150 Results Found

This retrospective case-control study examined the relationship between the serum and synovial levels of cathepsin G (CatG) and cathepsin K (CatK) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and their association with disease activity. Methods: This c...

Cathepsin G (CatG) is a chymotrypsin-like protease released upon degranulation of neutrophils. In several inflammatory and ischaemic diseases the impaired balance between CatG and its physiological inhibitors leads to tissue destruction and platelet...

Neutrophils play a crucial role in eliminating bacteria that invade the human body; however, cathepsin G can induce biofilm formation in a non-biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis 1457 strain, suggesting that neutrophil proteases may be involve...

The invasion and integrin-dependent adhesion of neutrophils to lung tissues and their secretion lead to the development of pneumonia in various pulmonary pathologies, including acute respiratory distress syndrome in coronavirus disease. We studied th...

Cathepsin G (CatG) is a pro-inflammatory neutrophil serine protease that is important for host defense, and has been implicated in several inflammatory disorders. Hence, inhibition of CatG holds much therapeutic potential; however, only a few inhibit...

Cathepsin G (CAT) is a protease released by neutrophils when forming neutrophil extracellular traps that was already associated with inducing type I collagen (COL1) in equine endometrium in vitro. Endometrosis is a fibrotic condition mainly character...

An in silico genomic–transcriptomic combined approach allowed the identification of a polymorphism (cis-eQTL-rs41976219) in the Bos taurus genome associated with the CTSG mRNA expression in bovine blood samples, which suggests that individual g...

The molecular basis of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) phagocytosis-enhancing activity (PEA) by human purified urinary Tamm-Horsfall glyco- protein (THP) has not been elucidated. In this study, we found human THP bound to lactoferrin (LF) and cath...

Neutrophil cathepsin G (nCG) is a central serine protease in the human innate immune system, but the importance of its N-glycosylation remains largely undescribed. To facilitate such investigations, we here use complementary LC-MS/MS-based N-glycan,...

Age-related diseases, such as osteoarthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, are often associated with chronic unresolved inflammation. Neutrophils play central roles in this process by releasing tissue-degenerative protea...

Inhalation of particulate matter in polluted air causes direct, size-restricted passage in the circulation and pronounced lung inflammation, provoking platelet activation and (non)-fatal cardiovascular complications. To determine potency and mechanis...

Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs). Cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) released during sepsis interacts with lysosomal enzymes from neutrophils and macrophages. This study aims to examine the association of LVV-...

The collaboration between cellular proteases and host cells is pivotal in mounting an effective innate immune defense. Of particular interest is the synergistic interaction between cathepsin G (CatG) and neutrophil elastase (NE), which are proteases...

Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cell in the circulation of human and act as gatekeepers to discard foreign elements that have entered the body. They are essential in initiating immune responses for eliminating invaders, such as microorganism...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to multi-organ failure influenced by comorbidities and age. Binding of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein (SARS-CoV-2 S protein) to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), al...

The prevalence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants is also accompanied by an increased turnover rate and additional cleavage sites at the positions necessary for priming the Spike (S) protein. Of these priming sites, the proteolytically sensitive polybasic...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease with a complex pathogenesis. Developing multitarget drugs could be a powerful strategy to impact the progressive loss of cognitive functions in this disease. The purpose of this study is to s...

Rhizoma Drynariae (RD), as one of the most common clinically used folk medicines, has been reported to exert potent anti-osteoporotic activity. The bioactive ingredients and mechanisms that account for its bone protective effects are under active inv...

Studies of mast cell biology are dependent on relevant and validated in vitro models. Here, we present detailed information concerning the phenotype of both freshly isolated human skin mast cells (MCs) and of in vitro cultures of these cells that wer...

Wound infection is traditionally defined primarily by visual clinical signs, and secondarily by microbiological analysis of wound samples. However, these approaches have serious limitations in determining wound infection status, particularly in early...

In recent decades, several types of anticancer drugs that inhibit cancer cell growth and cause cell death have been developed for chemotherapeutic application. However, these agents are usually associated with side effects resulting from nonspecific...

Proteolytic activity is pivotal in maintaining cell homeostasis and function. In pathological conditions such as cancer, it covers a key role in tumor cell viability, spreading to distant organs, and response to the treatment. Endosomes represent one...

Immunotherapy has been established as an important area in the therapy of malignant diseases. Immunogenicity sufficient for immune recognition and subsequent elimination can be bypassed by tumors through altered and/or reduced expression levels of ma...

Brain gliomas constitute the vast majority of malignant tumors of the nervous system. There is still a lack of fast, reliable and non-invasive methods of diagnostics. Our work focuses on the quantification of cathepsin B, D and S in glioma. The resea...

The upregulation of proteolytic enzymes has been demonstrated to promote primary tumor development and metastatic bone cancer. The secreted proteases increase tumor growth and angiogenesis, and potentiate neoplastic cell dissemination. This article r...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most prevalent and deadly malignancies worldwide. Despite advancements in screening and treatment, its aggressive progression and tendency to metastasize remain major challenges. Biomarkers such as cathepsins B an...

Neutrophils are first-line immune effectors in innate immunity, employing migration, phagocytosis, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation to combat infections and mediate inflammatory responses. NET formation, the regulated extrusion of ch...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with normal or higher bone mineral density (BMD), but there is a higher fracture rate. Hypoglycaemia does not affect BMD but may cause fractures directly through falls and may affect bone cellular metabolism. We ex...

Fasciolosis, a globally re-emerging zoonotic disease, is mostly caused by the parasitic infection with Fasciola hepatica, often known as the liver fluke. This disease has a considerable impact on livestock productivity. This study aimed to evaluate t...

Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is a potential source for making surimi products. However, it has the disadvantages of bony structures, high level of cathepsines and muddy off-odor which is mainly caused by geosmin (GEO) and 2-methylisoborn...

In the thyroid gland, cysteine cathepsins are secreted upon thyrotropin stimulation for thyroglobulin processing, and they are present at the primary cilia of thyroid epithelial cells. Treatment with protease inhibitors resulted in the loss of cilia...

Besides their primary involvement in the recycling and degradation of proteins in endo-lysosomal compartments and also in specialized biological functions, cysteine cathepsins are pivotal proteolytic contributors of various deleterious diseases. Whil...

Polymer-drug conjugates have demonstrated clinical potential in the context of anticancer therapy. However, such promising results have, to date, failed to translate into a marketed product. Polymer-drug conjugates rely on two factors for activity: (...

Cysteine cathepsins are critical components of the adaptive immune system involved in the generation of epitopes for presentation on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules and have been implicated in degradation of autoantigens. Immunoglobulin varia...

Identifying early egg-quality predictors is a major challenge in finfish hatcheries, and relevant research is now focused on the development of molecular markers. In our study, we examined whether fertilization rates and early morphological abnormali...

Despite many years of research, human neutrophil elastase (HNE) still remains an area of interest for many researchers. This multifunctional representative of neutrophil serine proteases is one of the most destructive enzymes found in the human body...

Cathepsin B activity was measured during processing in hams originating from the main Italian prosciutto PDOs: Parma, San Daniele and Toscano. Sixty-five heavy pig thighs, from sixty-five Italian large white x Italian Landrace pigs bred and slaughter...

Because of the complex mechanisms mediating cancer onset, prognosis, and metastatic behavior, different therapeutic approaches targeting these mechanisms have been investigated. Recent advancements in nanocarrier-based drug and gene delivery methods...

In order to understand the coordinated proteome changes associated with differentiation of a cultured cell pluripotency model, protein expression changes induced by treatment of NT2 embryonal carcinoma cells with retinoic acid were monitored by mass...

Hormonal alterations associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) also impact bone metabolism, though it is unclear if this is bone-protective or not. Bone marker dysfunction has been reported in PCOS and appears to be associated with obesity. Th...

Cysteine cathepsin C (CatC) is a ubiquitously expressed, lysosomal aminopeptidase involved in the activation of zymogens of immune-cell-associated serine proteinases (elastase, cathepsin G, proteinase 3, neutrophil serine proteinase 4, lymphocyte gra...

Neutrophil-mediated cytotoxicity toward tumor cells requires cell contact and is mediated by hydrogen peroxide. We have recently shown that Cathepsin G expressed on the neutrophil surface interacts with tumor RAGE, and this interaction facilitates ne...

Citreoviridin (CIT) is a mycotoxin derived from fungal species in moldy cereals. In our previous study, we reported that CIT stimulated autophagosome formation in human liver HepG2 cells. Here, we aimed to explore the relationship of autophagy with l...

The study investigated the effects of chloride salts (control: 100% NaCl, salt mixture I: NaCl/KCl (50/50), salt mixture II: NaCl/KCl/CaCl2 (40/40/20), salt mixture III: NaCl/KCl/CaCl2/MgCl2 (30/40/20/10)) on enzymatic activity, lipid oxidation, and...

Cystatins are a family of intracellular and extracellular protease inhibitors that inhibit cysteine cathepsins—a group of lysosomal cysteine proteases that participate in multiple biological processes, including protein degradation and post-tra...

SB365, a saponin D extracted from the roots of Pulsatilla koreana, has been reported to show cytotoxicity in several cancer cell lines. We investigated the effects of SB365 on U87-MG and T98G glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells, and its efficacy in c...

Bladder carcinoma (BC) is evaluated as the ninth most common cancer worldwide and the sixth most common cancer among men. The determination of the occurrence and stage of the disease is a significant diagnostic task. An alternative to an invasive bio...

Cathepsin B (CatB) is a lysosomal cysteine protease that plays a major role in various pathologies and is therefore considered a valuable therapeutic target. To address species-specific inhibitor challenges, we characterized the selective binding of...

A homozygous mutation of the DNAJC6 gene causes autosomal recessive familial type 19 of Parkinson’s disease (PARK19). To test the hypothesis that PARK19 DNAJC6 mutations induce the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic cells by reducing the protein...

The pandemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a serious global health threat. Since no specific therapeutics are available, researchers around the world screened compounds to inhibit various molecular targets...