud for analytical processing or transmission to doctors, which embodies smart health systems an...

Discrete Event System Specification (DEVS) is a formalism widely used for modeling and simulating complex systems. The main features of DEVS are defining models in a strict mathematical form and representing systems through hierarchical structures. H...

With the rapid development of cloud storage and cloud computing technology, users tend to store data in the cloud for more convenient services. In order to ensure the integrity of cloud data, scholars have proposed cloud data integrity verification s...

This paper investigated the effect of automation processes in an industrial company engineering complex cyber-physical systems. The authors used an industry-as-laboratory approach as the research method, exploring an ongoing development project. The...

Accurate orientation is required for the applications of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) images. In this study, an integrated Structure from Motion (SfM) solution is proposed, which aims to address three issues to ensure the efficient and reliable orie...

Speaker verification (SV) is an exceptionally effective method of biometric authentication. However, its performance is heavily influenced by the effectiveness of the extracted speaker features and their suitability for use in resource-limited enviro...

In the last decade, face-recognition and -verification methods based on deep learning have increasingly used deeper and more complex architectures to obtain state-of-the-art (SOTA) accuracy. Hence, these architectures are limited to powerful devices...

This study addresses a critical challenge in modern blockchain systems: the excessive size of Merkle proofs in state verification, which significantly impacts scalability and efficiency. As highlighted by Ethereum’s founder, Vitalik Buterin, cu...

This study presents a series of structured and adaptive processes aimed at tracking and verifying transactions recorded on the blockchain. Permissioned blockchains are employed across diverse enterprises for various purposes, including data recording...

Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) concepts have emerged as a means for reviewing and ensuring the effectiveness of energy efficiency measures (EEMs) in smart buildings. Nevertheless, high technological and regulatory demands imposed by th...

Under the current administrative system (AS) in China, the water resources governor allocates limited water resources to several users to realize the utility of water resources, leading to a principal–agent problem. The governor (referred to as the p...

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set a goal to reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping by or around 2050. The ship energy efficiency framework has played a positive role over the past decade in improving c...

In order for mathematical models to make credible contributions, it is essential for them to be verified and validated. Currently, verification and validation (V&V) of these models does not meet the expectations of the system biology and systems...

The Internet of Things environment (e.g., smart phones, smart televisions, and smart watches) ensures that the end user experience is easy, by connecting lives on web services via the internet. Integrating Internet of Things devices poses ethical ris...

Measurement and Verification (M&V) aims to quantify savings achieved as part of energy efficiency and energy management projects. M&V depends heavily on metered energy data, modelling parameters and uncertainties that govern the energy system...

With the advent of the big data era, cloud data storage and retrieval have become popular for efficient data management in large companies and organizations, thus they can enjoy the on-demand high-quality cloud storage service. Meanwhile, for securit...

Digital integrated circuits play an important role in the development of new information technologies and support Industry 4.0 from a hardware point of view. There is great pressure on electronics companies to reduce the time-to-market for product de...

Symmetric cryptographic schemes such as RSA and ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm), used for digital signatures in protocols like TLS, DTLS, and secure messaging, are computationally intensive. This makes them unsuitable for constrain...

Under the context of the dual-carbon policy, reducing energy consumption and emissions in automobiles has garnered significant attention, with automotive lightweighting being particularly important. This paper focuses on the lightweight design of aut...

Face-swap-attacks (FSAs) are a new threat to face recognition systems. FSAs are essentially imperceptible replay-attacks using an injection device and generative networks. By placing the device between the camera and computer device, attackers can pr...

Wireless sensor networks are supplied with limited energy resources and are usually installed in unattended and unfriendly environments. These networks are also highly exposed to security attacks aimed at draining the energy of the network to render...

Cognitive Application Program Interface (API) is an API of emerging artificial intelligence (AI)-based cloud services, which extracts various contextual information from non-numerical multimedia data including image and audio. Our interest is to appl...

The integrity of real-time data streams has not been solved for a long time and has gradually become a difficult problem in the field of data security. Most of the current data integrity verification schemes are constructed using cryptographic algori...

A direct charge nuclear battery, or DCNB, is one of the nuclear batteries based on direct energy conversion and is characterized by exceptional high voltage generation and conversion efficiency higher than other nuclear batteries. For studying potent...

Small urban catchments pose challenges in applying performance metrics when comparing measured and simulated hydrographs. Indeed, results are hampered by the short peak flows, due to rainfall variability and measurement synchronization errors, and it...

Castor (Ricinus communis) seeds are rich in a type of hydroxy fatty acid called ricinoleic acid, which is in high demand for the production of plant-based plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic oils. However, the high content of ricin, a toxic protein,...

Green innovation efficiency is the symbol of competitiveness; sustainable development is an important way to enhance social and economic development comprehensively. By deeply understanding the coordination development law and facilitating the develo...

Tooth coil winding machines offer a low cost manufacturing process, high efficiency and high power density, making these attractive for traction applications. Using direct oil cooling in combination with tooth coil windings is an effective way of rea...

For avoiding the occurrence of large-scale blackouts due to disconnected nodes in the power grid, a modified PageRank algorithm is proposed to identify key nodes by integrating the topological information and node type. The node betweenness index is...

Increased efforts toward climate change mitigation and achieving net zero (NZ) are occurring globally. This research addresses three challenges to meeting the target NZ goals: (1) quantifying energy use reduction approaches, including energy efficien...

Purely electric sweepers are widely used in the urban sanitation industry due to their emission-free nature and ease of miniaturisation. The dust suction port is the key to the dust suction system of the sweeper, and improving the design level of the...

This article analyses the reduction of energy consumption following the installation of district heating (DH) in the Miguel Delibes campus at the University of Valladolid (Spain), in terms of historical consumption and climate variables data. In orde...

The housing sector is one of the largest energy consumers in the world. There is an urgent need to renovate the housing stock of existing buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly calculate the energy savings that can be obtained in a renova...

A collection of twelve papers published in Energies, in a Special Issue on “Building Energy Audits-Diagnosis and Retrofitting”, was bound together and published in 2021, focusing on the built environment. The aim was to systematically col...

Sedentary behaviors, including poor postures, are significantly detrimental to health, particularly for individuals losing motion ability. This study presents a posture detection system utilizing four force-sensitive resistors (FSRs) and two triaxial...

With the rapid development of geo-positioning technologies, location-based services have become increasingly widespread. In the field of location-based services, range queries on geographical data have emerged as an important research topic, attracti...

The paper proposes applying an in-house mathematical model of a liquid flat-plate solar collector to calculate the collector time constant. The described model, proposed for the first time in an earlier study, is a one-dimensional distributed paramet...

Background/Objectives: Hybridity authentication is an important component of quality assurance and control (QA/QC) in breeding programs. Here, we introduce HybridQC v1.0, a QA/QC software program specially designed for parental purity and hybridity d...

A wireless monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) is presented to provide fatigue data of wind turbine blades in operation. The system comprises three subsystems, each respectively providing the following functions: (i) the...

The Chinese petrochemical industry is facing pressure to meet strict targets of energy consumption and carbon emission reductions. Water pumps are the primary equipment used in most chemical and agrochemical industries sectors since water is commonly...

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have gained considerable attention for their expressive capabilities, but unfortunately they have serious robustness risks. Formal verification is an important technique to ensure network reliability. However, current veri...

The growing complexity and size of integrated circuits has made functional verification a huge challenge. As the control center of integrated circuit hardware design, any design errors in the Instruction Pipeline Control Unit (IPCU) will put the enti...

Climate change and fossil fuel depletion foster interest in improving energy efficiency in buildings. There are different methods to achieve improved efficiency; one of them is the use of additives, such as phase change materials (PCMs). To prove thi...

The best spatial design condition to satisfy the occupancy needs of amenity and efficiency is determined through analyzing the spatial design adequacy (SDA). In this study, the relationship between the space design elements and space on future occupa...

In highly mobile workplaces, wearable walking-assistant devices reduce muscle fatigue in workers’ lower extremities and increase energy efficiency. In our study, we verify this following the development of an ultralight wearable hip exoskeleton...

With the rapid development of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), the demand for secure and efficient signature verification is becoming increasingly urgent. To meet this need, we propose an efficient SM9 aggregate signature scheme implemented on Field-P...