27 February 2021
Decision-making is a central skill of basketball players intending to excel individually and contribute to their teams’ success. The assessment of such skills is particularly challenging in complex team sports. To address this challenge, this study a...
When making decisions under uncertainty, people in all walks of life, including highly trained medical professionals, tend to resort to using ‘mental shortcuts’, or heuristics. Anchoring-and-adjustment (AAA) is a well-known heuristic in w...
Background: Recently, neoadjuvant therapy and the succeeding surgery for advanced esophageal cancer have been evaluated. In particular, the response to the therapy has been found to affect surgical outcomes, and thus a precise evaluation of treatment...
18 January 2023
In diagnostic accuracy studies, the test of interest is typically applied only once in each patient. This paper illustrates some possibilities that arise when diagnoses are carried out by a sufficiently large number of multiple raters. In a dental st...
Objectives: This study aimed to systematically compare the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) for deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) and to evaluate their impact on surgical decision-making....
Modern healthcare systems are increasingly organized according to diagnosis-specific clinical pathways and treatment protocols. At the same time, the number of patients with complex problems and needs that do not fit the single-diagnosis approach is...
Decision making consists of gathering quality data in order to correctly assess a situation and determine the best course of action. This process is a fundamental part of medicine and is what enables practitioners to accurately diagnose diseases and...
Background: Early diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) is crucial to avoid loss of vision, but detailed headache characteristics of GCA have been poorly studied. Clinical prediction rules have shown promise in guiding management decisions in suspe...
Background: An early treatment start with disease modifying therapies (DMT) and long-term adherence is crucial in the treatment of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) to prevent future disability. Objectives: To gain information on the diagnostic p...
Background: Current recommendations define a structured diagnostic process, transparent information, and psychosocial support by a specialized, multi-professional team as central in the care for children and adolescents with genital variations and a...
Background: The application of large language model (LLM) in surgical decision-making is rapidly expanding, yet its potential in hand and peripheral nerve surgery remains largely unexplored. This study assessed the diagnostic and therapeutic performa...
The current diagnostic aids for acute vision loss are static flowcharts that do not provide dynamic, stepwise workups. We tested the diagnostic accuracy of a novel dynamic Bayesian algorithm for acute vision loss. Seventy-nine “participants&rdq...
Genetic testing is increasingly part of routine clinical care. However, testing decisions may be characterized by regret as findings also implicate blood relatives. It is not known if genetic testing decisions are affected by the way information is p...
Each year, many neonates are born with genetic diagnoses that carry a range of prognoses. As the types and availability of genetic testing have expanded, neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) have served as “launching points” for their cl...
This literature review explores the role of symmetry in thermal sciences, fluid dynamics, and energy applications, emphasizing the theoretical and practical implications. Symmetry is a fundamental tool for simplifying complex problems, enhancing comp...
Background: The effective use of electronic health records (EHRs) is an essential clinical skill, but medical schools have traditionally provided limited systematic teaching on the topic. Inefficient use of EHRs results in delays in diagnosis, fragme...
23 May 2020
Most developed countries already have high-quality in vitro diagnostic (IVD) techniques for diseases, but developing countries often do not have access to these technologies and cannot afford them. Enabling firms to leverage external resources to opt...
An intense level of academic pressure causes students to experience stress, and if this stress is not addressed, it can cause adverse mental and physical effects. Since the pandemic situation, students have received more assignments and other tasks d...
Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions are critical to reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in primary care and mitigating antimicrobial resistance (AMR). While interventi...
Early detection and accurate prediction of the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) are essential for effective prevention and management. This systematic review aims to assess the performance and applicability of machine learning algorithms in ECC p...
The research refers to the modeling of the meaningful and relatively stable visual-figurative and verbal-sign representation of real problems in medical diagnostics of the human organs and systems. The core results of the research are presented. Here...
Ten years after completion of the Human Genome Project, progress towards making “personalized medicine” a reality has been slower than expected. The reason is twofold. Firstly, the science is more difficult than expected. Secondly, limited progress h...
Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) cause a range of impairments in coordination, such as a spectrum of walking impairments ranging from mild gait imbalance to complete loss of mobility. Patients with CVA need personalized approaches tailored to their de...
Diagnostic errors have been a critical concern in healthcare, leading to substantial financial burdens and serious threats to patient safety. The Improving Diagnosis in Health Care report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medici...
In today’s high-stakes arenas—from healthcare to defense—algorithms are advancing at an unprecedented pace, yet they still lack a crucial element of human decision-making: an instinctive caution that helps prevent harm. Inspired by...
The value of gadoxetic acid in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), based on perfusion criteria, is under dispute. This post-hoc analysis of the prospective, phase II, randomized, controlled SORAMIC study compared the accuracy of gadoxeti...
Historical timber roofs play a significant role in architectural heritage, as listed in the World Heritage List protected by UNESCO. Despite their complexity, they are frequently lacking in maintenance, with the consequence that only a few original e...
This study aimed to analyse clinical and laboratory findings in primary care patients with respiratory tract infections to distinguish the group more likely to receive antibiotic treatment. The study group consisted of 631 patients (264 males; 367 fe...
In recent decades, the increased use of sensor technologies, as well as the increase in digitalisation of aircraft sustainment and operations, have enabled capabilities to detect, diagnose, and predict the health of aircraft structures, systems, and...
The liver is one of the most common locations for incidental findings during abdominal CT scans. There are multiple types of disease that can arise within the liver and many of them are nodular. The ultimate goal of our research is to develop an expe...
As healthcare systems around the world face challenges such as escalating costs, limited access, and growing demand for personalized care, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a key force for transformation. This review is motivated by the urg...
Introduction: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a prevalent neuropathy requiring accurate, non-invasive diagnostics to minimize patient burden. This study evaluates the New Energy Vision (NEV) camera, an RGB-based multispectral imaging tool, to detect...
Background/Objectives: Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) are complex, heterogeneous, and relapsing–remitting conditions in which early diagnosis, flare prediction, and individualized therapy remain major unmet needs. This review aims to syn...
Health economics is a discipline of economics applied to health care. One method used in health economics is decision tree modelling, which extrapolates the cost and effectiveness of competing interventions over time. Such decision tree models are th...
Diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making in pregnancy with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) is challenging. European and other international professional societies have proposed various recommendations that are ambiguous, probably due to the unava...
Introduction: The integration of clinical inspection and diagnostic imaging forms the basis for endodontic diagnosis, decision making, treatment planning, and outcome assessments. In recent years, CBCT imaging has become a common diagnostic tool in e...
Small veterinary practice is experiencing steady improvement in diagnostics and therapies which enable veterinarians to offer evermore advanced medical care for their patients. This focus group study of veterinarians (n = 32) examined the impact of t...
Background: Diagnostic delay and error represent pervasive problems in healthcare with grave implications for treatment and prognosis. Though characteristic of human cognition, cognitive biases commonly contribute to delays in the physician decision-...
While having or raising a child with a neurodivergence can be rewarding and life-enhancing, a diagnosis may trigger stress as people adapt to and navigate a new “assumptive world”. The purpose of this paper is to draw on the Attention Def...
Screening and diagnostic tests are used to classify people with and without a disease. Diagnostic accuracy measures are used to evaluate the correctness of a classification in clinical research and practice. Although this depends on the uncertainty o...
Screening and diagnostic tests are applied for the classification of people into diseased and non-diseased populations. Although diagnostic accuracy measures are used to evaluate the correctness of classification in clinical research and practice, th...
Data visualization has empowered analyzing, exploring, and communicating data effectively. It has been widely adopted across diverse disciplines. However, research indicates that data visualization in education is mainly favored in distance learning...
Fetal cardiology has evolved over the last 40 years and changed the timing of diagnosis and counseling of congenital heart disease, decision-making, planning for treatment at birth, and predicting future surgery from the postnatal to the prenatal per...
The aim of our prospective study was to evaluate the clinical impact of hybrid [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging ([18F]-FDG PET/MRI) on the decision workflow of epileptic patients with discordant electro...
This editorial of the Special Issue “Prostate Cancer: Recent Advances in Diagnostics and Treatment Planning” aims to draw more attention to the broad and diverse field of prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and the utilization of different di...
Sex-related disparities have been recognized in incidence, pathological findings, pathophysiological mechanisms, and diagnostic pathways of non-rheumatic mitral regurgitation. Furthermore, access to treatments and outcomes for surgical and interventi...
A large number of prediction models are published with the objective of allowing personalized decision making for diagnostic or prognostic purposes. Conventional statistical measures of discrimination, calibration, or other measures of model performa...
This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in healthcare diagnostics, specifically their ability to analyze symptom-based prompts and provide accurate diagnoses. The study focused on models including GPT-4, GPT-4o, Gem...
At present, diagnostics of the current technical condition of high-voltage power equipment in power systems have become more important. This allows the estimation of the real technical condition of power equipment more accurately with its removal int...
Genetic testing is rapidly becoming standard practice in the care of critically ill newborns within NICUs. Numerous studies have demonstrated the utility of genetic testing, including changes in clinical care, improved diagnostic certainty, and cost...
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