288 Results Found

Detailed maps of the seabed and knowledge of its habitats are critical for a wide range of tasks, such as sustainable development, and environmental protection. Boulders on the seabed form an important environment for ecosystems, but the detection of...

In debris-flow disasters, boulders moving at high velocities cause significant damage to houses and other facilities. Through a flume model test, this study explored the influences of the length/width ratio of the boulders, the angle between the long...

Coastal boulders transported inland by marine hazards, such as tsunamis and storms, are commonly found worldwide. Studies on the transport process of coastal boulders contribute to the understanding of a wide range of phenomena such as high-energy fl...

It is of great significance to apply the object detection methods to automatically detect boulders from planetary images and analyze their distribution. This contributes to the selection of candidate landing sites and the understanding of the geologi...

Coastal boulder deposits (CBDs) are important geomorphic indicators of extreme wave activity, yet integrated morphometric and hydrodynamic analyses remain limited along the Moroccan Atlantic coast. This study characterizes the morphology, spatial dis...

Scandinavian erratic boulders in central Poland represent a significant element of the region’s geodiversity, fulfilling important natural, scientific, and cultural functions. As objects of high perceptual value, they integrate into the landsca...

Large boulders have been found in marine cliffs from 7 study sites on Ibiza and Formentera Islands (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean). These large boulders of up to 43 t are located on platforms that form the rocky coastline of Ibiza and Forme...

Pre-drilled composite planted piles are a commonly used construction method, but there is currently limited research on the load-bearing characteristics of piles penetrating boulders. Therefore, a new type of pre-drilled composite planted pile suitab...

Cyprus has a long history of tsunami events, as noted by archaeological and geological records. At Cape Greco (southeastern Cyprus) large boulders have been noted, however, no detailed geomorphological research has taken place so far and the related...

A spherical weathering body, also called a boulder, is an element of complex geological strata and presents a significant challenge to tunnelling by a tunnel-boring machine (TBM). In this study, ground-based drilling and blasting were used to precond...

The Żonqor coastline, southeast Malta, displays an exceptional range of geomorphic signatures of extreme coastal events. This paper brings together evidence acquired from a field survey, analysis of time-sequential imagery, and hydrodynamic modelling...

In marine habitat mapping, a demand exists for high-resolution maps of the seafloor both for marine spatial planning and research. One topic of interest is the detection of boulders in side scan sonar backscatter mosaics of continental shelf seas. Bo...

This study experimentally investigated the effect of boulder spacing and boulder submergence ratio on the near-bed shear stress in a single array of boulders in a gravel bed open channel flume. An acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) was used to measur...

To estimate the expected damage due to rockfalls and debris flows for buildings and people, it is essential to assess the response of brick walls to boulder impacts. There are scarce physical tests of the impact of boulders on brick walls, which are...

Natural dams are formed most often in narrow, steep valleys in high mountains. The outburst floods triggered by natural dam failures result in the topography and landforms successively being altered. Boulder bars are common natural structures that ar...

In subway construction, the presence of boulders can significantly impact excavation and tunneling processes. However, despite these challenges, an effective and reliable method for detecting boulders in advance has not yet been established. This pap...

The detachment and mobilization of boulders from rocky shore platforms by waves involves complex geomorphic and hydrodynamic processes. Understanding these processes requires precise information on the rates and patterns of movement of these megaclas...

The measurements of boulder volume and axial length play significant roles in exploring the evolution of coastal boulder deposition, which provides a theoretical framework to examine the hydrodynamics of extreme wave events. At present, the applicati...

Boulders on the seabed in coastal marine environments provide key geo- and ecosystem functions and services. They serve as natural coastal protection by dissipating wave energy, and they form an important hard substrate for macroalgae, and hence for...

There is growing evidence that many large coastal boulder deposits found on the exposed rocky ocean shores were deposited by extreme storm waves rather than by catastrophic tsunamis, as previously thought. In addition, before the first discovery in t...

With the fast development of urban rail transportation, shield construction has been widely used in tunnel construction in China. It is very important to detect the random distribution of boulders, which may cause geological problems. Cross-hole elec...

Based on previous research studies and systematic reviews, success in sport climbing seems to be determined by variables such as strength, power, or endurance. However, besides strength-endurance parameters, several other factors may influence the pe...

Flow resistance in gravel-bed channels is not only affected by the shape and size of the roughness elements, but also by their arrangement on the channel bed surface (position to flow streamlines, spacing between elements, and their protrusion from t...

This experimental study investigated the higher-order velocity moments, turbulence time and length scales, and energy dissipation rates around an intermediately submerged boulder within a wake-interference flow regime in a rock-ramp fish passage. The...

Over the last few years, several authors have presented contrasting models to describe the response of boulders to extreme waves, but the absence of direct observation of movements has hindered the evaluation of these models. The recent development o...

Repeat photogrammetry is increasingly the go-too tool for long-term geomorphic monitoring, but quantifying the differences between structure-from-motion (SfM) models is a developing field. Volumetric differencing software (such as the open-source pac...

Boulders mixed with debris flows roll downstream under interactions with debris flow slurry, which poses a great threat to the people, houses, bridges, and other infrastructure encountered during their movement. The catastrophic debris flow in Zhouqu...

The detection of seabed boulders is a critical step in mitigating geological hazards during the planning and construction of offshore wind energy infrastructure, as well as in supporting benthic ecological and palaeoglaciological studies. Traditional...

In this review, the potential of an emerging field of interdisciplinary climate research, Coastal Boulder Deposits (CBDs) as natural archives for intense storms, is explored with particular reference to the Mediterranean region. First, the identifica...

Local scour holes are erosional bed structures that are related to different scientific disciplines in Earth science and hydraulic engineering. Local scouring at naturally placed boulders is ubiquitous, but many competing factors make it difficult to...

Modern and palaeo-shores from Pleistocene Marine Isotope Substage 5e (MIS 5e) featuring prominent cobble/boulder deposits from three locations, on the southern and eastern coast of Santa Maria Island in the Azores Archipelago, were compared, in order...

The paper at hand evaluates the necessity of depicting topographic features like boulders on the lunar environment in thermal analyses for a size of up to 6.5 m in diameter. The question regarding the thermal influence becomes relevant when analysing...

(1) Background: Adolescent refugees in Lebanon and Lebanese youth are both at high risk of suffering from reduced psychological well-being. Sport is an evidence-based strategy for improving mental and physical health, and climbing is a type of sport...

Route previewing has been established as a critical parameter in indoor climbing performance, as it could determine the success or failure in ascending the route. We addressed the effect of different types of previews on output climbing performance....

Boulder-sized clasts on rocky coasts are considered as erosional signatures of extreme wave events and boulder attributes are often used in numerical models to estimate wave characteristics. The use of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and rel...

Large blocks and boulders of banded iron formations and massive hematite up to 40 × 27 × 6 m3 and in excess of 10,000 metric tonnes were detached from an outcrop of the Wilgie Mia Formation during the ca 2.20 Ga marine transgression at the base of th...

This work advances research on the role of hurricanes in degrading the rocky coastline within Mexico’s Gulf of California, most commonly formed by widespread igneous rocks. Under evaluation is a distinct coastal boulder bed (CBB) derived from b...

Protective structures play a vital role in mitigating the risks associated with debris flows, yet assessing their performance poses crucial challenges for their real-world effectiveness. This study proposes a comprehensive procedure for evaluating th...

Previous studies on the role of hurricanes in Mexico’s Gulf of California examined coastal boulder deposits (CBDs) eroded from limestone and rhyolite sea cliffs. Sedimentary and volcanic in origin, these lithotypes are less extensively expresse...

Protective structures are critical in mitigating the dangers posed by debris flows. However, evaluating their performance remains a challenge, especially considering boulder transport in complex 3D terrains. This study introduces a comprehensive meth...

The 450-m long spit that extends westward from the northwest corner of Isla San Luis Gonzaga is one of the largest and most complex constructions of unconsolidated cobbles and boulders found anywhere in Mexico’s Gulf of California. The material...

The article presents a new geosite in a small provincial town in central Poland. It contains twelve Scandinavian erratic boulders from the area, deposited by the Pleistocene ice sheet about 130,000 years ago. The geotrail is equipped with three infor...

Enhancing river passability is considered a central part of the efforts to maintain fish population and achieving good ecological status, according to the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD). One commonly proposed approach to achieving this aim involv...

Geoeducation is fundamental for safeguarding the abiotic world and its impact on the environment, which is inhabited by a society with ever-growing aspirations. However, current Earth and environmental science education in schools is insufficient. It...

In north-western Poland, cultural and historical structures were erected using erratic boulders of Scandinavian origin. These structures have yet to be subjected to detailed analysis with the aim of determining their origin, type of erratic boulders...

Modern geoscience research pays significant attention to Quaternary coastal boulder deposits, although the evidence from the earlier geologic periods can be of great importance. The undertaken compilation of the literature permits to indicate 21 arti...

Cyprus has a long history of tsunami activity, as described in archaeological and geological records. Although the study area has experienced tsunamis in the past and constitutes an area threatened by this hazard both from the Cyprean arc and from th...

The use of baffle arrays behind a rigid barrier is an effective method to reduce impact force by dissipating flow energy with filtering boulders from debris flows. To prevent structural damage of the rigid barrier, appropriate configurations of the b...

Boulders provide ecologically important hard grounds in shelf seas, and form protected habitats under the European Habitats Directive. Boulders on the seafloor can usually be recognized in backscatter mosaics due to a characteristic pattern of high b...

The present study is the first to examine spatio-temporal variations in the densities and morphometrics of three shallow water Polyplacophora species (Rhyssoplax olivacea, Acanthochitona fascicularis and Lepidopleurus cajetanus), native to the easter...